瓶颈

At the same time, we may legitimatize the appointment that socialist values are the uppermost hypothesis of China's modernization . The actual road that we emphasize values'role on economic development is extending community function to building Chinese system of economic development. We improve economic efficiency when community merits (such as helping one another and living together) are widely exercised in the whole progress of Chinese consciousness. It is significant to strengthen Chinese consciousness of briefs, conviction and duty, to remove developmental bottleneck, to stimulate economic development, to build socialist harmonious society and overall affluent society.

强调价值观对于经济发展所起重要作用的一条现实路径就是，在中国经济发展体制的构架中更加突出社区的功能，以把存在于社区水平上一些有利于提高经济运行效率的道德情操，如互助友爱、同舟共济等扩展为能普遍应用于整个中国式现代化进程中的道德情操，这对于解决我们当前普通中国人普遍缺乏信仰、信任与责任意识，消除可能出现的发展瓶颈，促进经济发展、建构社会主义和谐社会和全面建设小康社会意义重大。

Based on the preliminary performance practice of the system of non-punishment for first offender in the enforcement of environmental rules and regulations,the existing problems and limitary factors of the system were pointed out in this paper.

根据&首次不罚制&在环境执法中推行的初步实践，指出了该制度自身存在的问题和制度外的制约因素，并提出了克服这些瓶颈因素的建议。

To evaluate the microprocessor performance with macro-benchmarks, this thesis proposes MAMO, a more delicate Microprocessor Analytical MOdel.

现有的基于结构级模拟器进行性能分析的方法所需时间过长且无法直接反映影响处理器性能的瓶颈。

We analyze the performance bottleneck of the Godson-2 processor using MAMO and validate the result with the Sim-Godson simulator further.

本文使用MAMO分析了龙芯2号处理器的性能瓶颈，并与Sim-Godson模拟器做了进一步的校验。

This model will play an important role in the architectural optimization process of the Godson series microprocessors.超标量;微处理器;分析模型;性能分析;工作负载;微体系结构; MAMOsuperscalar; microprocessor; analytical model; performance evaluation; workload; microarchitecture; MAMO

作为基于详细模拟的处理器性能分析方法的补充，微处理器性能分析模型能够更加有效地分析处理器性能瓶颈，探索设计空间，也将在龙芯处理器的结构优化工作中发挥重要作用。

In electronic payment system, it is more suitable to introduce the distributed electronic bank scheme in networks environment. However, in current scheme, the users obtain their cards issued by the bank in which they have opened their accounts and withdraw and store their e-coin at the bank. Due to limits of current network neckbottle and security, dispersed and mobile users in different areas, there are some defects in a practical monadic account e-bank scheme.

摘要在电子支付系统中，采用分布式电子银行方案更适合于网络运行环境，然而在现行的分布式电子银行方案中，每个用户局限在所开帐户的电子银行取得签发的Smart Card和提取或存储电子货币，由于网络的瓶颈作用和安全缺陷，以及用户所处地域的分散性和流动性等因素的限制、使得单一开户的银行方案在实际应用中其分布式特性并未充分得以发挥。

This thesis brings about a distributed noncentral management mechanism to avoid performance and availability bottleneck.

提出了分布式对等管理机制，避免了性能和可用性瓶颈。

Up to now, the performance analysis of noncoherent space-frequency coding whose receiver does not know the channel state information and the methods to reduce the encoding-decoding complexity have not been solved, and this has constituted a bottleneck of the research of noncoherent space-frequency coding.

非相干空频码具有接收端不需要知道信道信息的特点，而到目前为止，针对非相干空频码的性能分析和如何降低编译码复杂度的问题还没有得到很好的解决，这些问题已成为研究非相干空频码的瓶颈。

Based on the hypothesis of Brands, this thesis presents two off-line electronic cash system applied to small payment: one is an off-line nondivisible electronic cash system with complete anonymity, and the other is an off-line nondivisible electronic cashsystem with repealed anonymity. The two systems can solve the bottleneck problem of bank server. Furthermore, based on the concept of virtual debit as well as the payment demand of pay-per-use electronic commerce and mobile commerce, this paper designs a micro-system NPAY, which can solve the problem of extra-consuming, greatly reduce the system communication overhead, and the consumer can anonymously consume.

基于Brands假设，设计了两个适用于小额支付的离线电子现金系统：一个是具有完全匿名性的离线不可分电子现金系统，另一个是可撤消匿名性的离线不可分电子现金系统，这两个系统都较好地解决了银行服务器的瓶颈问题；针对即付即用(pay-per-use)类型电子商务和移动商务的支付需求，基于&虚借记&的概念，设计了一个微支付系统NPAY，较好地解决了消费者超额消费问题，系统的通讯开销也大大减少，并且消费者可以匿名消费。

Based on the hypothesis of Brands, this thesis presents two off-line electronic cash system applied to small payment: one is an off-line nondivisible electronic cash system with complete anonymity, and the other is an off-line nondivisible electronic cash'system with repealed anonymity. The two systems can solve the bottleneck problem of bank server. Furthermore, based on the concept of virtual debit as well as the payment demand of pay-per-use electronic commerce and mobile co mmerce, this paper designs a micro-system NPAY, which can solve the problem of extra-consuming, greatly reduce the system communication overhead, and the consumer can anonymously consume.

基于Brands假设，设计了两个适用于小额支付的离线电子现金系统：一个是具有完全匿名性的离线不可分电子现金系统，另一个是可撤消匿名性的离线不可分电子现金系统，这两个系统都较好地解决了银行服务器的瓶颈问题；针对即付即用(pay-per-use)类型电子商务和移动商务的支付需求，基于&虚借记&的概念，设计了一个微支付系统NPAY，较好地解决了消费者超额消费问题，系统的通讯开销也大大减少，并且消费者可以匿名消费。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。