理论模型

Based on AIEM and MIMICS models, the co-relation among radar backscatter, vegetation backscatter and surface backscatter were analyzed, and the linear relation between cross polarization data and vegetation backscatter component was found. Then a simplified vegetation model was constructed after solving the problem of the vegetation backscatter component.

在裸露地表理论模型AIEM和植被散射模型MIMICS模拟分析雷达后向散射与植被散射、地表散射之间相互关系的基础上，分析发现了交叉极化数据与植被体散射量存在的线性关系，从而解决了雷达总后向散射中植被体散射量的问题，进而建立了简化的植被模型。

Using numerical simulation technology and method of orthogonal experiment design and single factor rotating optimization, this thesis makes a study of "lost core injection ", thus achieve the optimization of the parameters of molding process, to offer basic reference when developing production technology and mould of the plastics intake manifold. Based on the study of the status in quo and development trend of weight reduction on automobile, the application of plastics to automobile and intake manifold, then under the guidance of theory model and numerical simulation technology in the process of high polymer material, this thesis launches flowing main research work: First of all, on the basis of the three-dimensional model of the part and finite element net model, several designs of gating and running system are numerically simulated and analyzed via MPA of Moldflow.

本文在对当今汽车轻量化、零部件塑料化以及的汽车进气歧管塑料化的发展现状和发展趋势进行了研究和简要介绍，然后在高分子材料成型过程中的理论模型和数值计算方法的指导下，展开主要的研究工作：首先，在零件三维模型和有限元网格模型的基础上，使用Moldflow 的MPA模块对塑料进气歧管的多个浇注系统设计方案进行数值模拟，通过分析各个方案的充填质量、熔接线位置及数量等指标，得到了综合质量较高的4 个进料口的浇口位置及半限制型浇口大小的浇注系统。

As the application of the intermediate models is concerned, the works applying the intermediate models to investigate the topographic boundary layer, frontogenesis and low-level frontal structures, and the boundary layer jet are summarized in this article. It is mainly focused on the dynamic characteristics of the Ekman layer and its effect on the low-level structure and circulation of the weather systems illustrated by the models. It is shown that the intermediate boundary-layer models have great potential in illustrating the low level structures of the weather and climate systems as they are coupled with the free atmospheric models.

对于这些Ekman边界层近似理论模型的进一步应用问题，主要回顾和总结了利用上述模型探讨地形边界层结构、大气锋生过程、低层锋面结构和环流以及边界层日变化、低空急流形成等动力学问题的研究，并对这些研究所揭示的Ekman层动力学特征及其对自由大气低层运动的影响进行了分析，结果表明，这些Ekman边界层近似模型可以较好地揭示大气边界层动力学特征，在大气边界层动力学及其与自由大气相互作用的研究上具有重要价值。

This paper deduces a theoretical population model in a urban system under a hypothetical condition of zero population growth,and analyses the population dynamics for the model.

本文推演了城市系统中在人口零增长假设条件下的人口迁移理论模型；对该模型的人口动力学特征进行了分析，并以仅由二个城市构成的最简单城市系统人口迁移为特例，研究了该模型的实际解释

The axial and bending characteristis models the of the pneumatic pressure artificial muscle actuator were set up according to the energy conservation law and the infinitesimal deformation theory respectively, and simulation researches and experiments had been done for the characteristics of the actuator.

论文基于能量守恒与转换定律及最小形变原理建立了空气压人工筋驱动器的轴向驱动力学模型及弯曲转向特性模型，仿真计算了人工筋驱动器的驱动力学特性及弯曲转响特性，通过实验研究对理论模型进行了实验验证。

We have defined minimum structure function for the CSAMT inversion based on genetic algorithm, and have found the optimal value of the Lagrange multiplier μ=0.5. The designed models are H, A, K, Q and HKH, KHA. When the data is without noise or with 10% noise, the resulting resistivity models fit the true models well.

利用H、A、K、Q和HKH、KHA模型对方法进行了数值试验，在无噪和加入10％噪声情况下，反演结果与模型一致；加入20％噪声后，反演仍取得良好结果，与理论模型基本吻合。

Chapter 2: The chapter concentrates on the powerful instrument in studying the carrier transport properties—thermopower.. Starting with the base theory, the chapter discussed the thermoelectricity phenomenon in metal and semiconductor in detail, including the useful Mott formula, phonon drag effect (normal process and Umklapp process), abnormal thermopower in transition metal, two-band model, magneton scattering, and so on. To resolve the abnormal thermopower in low temperature, some theoretical models, such as the distortion of Fermi surface, resonant scattering, spin-bag model, were argued. Each of them has its limition.

第二章：对热电势这一研究物质载流子输运性质的手段进行了综述，从热电势的原理和基础理论研究开始，针对金属和半导体的热电势现象进行了详细讨论，包括研究工作中常用的Mott公式、声子曳引的正常过程和Umklapp过程、过渡金属异常的热电势现象、双带模型及磁子散射机制等等，对于低温下的异常散射机制讨论了声子曳引、费米面畸变、共振散射机制、自旋口袋模型等若干种理论模型及其局限性。

The researches in this paper are based on the abstract theoretic models which are more accordant with the reality of the electric power system than the classical Cournot model. The results will provide references for electric power producers to make optimal output decision.

本文的研究是建立在高度抽象的理论模型基础上的，所建的模型比经典Cournot模型更复杂也更贴近电力市场运行的实际情况，其结果可以为实际电力系统的政策制定者提供较好的参考作用。

The time space regularity of overlying strata movement and damage induced by coal mining was studied using the dynamic mechanics model. The developing regularty of faults and bed separation as well as surface subsidence caused by mining was analyzed based on the geological and mining conditions of working face 5306 in Xinglongzhuang Coal Mine. The data explaination using the model is more reasonable than that using other models. So it can be used in practical mining activities.

采用采动岩体动态力学模型，对采动引起的覆岩移动破坏的时空规律进行了研究，结合兴隆庄矿5306工作面的地质、开采条件，对采动引起的断裂带发育发展规律，岩体内部离层发生发展规律、地表下沉规律等问题进行了分析，并对观测结果作出了较以前的各种理论模型更为符合实际的解释，该模型可在实际工作中得到很好地应用。

The relational model is a particular type of theoretical model: it is a data model.

关联模型是一种特定类型的理论模型：这是一个数据模型。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。