瓣性心内膜炎

Methods Re-operations were done in235cases with recurrent cardiac valve diseases from1985to2003.Aˉmong these patients,155cases had received closed mitral commissurotomy,12with mitral valvuloplasty,43with biologˉical prosthetic failure,6with mechanical prosthetic dysfuction,6with periprosthetic leakage,2with prosthetic valve enˉdocarditis,8with other valve disease after valve replacement,1with closed mitral commissurotomy and redo MVR,redo DVR,1with closed mitral commissurotomy and redo MVR,redo MVRand redo AVR.6cases received TVR and179with tricuspid valvuloplasty.

1985年1月～2003年9月，235例复发性心脏瓣膜病再次手术，其中二尖瓣闭式分离术后155例，二尖瓣直视成形术后12例，生物瓣衰43例，机械瓣功能障碍6例，瓣周漏6例，机械瓣心内膜炎2例，换瓣后其它瓣膜病8例，1例闭式分离术后MVR后瓣膜障碍再次DVR，1例闭式术后MVR后瓣衰再次MVR后再行AVR，1例MVR后AVR后TVR。

Sinus bradycardia or sinus bradycardia with arrhythmia,sino-auricular block,sinus stopping beat with junctional abnormal beat occurred in15cases;Sinus bradycardia with ST-T changes occurred in10cases,ab-normal excitation（including ventricular,supraventricular premature beat with tachycardia）occurred in6cases the cardiac function of9cases were checked up:stroke volume,cardiac indexand ejection timewere normal or on the low side.

窦性心动过缓或窦性心动过缓伴不齐、窦房传导阻滞、窦性停搏伴交界性异搏共18例；窦性心动过缓伴ST-T改变11例；兴奋性异常（室性、室上性早搏伴心动过速）6例。9例心功能检查：心输出量、心脏指数、射血分数三项指标在正常偏低水平。3例心脏彩超三尖瓣赘生物，诊断为感染性细菌性心内膜炎。

Sinus bradycardia or sinus bradycardia with arrhythmia,sino-auricular block,sinus stopping beat with junctional abnormal beat occurred in15cases;Sinus bradycardia with ST-T changes occurred in10cases,ab-normal excitation（including ventricular,supraventricular premature beat with tachycardia）occurred in6cases the cardiac function of9cases were checked up:stroke volume,cardiac indexand ejection timewere normal or on the low side.The colour Doppler showed that excrescence in tricuspid valve of3cases and the diagnosis was infectivity bacterial endocarditis.

窦性心动过缓或窦性心动过缓伴不齐、窦房传导阻滞、窦性停搏伴交界性异搏共18例；窦性心动过缓伴ST-T改变11例；兴奋性异常（室性、室上性早搏伴心动过速）6例。9例心功能检查：心输出量、心脏指数、射血分数三项指标在正常偏低水平。3例心脏彩超三尖瓣赘生物，诊断为感染性细菌性心内膜炎。

Other conditions that increase the risk of embolism include mitral stenosis (narrowing of a valve in the heart), and endocarditis (swelling of the heart chambers and valves).

其他条件的风险增加栓塞，包括二尖瓣狭窄，以及性心内膜炎（肿胀的心脏，商会和阀门）。

And rheumatic valves also accounted for 70 cases (88.5%) of aortic stenosis plus insufficiency. The rheumatic valves was decreased dramatically as the cause of the aortic valve disease, aortic root dilation and degenerative valves increased significantly, while others had no significant changes.

随着社会进步和人口老龄化，风湿性病因所占比例大幅下降，主动脉根部扩张导致的主动脉关闭不全有较大幅度的上升，退行性主动脉瓣有所上升，二叶式主动脉瓣、感染性心内膜炎所致瓣膜损害变化不明显。

The characteristics and changes of etiology were analyzed. All cases with aortic diseases were divided into single aortic stenosis, single aortic insufficiency, and combined aortic stenosis plus insufficiency group.

分别以主动脉瓣狭窄、主动脉瓣关闭不全、主动脉瓣狭窄合并关闭不全3组分析，具体病因包括风湿性、二叶式主动脉、退行性主动脉瓣、主动脉根部扩张、感染性心内膜炎、少见及未确定等6类病因。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。