琼脂

The root inducation rate is 100% on the cotton, pearl rock and agar medium, but the number of root induced is maximum. The average number is 5.47. The young root possess many multistage branchs. The transplant effect also showed pearl rock is ideal substitute for agar.

珍珠岩、琼脂和脱脂棉的生根率都达到100％，生根数以珍珠岩最高，平均5.47条，幼根具多级分枝，试管苗移栽也表明，珍珠岩在地灵试管生根中是琼脂的理想替代物。

Various media were ued for plate count: nutrient agar, nutrient agar supplemented with 10, 20, 30 % sucrose.

几种培养基被用于平板计数：营养琼脂培养基，以及分别加有10%，20%，30%蔗糖的琼脂培养基。

Various media were ued for plate count: nutrient agar, nutrient agar supplemented with 10, 20, 30 % sucrose.

平板计数法要用到各种媒介工具：营养琼脂，补充了含10，20，30%蔗糖的营养琼脂。

Various media were ued for plate count: nutrient agar, nutrient agar supplemented with 10, 20, 30 % sucrose.

平板计数要用到多种媒介，像营养琼脂和分别含10，20，30%蔗糖的营养琼脂。

Methods All fecal swabs were freshly collected from outpatients with community-acquired diarrhea in our hospital and immediately plated onto six kinds of culture agars: XLD,TCBS,SS, CCDA, MacConkey agar and modified cefoperazone MacConkey agar. Phenotypic characteristics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, transmission electronmicroscopyand drug susceptibility tests were employed to identify the isolated bacteria.

方法于2005年8月对杭州市第一人民医院肠道门诊就医患者采集粪样，分别接种SS、XLD、CCDA、TCBS、MacConkey琼脂以及改良头孢哌酮MacConkey琼脂等6种平皿，对分离到的可疑细菌进行常规生理生化实验、16S rRNA基因序列测定、透射电镜下形态观察及药敏试验。

Additionally, the growth of the pathogen was obviously affected by cultural media. The morphological characters such as colony color and diameter, and production of fruit body of the fungus growing on PDA, 10% V8, apple leaves dextrose agar and apple leaves extraction dextrose agar media were different. The fungus formed colonies of about 8mm in diameter and did not produce fruit bodies and aerial hyphae in 1 month incubation on PDA. However it formed the similar size colonies as on PDA and produced fruit bodies and aerial hyphae on 10% V8 and LDA media in the same incubation period. Very small colonies (2mm in diameter) and fruit bodies were found on LEDA media in the same incubation condition. These results indicated that successful isolation of M. coronaria from apple leaves depended on suitable isolation method and cultural media as well as fresh samples.

不同培养基上菌落形态、大小和产孢情况差异也很大，培养1个月（25℃）后PDA上菌落黑褐色隆起，表面蚯蚓粪状，无气生菌丝，无子实体和基内菌丝；10% V8培养基上菌落中央隆起，黑褐色，表面生少量气生菌丝，边缘放射状，基内菌丝深褐色，有子实体；苹果叶片葡萄糖琼脂培养基上菌落平坦，黄褐色，表面生茂密的金黄色气生菌丝，基内菌丝深褐色，有子实体；苹果叶片煎汁葡萄糖琼脂培养基上菌落有明显的不规则隆起，黄褐色至黑褐色，表面生少许气生菌丝，菌落生长缓慢，无基内菌丝，分生孢子盘菌落表面生，菌落直径仅2mm左右，而在其他培养基上的菌落直径可达6－8mm，说明培养基质、分离方法均对苹果盘二孢的分离培养和生长发育有明显的影响。

He pipettes solutions of bacteria onto the agarose, which sucks out the water, leaving a solid layer of bacteria.

