甘露

Linear and star-shaped hydroxy-terminated polys were synthesized by reacting L-lactide with co-initiators such as poly,hydroxyethyl methycrylate,trimethylolpropane,mannitol and sorbierite in the presence of stannous octoate as catalyst.

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂，分别以聚乙二醇、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、甘露醇和山梨醇等和L-丙交酯反应，得到末端为羟基的线形和星形聚L-丙交酯。

Although octopine synthase and mannopine synthase genes initally resident on Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, they possess all of the sequence elements required for transcription in plants.

甘露碱合成酶基因启动子和章鱼碱合成酶基因启动子虽然来源于农杆菌Ti质粒，但却具有植物启动子的特性，是目前使用广泛的两个组成型启动子。

Results After 4 hours of test, the non-epidemic strains became positive and the average growth density of the non-epidemic strains was higher than that of the epidemic strains; however, some were still lower than the epidemic strains. In contrast, at the eighth hour oftest, when epidemic strains got positive, they showed higher average growth density.

结果 在甘露醇发酵实验第4小时非流行株出现阳性反应时，非流行株整体生长趋势较流行株迅速，但单个菌株生长速度有快有慢；第8小时流行株出现阳性反应时，其生长高于非流行株。

Paper electrophoresis showed that the Onobrychis viciaefolia and Medicago sativa cell line transformed with A〓 synthesized agropine and mannopine, and Onobrychis viciaefolia cell line transformed with LBA9402 Bin19 only synthesized agropine.

红豆草转化系获得再生植株。LBA9402 Bin19转化系可以抗100mg／l卡那霉素。苜蓿A4转化系未能得到再生植株。纸电泳分析表明红豆草A4转化系和苜蓿A〓转化系可以合成农杆碱和甘露碱，而红豆草LBA9402Bin19转化系只能合成农杆碱。

Based on relative literatures,this part has included five resesearch aspects as below.1 Fifteen compounds were isolated and purified by extraction,column chromatography,and their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis: acteoside(Ⅰ-1),isoacteoside(Ⅰ-2),crenatoside(Ⅰ-3),cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4),sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5),adenosine(Ⅰ-6),β-siterol(Ⅰ-7),oleanic acid(Ⅰ-8), succinic acid(Ⅰ-9),caffeic acid(Ⅰ-10),protocatechuic aldehyde(Ⅰ-11),p-hydro xybenzyl alcohol(Ⅰ-12),β-daucosterol(Ⅰ-13),D-galacitol(Ⅰ-14),D-mannitol(Ⅰ-15).Ⅰ-4～15 were obtained from this plant for the first time,andⅠ-6,7,9,and 13 were isolated from Orobanche genus for the first time.2 The scavenging test of DPPH showed that most compounds have comparative antioxidant activity as L-ascorbic acid and part of them show better activity such as the O.coerulescens extract and phenylethanoid glycosides.Acteoside showed potent free radical scavenging effects with a median inhibition concentration of 25.6μg/ml.3 The anti-HBV activities of acteoside,isoacteoside and crenatoside were measured,and all of them showed suppressive activity on the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.

本论文在文献调研基础上对紫花列当化学成分及生物活性进行了研究，并从免疫抗病毒角度探讨紫花列当中特征性成分类叶升麻苷的肝保护作用及其机制。1采用大孔树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术对紫花列当进行系统的植物化学研究，从中分离得到19个化合物，利用UV和NMR等波谱手段及理化性质鉴定了其中的15个化合物，分别为类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-1)、异类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-2)、crenatoside(Ⅰ-3)、cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4)、sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5)、腺苷(Ⅰ-6)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ-7)、齐墩果酸(Ⅰ-8)、琥珀酸(Ⅰ-9)、咖啡酸(Ⅰ-10)、原儿茶醛(Ⅰ-11)、对羟甲基苯甲酸(Ⅰ-12)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅰ-13)、D-半乳糖醇(Ⅰ-14)和甘露醇(Ⅰ-15除化合物Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2和Ⅰ-3外，其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。2)通过大孔树脂富集该药材有效部位苯乙醇总苷，并采用HPLC测得其所含特征性成分类叶升麻苷的含量可达80%以上。3DPPH自由基清除试验显示紫花列当提取物及其所含的苯乙醇苷类化合物均具有较好的抗氧化能力，其清除DPPH自由基能力接近于抗坏血酸。4采用卡介苗整体致敏、脂多糖离体攻击构建大鼠原代肝细胞免疫性损伤模型，在体外观察类叶升麻苷的保肝作用。

