生态

The following conclusions have been made in this paper.(1) Based on CO_2 flux data of eddy covariance, variation characteristics of gross primary productivity in four flux observation stations were studied, which are an alpine meadow, an alpine shrub meadow, a swamp alpine meadow and a steppe alpine meadow at Dongxiong. The results show that photosynthetic capacity of the alpine meadow is the highest, and the annual total GPP is 652.2g C/m~2. Daily-differencing approach is used to analyze the random error of CO_2 fluxes measurements. The results show that the distribution of random error follows more closely follows a double-exponential, rather than a normal distribution, capturing the high peak and thick tail, and the random error varies with environment variables, which violates the assumptions for the ordinary least squares fitting with normality and homoscedasticity, consequently, we introduce maximum likelihood method for parameter optimization.

本文主要在以下几个方面开展工作并获得了一些认知和结论：(1)通过分析样带区域内高寒草甸、高寒灌丛、沼泽化湿地和草原化高寒草甸四个通量观测站点草地生态系统总初级生产力变化特征，研究结果表明HBBT矮嵩草草甸生态系统植被光合作用能力较强，年GPP总量为652.2 gC/m~2，明显高于其他三种生态系统；通过利用"单塔日变化法"获得四站点通量观测数据随机误差，结果表明通量观测随机误差概率分布呈现尖峰厚尾的特征，与正态分布相比，更服从双边指数分布，进一步分析表明通量观测随机误差随环境变量(风速、温度和光合有效辐射)的变化而变化，这违背了普通最小二乘法进行生态过程模型参数优化正态分布且误差同质的假设，因此本研究中引入最大似然法进行生态过程模型参数优化。

Considering of the ecological factors as land-use type, hypsography, vegetation, water system, soil and so on for the sensitivity and suitability assessment of the wetland park. The result show that central area of Sanchahe, Huangmagou, Fishing Lake and the part of Beifeihe River, whose sensitivity and suitability are great than 4 should be protected.

以土地利用类型、地形、植被、水系、土壤等生态因子作为三汊河地区的生态敏感性和生态适宜性评价的指标，研究结果表明：三汊河、黄马沟、钓鱼台湖的中心区域，还有北淝河的部分地区，生态敏感性和生态适宜性的值均大于4，应当加以保护。

As a special biological resource, water sustains the operations of all kinds of ecosystems in polder area, not only the elementary basic for human life and work, but also natural ecological structure, process and environment.

圩区内的水体作为一种特殊的生态资源，支撑和维持着区内各种生态系统的运行发展，不仅提供了人类生活和生产活动的基础资源，还具有维持自然生态系统结构、生态过程与区域生态环境的功能。

It proposed to establish perfect ecosystem function conservation monitoring system, to conduct some ecosystem rehabilitant and build up engineering project, and achievement; to solidify the results of return polder back to lake, and setup immigration residents. And to improve the flood regulation function capacity; Wetland and the biodiversity can be protected effectively; Basically to curtail degradation of ecosystem function, and ecological environment, people's living condition and quality will be improved greatly.

Long—term objective ：建立完善的生态功能保护区监管体系；实施一批生态恢复和环境治理工程，并取得一定效果；退田还湖、平垸行洪和移民建镇的洪水治理成果得到切实巩固，调蓄洪水的生态服务功能得到加强；湿地及其生物多样性得到有效保护；基本扭转洞庭湖区生态环境退化的趋势，湖区生态环境得到明显地改善，人民群众的生活水平和生活质量有所提高。

Set out from ecology economics theory, thrash out zoology saves the economy that exists in construction and zoology how to coordinate development issue, to zoology the province builds zoology economy to be able to develop road to have important sense continuously.

从生态经济学理论出发，研究解决生态省建设中存在的经济与生态如何协调发展问题，对生态省建设走生态经济可持续发展道路具有重要意义。

As a new subject, many aspects of ecosystem health are in the seedtime.

工业文明以来，人类以前所未有的规模和强度影响环境，改变甚至破坏自然生态系统，致使生态系统的健康受到越来越大的损害，引发了一系列的全球性环境问题，由此危及到人类自身的生存，这促使人们认识到维护与保持生态系统健康，促进生态系统良性循环的重要性，使生态系统健康成为当今学术界重点关注的研究领域之一。

Based on the actuality of agricultural ecological security and regional heterogeneity in Hunan, the paper expounds the countermeasure including: strictly control the increasing of population, choose the agricultural resource using model by adjust measures to local conditions, speed the course of agricultural industrialization, establish the investment system of agricultural ecological security, adjust energy sources structure in country, put the returning cultivated land into forest project in practice, perfect the surveillance and forecast system of agricultural ecological security, reinforce the legislation and propagandizing of agricultural environment protection, and popularize the knowledge of ecological security.

这些措施为：严格控制人口增长，树立可持续的发展观；因地制宜选择农业资源利用模式，高效集约利用农业资源；加快农业产业化进程，提高农业持续发展能力；建立以政府投入为主的农业生态安全建设投入体系；调整农村能源结构，加快生态安全技术和产品的研究与开发；实施退耕还林工程，加快生态防护林体系建设；建立和完善农业生态安全监测与预警系统；加强农业环保立法与宣传，普及生态安全知识。

According to the ananysis on present situation of Nanjing petrochemical industry,and from the point of view of industry structure,industry distribution,industry management and industry waste treatment,the strategies on ecological constructon of petrochemical industry have been put up in full and tridimensional aspects.

在对南京市石化工业的现状及存在的问题分析的基础上，从工业结构生态化、空间布局生态化、生产管理生态化和废弃物处理生态化四位一体的角度，全方位、立体化地探索了南京石化工业生态化建设的途径和策略。

One of the key tasks of ecopolis development is to enhance urban ecosystem service, especially the service of lung (urban green, forests and agriculture land), kidney, skin, exit, and artery (channels, roads and metabolism networks) so as to realize a state of purification, greening, vitalization and beautification. On the other hand, the goal of ecopolis is not only the "green" of natural ecosystem, but also the "red" of human ecosystem. The "eco" in ecopolis is neither a return to primitive nature or only environment protection, nor a conquer over nature, but a integration of green rhythm (blue sky, green field, fertile land, green water) and red network (industry, transportation, city and town, culture vein), a tradeoff between environment and economy and a harmony among heaven, earth and human.

生态城市建设的核心是要强化城市的肺、肾、皮、口和脉这些生态基础设施的服务功能，实现城市的净化、绿化、活化和美化；另一方面，生态城市不只要有自然生态的绿韵（蓝天、绿野、沃土、碧水），还要有人文生态的红脉（产业、交通、城镇、文脉）及其相互的融和，而不只是保护城市环境或生物。

Compared with the "Specifications for Marine Biological Survey of China" and "Specifications for Marine Monitoring of China", this guidelines has three significant features:①It covers not only the natural parameters (including marine biological and environmental parameters) but also anthropogenetic parameters which indicate the highly extensive exploitation status in the coastal waters;②The framework of marine ecological assessment consists of 3 keystones: i.

与《海洋调查规范海洋生物调查》和《海洋监侧规范》比较，该指南具有3个显著特点：①调查要素不仅包括海洋生物和海洋环境等自然要素，还包括人为活动要素，充分考虑我国近海生态系统的高强度开发利用的特点；②从生态系统的结构、功能和压力3个方面建立起海洋生态系统健康评价的核心框架体系；③提出生态压力的量化指标，定量评估人类活动对生态系统的压力。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了