然后他用吸液管将细菌溶液滴到琼脂糖上，在琼脂糖吸干了溶液中的水分后，印章表面就会形成一层固体细菌。

Pneumophila serogroup 5 antibody to develop two immuo-colloidal gold tests respectively. Main works listed below as:1、Preparation and identification of polysaccharide antigen of L. pneumophila Bacteria of LP1 ~ 7,9 and 10 were cultured on yeast agar buffer activated carbon for three to five days at 37℃, 5%CO2. Protein-free polysaccharide antigens were obtained after harvest in cells, extraction, deproteinization, dialysis and other steps. Their immunogenicities were verified by ultraviolet spectrophotometer full-wavelength scanning and Western blotting.2、Preparation and identification of rabbit anti-LP1 antibodies and rabbit anti-LP5 antibody Rabbit anti-LP1 and anti-LP5 antibodies were purified after rabbits were immuned with antigens isolated as described above. The purities of both antibodies were above 80% and the titer of blood serum 1:32 tested by double antibody sandwich assay.3、Development of colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay kit The size of colloidal gold particles in the kit was 25nm. The optimal concentrations for antibodies were 30μg/ml and the sensitized concentrations of NC membrane were 5 mg/ml.

主要研究工作从以下几个方面进行：1、LP1~7、9和10型多糖抗原的制备与鉴定将LP1~7、9和10型菌株分别接种在缓冲活性炭酵母琼脂培养基上，37℃、5%CO2的条件下培养，3~5天后洗下菌苔，经抽提、除蛋白、透析等步骤后得到基本无蛋白的LP多糖抗原，经紫外分光光度仪全波长扫描及Western blotting验证其抗原良好。2、兔抗LP1抗体和兔抗LP5抗体的制备与鉴定分别用LP1、LP5型多糖抗原免疫家兔，采用琼脂糖双向扩散试验检测，两种抗体血清效价均为1：32；饱和硫酸铵法提取抗体，SDS-PAGE检定其抗体纯度均达到80%以上。3、胶体金免疫层析检测试剂的初步研制采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备约25nm大小的胶体金颗粒；分别制备兔抗LP1抗体、兔抗LP5抗体的金标探针，两种抗体的最适标记量均为30μg/ml；选择适当孔径的微孔滤膜为载体包被两种抗体，NC膜包被浓度均为5mg/ml。

Optimization technology was acetidin: N-hexane (3:7) as low-pole solvent system, methanol: dichloromethane (1:9) as polar solvent system, 20% glycerol filter paper as moisturizer, 14 h age Bacillus subtilis as indicating strain seed on thin layer plate cultivated for 14~18 h, 1% TTC staining time 1~2 h, bacterial mix method suitable to 0.2%~0.6% agar semisolid bouillon culture-medium, bacterial spread method suitable to 1% agar semisolid bouillon culture-medium.

结果：该方法展开系统筛选简单，抑菌斑位置准确、斑点清晰，其优化条件为：以乙酸乙酯：正己烷(3：7)为弱极性展开系统，甲醇：二氯甲烷(1：9)为强极性展开系统，用20%甘油滤纸对湿室保湿，以14h菌龄的枯草芽孢杆菌为指示菌种子液，自显影薄层板36℃培养14~18h，1%TTC显色时间为1~2h，含0.2%~0.6%琼脂的半固体肉汤培养基应使用混菌法生物自显影，含1%琼脂半固体肉汤培养基应使用涂布法生物自显影。

Each of the aliquots directly or after dilution was plated on SDB agar consisting of 1% agarose and 3% SDB powder in 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer, at neutral pH.

每一项aliquots直接或稀释后，被镀对康体发展局的琼脂构成的1 ％琼脂糖和3％，康体发展局的粉末在 10毫米钠磷酸盐缓冲液，在中性pH 。

Now, however, all children continue in "comprehensive" schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow.

然而现在，所有的孩子都要在综合学校继续学习，所以这次考试只是决定他们将要学习哪些课程。

Cultivatable land , and led to a general recognition that development must not be carried at the cost of agriculture .

城区的迅速扩大在很多情况下侵占了宝贵的可耕地，使人们普遍认识到发展不能以牺牲农业为代价。