琥珀酰

The originalprocedure has subsequently been replaced by milder and more environmentallyfriendly conditions. We tried to alkylate 3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene by2-allylphenylbenzyl ether in the presence of N-bromosuccinimide.

本实验是在溴代琥珀酰亚胺的作用下使2-烯丙基苯基苄基醚产生苄正离子，苄正离子亲电进攻3，4，5-三甲氧基甲苯从而进行傅氏烷基化反应的。

N-succinimidyl 5---3-pyridinecarboxylate, a useful linker for labeling proteins with astatine and iodine radioisotopes, is synthesized in three steps with 5- bromonicotinic acid as a starting material, and is characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometer and high performance liquid chromatography.

以5-溴烟酸为起始物，通过3步主要反应合成了一种适用于蛋白质放射性砹标记的偶联剂——5--3-吡啶甲酸 N-琥珀酰亚胺酯，并用核磁共振、质谱、高效液相色谱等进行了表征。

The main study of this dissertation is shown as follows.1.Two new amphiphilic steroid derivatives(N-cholesteryl succinyl glucosamine, CSG and N-deoxycholyl glucosamine,DCG) were designed and synthesized.Their chemical structures have been confirmed by means of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry,Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometry and Mass Spectrometry.

设计、合成了新型的两亲性甾族衍生物—N-胆固醇琥珀酰基氨基葡萄糖(N-cholesteryl succinyl glucosamine，CSG)和N-脱氧胆酰基氨基葡萄糖(N-deoxycholyl glucosamine，DCG)，并采用傅立叶红外波谱仪(Fourier TransformInfrared Spectrometry，FT-IR)、核磁共振波谱仪(Nuclear Magnetic ResonanceSpectrometry，NMR)和质谱等分析仪器对原料、中间产物和最终产物的化学结构进行表征。

The synthetic progress of polysuccinimide using maleic acid as original material was studied by two steps of aminization and polymerization. Changes of reactant and product composition in aminization reaction step was studied by using bromine value analysis method. It was found that amine salt and amide were main products in this step.

对以马来酐为原料合成聚琥珀酰亚胺的两个反应过程进行了研究，通过溴价测定法研究了胺化反应阶段反应物及产物各组分的变化情况，确定胺化反应阶段的产物组分主要是胺盐和酰胺。

Two kinds of polyaspartic acid derivates, i.e. PEG-g-PAsp and PEG-g-PDEA, were prepared through the ring-opening reaction of polysuccinimide by CH3O-PEG-NH2, followed by alkaline hydrolysis and aminolysis, respectively.

通过胺端基聚乙二醇(CH3O-PEG-NH2)开环聚琥珀酰亚胺，进一步碱解和胺解制备了聚乙二醇接枝聚天冬氨酸和聚乙二醇接枝聚乙二胺基天冬酰胺两种聚天冬氨酸衍生物。

Methods: The model of evaluating T cell proliferation stimulated with polyclonal activators, ConA was established by vital dye carboxyl fluorescin diacetate succinmidyl ester labeling technique. The effect of a specific inhibitor for p38 MAPK, SB253580, on T cell proliferation on different doses and in different time was estimated by flow cytometry. At the same time, the percentage of proliferating T cells and proliferation index were measured by CellQuest and SPSS10.0 for Windows softwares.

以活体染料羧基荧光素乙酰乙酸琥珀酰亚胺酯染色，建立了在多克隆刺激剂刀豆蛋白A刺激下评价小鼠T细胞增殖的模型，通过流式细胞术分析p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的特异性抑制剂SB203580在不同剂量、不同时间对T细胞增殖的作用，并应用CellQuest和SPSS10.0 for Windows软件分析增殖细胞各代所占比例和增殖指数。

Methods: A model to evaluate lymphocyte proliferation stimulated with a polyclonal activator, concanavalin A, was established by vital dye carboxyl fluorescin diacetate succinmidyl ester labeling technique. Effects of the different doses of anisomycin on the lymphocyte proliferation were estimated by flow cytometry and MTT methods. The propidium iodide labeling technique was applied to assay the effect of the different doses of anisomycin on changes of the lymphocyte cell-cycle stimulated by ConA or by phorbol ester plus Ionomycin. The percentage of the expression level of CD69 and CD25 on the activated lymphocytes was evaluated by fluorescin-conjugated monoclonal antibody double labeling technique.

以活体染料羧基荧光素乙酰乙酸琥珀酰亚胺酯染色，建立在多克隆刺激剂刀豆蛋白A刺激下评价小鼠淋巴细胞增殖的模型，通过流式细胞术和MTT法分析茴香霉素在不同剂量下对淋巴细胞增殖的作用；采用碘化丙锭染色分析茴香霉素对ConA或佛波醇酯加离子霉素刺激的小鼠淋巴细胞周期变化的作用；利用荧光标记的单克隆抗体双染技术和流式细胞术观察茴香霉素对小鼠CD3~+T细胞早期及中期活化标志分子CD69和CD25表达的影响。

Was synthesized from succimide by bromination with bromine,methylation with dimethyl sulfate and the reaction of indolyl magnesium bromide with 2,3-dibromoN-methylmaleimide.

以琥珀酰亚胺为起始原料，经过溴化、甲基化后再与吲哚溴化镁加成反应合成了2-溴-3-(1H-吲哚-3)-N-甲基马来酰亚胺，总收率44.8%，其结构经1H NMR和IR确证。

The hydrophobic core serves as a reservoir for water-insoluble drugs.Hence,these nanoparticles can be used as carriers for hydrophobic drugs.For the synthesis of cholesterol-modified glycol chitosan conjugates,a carboxyl group was initially introduced to cholesterol molecule using succinic anhydride,and then covalently coupled with the primary amino group of glycol chitosan in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxyl succinimide.

本文采用二步反应将胆固醇接枝到乙二醇壳聚糖，首先将胆固醇进行羧基化，将胆固醇与琥珀酸酐反应生成胆固醇半琥珀酸酯，然后用1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐与N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺作为偶联剂，将胆固醇半琥珀酸酯的羧基与乙二醇壳聚糖主链的氨基进行反应，得到胆固醇疏水改性乙二醇壳聚糖共聚物。

The glycyrrhizic acid antigen is prepared through the process including following steps: dissolving glycyrrhizic acid in N, N-dimethyl formamide, dioxane or dimethyl sulfoxide, heliophobically adding N-hydroxy succinimide, reacting with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide at 0-10 deg.c for 2-5 hr; and reacting with carrier protein at normal temperature for 4-6 hr to obtain glycyrrhizic acid antigen.

本发明所提供的甘草酸抗体，是用甘草酸抗原免疫动物，然后从被免疫动物的血清中分离得到的；所述甘草酸抗原按如下过程制备：先将甘草酸溶解在N，N-二甲基甲酰胺、二氧六环或二甲基亚砜中，避光加入N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺，然后在0-10℃条件下与二环己基碳二亚胺反应2-5小时；接着与载体蛋白常温反应4-6小时，得到甘草酸抗原。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。