The cells ovoidal, while budding the wall structure is entroblastic. Reproduction by multilateral budding. It is not form ascospores or ballistospores; on malt agar red carotenoid pigments is synthesized.

该菌株细胞卵圆，出芽时胞壁结构为内分芽型，多端芽殖，不产生子囊孢子和掷孢子；在麦芽汁琼脂上产生红色胡萝卜素，颜色反应阳性，菌落平滑，有光泽，质地软而呈粘液状，不发酵任何糖，能同化麦芽糖、蔗糖、乳糖、棉子糖、松三糖和硝酸钾，能分解尿素；细胞水解物中含甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖。

Several studies indicate a worse outcome in patients who received fasciotomy compared with those who did not.7, 11 It is felt to be indicated only in a potentially viable extremity that is pulseless due to elevated intracompartmental pressure.18 Fasciotomy was felt to be useful in preventing cases of Volkman's ischemic contracture after the Tangshan earthquake.3 In Israel, fasciotomy was reserved as a treatment of last resort in cases refractory to the use of intravenous mannitol.7

几项研究表明，采用筋膜切开术的患者后果比未手术者更严重。这说明仅在可能的极端情况下筋膜间区压力升高才会导致无脉动现象。在唐山地震后，筋膜切开术对预防前臂缺血性肌挛缩有效。在以色列，筋膜切开术被做为难以采用静脉输注甘露醇病人最后的治疗方法。

Results and Conclusions （1）MRI is better than CT to show the lesion of cerebellar fossa and brain stem.（2）Late radiation encephalopathy may be the result of immunal response to the damage of brain tissue and blood vessel after radiotherapy（3） 18 F-FDG-PET is a effective screenage examimation to diagnosis late radiation encephalopathy.（4）To some degree,the symptoms of the patients were alleviated after therapy with dexamethasome,mannital and vitamine B,etc.Late radiation encephalopathy ought to be given priority to prevention and treated vigorously as soon as possible.

结果和结论（1）CT对鼻咽癌迟发性放射性脑病的诊断有一定价值，但MRI对后颅窝和脑干病变的显示优于CT；（2）迟发性放射性脑病可能是放疗致脑组织血管损伤后引起免疫改变的结果；（3）18-氟代脱氧葡萄糖（ 18F-FDG）-PET是诊断迟发性放射性脑病的有效的影像学检查方法；（4）本组患者经应用激素、甘露醇、多种维生素等治疗，均取得不同程度的改善。

According to Gas Chromatography infra-red spectra analysis, the four fractions all contain different quantities of arabinose , galactose, glucose and seminose, VLP-2 and VLP-3 also contain rhamnose and xylose, polysaccharide configuration may have B -D-pyran glucose.

以粗多糖为起始原料计算，四个级分的纯品多糖得率分别为：VLP—1为25.32％，VLP—2为50.82％，VLP—3为7.55％，VLP—4为10.41％。根据气相色谱分析表明，四个级分的多糖都含有不同量的阿拉伯糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖，VLP—2、VLP—3还含有鼠李糖和木糖。

I felt his lips on mine, and his cold tongue move serpentlike into my mouth.

有一次，我半梦半醒之时，空气中飘荡着蔷薇色与金色的光韵，房间里暖意融融，我感觉到他的双唇正吻在我的双唇之上，他那冰冷的舌头像一条蛇一般在我的嘴里游走着，一股液体充斥进我的嘴里，似一种纯厚而炽热的甘露，如此浓烈，让我感觉它好像贯穿过我的整个身体，一直延伸至我那伸展着的指尖。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。