理论概率

This paper presents a notion of airplane-flight pairing assignment cost as the evaluating index, and analyzes three compositions of the costs: flight direct operation cost, flight spill cost and amercement cost, then, educes flight direct operation costaccording to the cost theory lodged by the Air Transportation Association wor.

本文提出飞机-航班节分配成本的概念作为其评估指标，分析该成本的三个组成：航班直接运行成本、航班溢出成本和罚成本，并根据航空运输协会工作组提出的成本理论得出航班直接运行成本，构造旅客溢出的概率模型，引入罚成本的相关系数。

With method of radial tracing, path numbe ofmultipath and angle of incidence, times of reflection, attenuation, and delay werededuced based on the theory of stochastic.

根据随机过程的基本理论，采用射线追踪法，从电波散射和绕射原理，推导出高速移动台无线通信多径传播的径数、入射角、散射次数和衰减系数、多径传播路程和时延等的概率分布。

Finally, applications of the anomalous propagation of microwave in tropospheric ducts are discussed: in connection with concrete radar parameters, effects of ducts on radar range and detection performance are discussed, the results obtained are of great value for the overall design of radar systems; by use of the interference standards of ITU-R, the co-ordination area of satellite earth-station under tropospheric ducts environment is studied ; by explaining the relationship between evaporation duct and advection fog, a new way to forecast sea advection fog from evaporation duct is provided.

最后讨论了对流层大气波导环境下电波异常传播特性的应用：结合具体的雷达系统参数，模拟计算了大气波导对雷达作用距离及发现概率的影响，对雷达系统的总体设计具有重要的参考价值；对表面大气波导环境下的卫星地球站通信协调区域进行了确定，从理论上很好地给出了协调距离量级的概念，为卫星地球站与地面微波站之间的协调提供了依据和参考；分析了利用海面蒸发波导来快速预测平流海雾的新方法，完善了平流海雾的预报方法，对海上安全作业和生产具有重要的意义。

The approximation calculus formula of reliable on FCT was calculated by using abate probability being q Bernoulli test sequence, probability formula and property of increasing convex function.

应用概率理论推导出钻井油气层测试器系统的可靠度精确计算公式。

Both of them are the normal distance of the tangent plane at the check point on the limit state surface in the generalized stochastic space and the asymptotic formula for Laplace''s integral respectively.

提出了利用广义随机变量空间失效极限状态曲面上验算点处切平面法线和Laplace型积分渐近公式两种确定任意分布的荷载变量相关下结构的可靠指标的新方法，改进了现行防波堤失效概率计算理论。

This dissertation is devoted to studying the ruin theory on the dual risk model with several dividend rates and on the bidimensional perturbed risk model with or without stochastic disturbance, which includes the discounted expected function about the dual risk model with three dividend rates and the ruin probability on the bidimensional perturbed risk model.

本文致力于研究分多段分红的对偶风险模型及二维风险模型的破产理论，主要研究了分三段分红的对偶风险模型的折现红利的期望函数，并对带有扰动项的二维风险模型的破产概率做了研究。

A theoretical distribution that is a good approximation to the binomial distribution when the probability is small and the number of trials is large.

当概率小而试验次数大时逼近二项式分布的一个理论分布。

To improve the performance of image-denoising methods, a locally adaptive denoising algorithm was presented. The new algorithm assumed the statistical dependence among wavelet coefficients. First, a bivariate probability distribution model was introduced to model the statistics of wavelet coefficients, and corresponding nonlinear threshold function was derived from the model using the Bayesian estimation theory.

由于图像小波系数存在很大的层间相关性，引入双变量概率分布模型，基于贝叶斯估计理论，得到了相应的非线性阈值函数；基于层内局域方差估计，利用该收缩函数得到一种局域自适应的图像去噪算法。

The breaking-down probability corresponding different kilometers has been calculated by Mentocarlo method according to reliability theory.

依据可靠性理论，采用蒙特卡罗方法，分析了机车运行不同公里数所对应的抱轴箱破坏概率。

Assuming only a basic knowledge of probability and calculus, it covers the material in a mathematically rigorous and complete way at a level accessible to second or third year undergraduate students.

假定只有一个基本知识的概率和演算，它涵盖材料，在理论上严格和彻底的方式在一定的水平进入第二或第三个年头本科生。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。