生态

Based on the investigation of the growth status of gardens plants with the same site conditions, the important values of populations were calculated with the software of ArcMap, the niche breadth of populations were studied using the Shannon-weinne diversity index, Levins niche breadth index and niche overlap.

通过对立地条件类型相同城市的园林绿地植物生长状况进行调查，运用ArcMap软件计算各种群的重要值；采用Shannon-weinne多样性指标、Levins生态位宽度指数和1994年黄英姿提出的生态位重叠计算公式进行种群生态位宽度的研究，将种群生态位理论运用于生态园林建设中。

Annual supply, demand, profit and loss of EF (1995-2005) for Tianjin were calculated based on MEFM. Per capita Ecological Footprint of arable land, pastureland, forest land, water area and fossil-energy land were 0.0009,-0.3224,-0.1991, 0.0255,-1.9600 hm^2cap^(-1) respectively. The deficit of PEF for pastureland, forest land and fossil-energy land increased annually except that the PEF for forest land and water area increased a little. During the period of 1995-2005, higher energy consumption of per unit production, accretions of population and built-up area were the main factors to the increasing of PEF deficit for Tianjin.

利用改进后的生态足迹模型计算天津市1995-2005年的生态足迹及其动态变化值，天津市耕地、牧草地、林地、水域和化石能源用地人均生态足迹盈亏分别为0.0009，-0.3224，-0.1991，0.0255，-1.9600hm^2人^(-1)，除耕地和水域略有盈余外，牧草地、林地和化石能源用地人均生态赤字均呈递增趋势。1995-2005年间天津市单位产值能耗居高不下、人口规模增长与建筑用地扩张是导致人均生态赤字扩大的根本原因。

The research of ecotourist behavior characteristics has extremely important theory significance and practice application value to the development and planning of ecotourism destination, the marketing and cultivation of ecotourism market, the design and management of ecotourism product and the solutions of ecotourisms negative influence to environment.

生态旅游者行为特征的研究，对于生态旅游地开发与规划、生态旅游市场的营销与培育、生态旅游产品的设计与经营、解决目前生态旅游对环境负面影响，均具有极其重要的理论意义和实践应用价值。

On the basis of ecological security Chapter Three contributes a development model in coastal wetland ecotourism and a set of coastal wetland ecotourist products. It also put forwards safeguards for tourism development by environmental impact evaluation Chapter Four probes into the coastal wetland ecotourism about its structure of management system, management index system and standard, management means and methods.

第三章基于第二章对江苏海滨湿地生态旅游发展潜力与资源评价，以生态安全为指导，提出海滨湿地生态旅游可持续开发模式与海滨湿地生态旅游产品系列，并对开发所可能产生的环境影响进行评价，提出海滨湿地生态旅游环境保护措施。

On the background of city and country space, on the basis of the ecosystem relations and plan theory (such as societal or economical sense theory), the concepts of city and country eco-planning in this thesis emphasized on the space planning combinated nature ecosystem. It was redound the relation between construction and entironment to be more harmonious on the background of market economy. The theory starts with the relation between development and environment. It applied itself to scheme the land and space resources with eco-cyb emetics.

论文中提出的城乡空间生态规划理论就是以城市与乡村整体空间为背景，以各种城乡生态关系为依据，在经济理性、社会理性等各种规划理论的基础上，强调物质空间建设与自然生态协同发展的空间规划，以期达到在以市场经济为主导的背景下更好地实现城乡建设与生态环境和谐的目的；是从城乡互动过程角度与环境的关系等方面进行辨识，沿用生态控制等理论与手法，对城乡空间资源进行配置的理论与方法。

Thus, complex urban ecosystem carrying capacity model is proposed here in light of biology immunity theory and under a series of assumptions. These assumptions include urban ecosystem storage is the material input and its main function is to offer eco-service, this amount of capacity is jointly determined by natural carrying capacity and acquired carrying capacity of urban, and human being is the receptor of the eco-service.

利用生物免疫学理论构建城市生态系统复合承载力理论模型，认为城市生态系统复合承载力的物质基础是由城市生态库构成、其主要功能是提供城市生态系统服务、其大小由城市生态系统天然承载力与获得性承载力共同决定，而其服务对象则是人。

Quadrats were divided into eight types of communities by TWINSPAN, which can be treated as one-dimension resource states. The niche breadths and overlaps of main dominant species were measured using a series of indices proposed by Levins, Shannon-wiener and Petraitis.

运用TWINSPAN把样方分为8个群落类型，用Levins、Shannon-wiener生态位宽度公式和Petraitis生态位特定重叠指数公式测定群落中主要种群生态位宽度和生态位重叠，并分析各种群生态位的生态学意义。

Levins's and Shannon-Wiener niche breadth formula and Pianka's niche overlapping formulae are adopted to quantitatively study the niche breadths and overlapping feathers of major plant species in Malan forest standing in the Loess Plateau as well as analyze the niche patterns of these major plant species following their successions.

应用Levins、Shannon-Wiener生态位宽度公式和Pianka生态位重叠公式，定量研究了黄土高原马栏林区主要植物种的生态位宽度和生态位重叠特征，同时对主要种在演替系列上的生态位变化规律进行了分析。

In order to find the vegetable niche pattern in arid and semi-arid grassland region, the niche breadth and niche overlapping in Yanchi county of Ningxia in 2006 and 2007 are measured by means of Levins niche breadth and Pianka niche overlapping indexes in the enclosed grassland.

运用Levins生态宽度指数及Pianka生态位重叠指数，对宁夏盐池人工封育草原2006年和2007年植物生态位宽度及生态位重叠进行计量，以了解干旱半干旱区草原植物生态位格局。

We analyse briefly owes main reasons that the area ecological environment destroyed,and emphasize necessity that retire the area of mining abandoning field of Dongma countryside in Xi Chou County and we aimed at problem that have had ,and exemplify restroyed suggestions that a few minings abandon the field ecological environment restoring measure , mainly it includes the measure of education and concept,the measure of science and technology,project measure, ecological measure, policy and law measure.

中文摘要：在综合评价董马乡采矿废弃地的生态环境基础上，结合科学发展观的基本要求，简要分析该地区生态环境破坏的主要原因，并强调西畴县董马乡采矿地区生态坏境的必要性，针对存在的问题，着重提出一些采矿废弃地生态环境的整治修复措施，主要包括教育与观念措施；科学技术措施；工程措施；生态措施；政策法律措施。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了