生叶

Leaves alternate, fascicled at nodes, short petiolate or sessile, entire or inconspicuously dentate.

叶互生，簇生在节上，短叶柄或无梗，全缘的或不明显具牙齿。

Racemes terminal, pseudoterminal, or opposite to leaf, sometimes a panicle; apical appendage laciniate; unwinged part of capsule usually with obvious concentric ribs; seeds globose, strophiole hooded or helmet-shaped

总状花序顶生，假顶生，或者与叶，有时一种圆锥花序相反；顶端附属物条裂；无翅部分胶囊通常具明显的同心的肋骨；种子球状，种阜盔状或盔状 21

The results from DNA sequencing and ELISA showed that tomato yellow leaf curl virus from Senegal and PR China is different new whitefly-transmitted geminivirus separately.

克隆和部分序列分析表明中国和非洲塞内加尔的番茄黄化曲叶病毒分别为不同的粉虱传双生病毒，且均为新的双生病毒。

Leaves basal or cauline; leaf blades large, linear, flat, broad or narrow; ligule membranous.

叶基生或茎生；叶片大，线形，平，宽的或狭窄；叶舌膜。

The heat generation curves of seven rubber materials used in tires with the changes of temperature have been obtained by using Dynamic Mechanics Analysis technique on NETZSCH DMA242 instrument, knowing that the heat generation of every other rubber materials except inner liner rubber changes lightly alone with the temperature within 10℃～80℃. According to the Fourier law, the heat transfer coefficients of tire rubber are measured by stable method on self-made experiment instrument. The coefficients changes lineally within 20℃～80℃ and the relation formulas λ=λ〓+bt are given out attached with λ〓 and b. The specific heat of tire rubber are measured on Differential Scanning Calorimeter NETZSCH DSC204 and the relations with temperature are linear and the formula is c=c〓+bT, where c〓 and b gained from experiment result data are presented in the paper. The heat convection coefficients on the surface of rolling tire are measured according to the principle of heat-mass transfer analogy principle after simplifying rolling tire into rotating disk with straight movement on wind channel. The relation with rotation speed of disk is linear as h=5. 399+0.0258n and the relation with straight line speed of tire is linear too, h=

论文采用动态力学分析技术，使用NETZSCH DMA 242型实验仪，获得了轮胎用七种胶料的生热率随温度变化曲线，确知除内衬层胶以外，其它各种胶料在一般胎温范围内（10℃～80℃）的生热率随温度变化不大；轮胎胶料的导热系数根据傅立叶定律的基本原理，采用稳态法在自行搭建的实验台上进行测试，结果表明，材料的导热系数在20℃～80℃的温度范围内随温度呈线性变化，论文给出了各种材料导热系数的线性变化的关系式λ=λ〓+bt及其λ〓和b的值；轮胎胶料的比热运用差式扫描量热原理，在NETZSCH DSC204型DSC实验仪上进行测试，结果表明，胶料的比热随温度的变化呈线性变化，其关系可用c=c〓+bT表示，文中给出了根据实验数据拟合的c〓、b的值；对轮胎表面的对流换热系数的测定，本文先将滚动的轮胎简化为有直线运动的旋转圆盘，而后采用萘升华热质比拟技术，在风洞中测量了滚动轮胎表面的对流换热系数，结果表明，圆盘表面对流换热系数与转速呈线性关系，即h=5.399+0.0258n，轮胎表面对流换热系数与其直线运动的速度呈线性关系，即h=

The leaf is large, intimate circle, part is born cauline top, palm state divides mid, lobation is linear wrap around needle form, gradually pointed, topmost 2 crack, two side provide petiole dentate spinule, halberd dash forward apparent, spadix armpit is unripe, bigger, individual plant of different of male and female, female flower is big, globose, helix shape is worn be born on spicule axis; Male flower is small, yellow, move unripe Yu Xiaobao piece in sunken acupuncture point, fructification is close globose, diametical 10-20 centimeter, black Brown, exocarp is smooth, mesocarp is thicker, fiber is qualitative, endocarp is by 1-3 hard osseous divides pit composition.

叶大型，近圆形，集生茎顶，掌状分裂到中部，裂片线状披针形，渐尖，顶端2裂，叶柄两侧具齿状小刺，戟突明显，肉穗花序腋生，较大，雌雄异株，雌花大，球形，螺旋状着生于小穗轴上；雄花小，黄色，着生于小苞片的凹穴里，果实近球形，直径10-20厘米，黑褐色，外果皮光滑，中果皮较厚，纤维质，内果皮则是由1-3枚硬骨质的分果核组成。

Leaves both basal and cauline, petioles not forming a clump; flowers few, borne in a monochasium; petals very shortly clawed.

叶都为基生和茎生，叶柄不形成一片丛；花少数，生于单歧聚伞花序；花瓣非常短的瓣爪。

These individual characters are similar to those of most aquatic plants in monocotyledonous Helodiales and dicotyledonous Nymphaeales, which reflects the phylogenetic relationships of Iris from aquatic plants to xerophil.

这些个体性状与单子叶沼生目和双子叶睡莲目多数水生植物相似，从一定程度上可以反映鸢尾属植物从水生到旱生的系统发生上的关系。

Oval opposite leaves with pubescent surface, floral cluster in leaf axil or on top of tress, blooming in April, yellowish green flowers with perfume.

叶对生，革质，椭圆形，表面有柔毛。花簇生在叶腋或枝条顶端，4月开花，花淡黄绿色，有香气。

Synflorescences in the apex of the branches, flower yellow, ligule floret 1 (rarely 2), pappus absent.

近缘，它们的共同特征是花序托无托片；不同点在于黄菊属叶对生或交互对生，常基部连合，头状花序在枝顶聚集成平顶形的伞房状或近球形的复合花序，花黄色，舌状花1(-2)，冠毛缺。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。