理论上

The enlightenment campagne offered ideological and theoretical preparations for the Revolution, but there were great defects in the thinkers' theories of the enlightenment campagne. It was very difficult to realize those theories, and if they had been carried on, there would have been chaos and disasters.

启蒙运动为法国大革命提供了思想上、理论上的准备，但是法国启蒙运动思想家的理论不仅存在着巨大的缺陷和难以实现，而且一旦实施必将出现混乱和灾难。

Spectral element methods for partial differencial equation is introduced in this study from viewpoint of the collocation approximation of Chebyshev polynomial. Wave Equation and its space discretization are deduced. Two time integral methods, central difference method and implicit Newmark method, are introduced, and their stability and applicability are also discussed in some details. The significance of absorbing boundary conditions in spectral element methods for Aeroacoustics is explained, and Clayton-Engquist-Majda absorbing boundary conditions is emphasized and introduced, then the discrete scheme of this boundary conditions is deduced and applied to spectral element methods for wave equation.

本文从Chebyshev多项式逼近理论出发，详细介绍了谱元方法求解偏微分方程的过程；推导了流体中的声波动方程并在空间上对其进行了谱元离散；详细讨论了两种时间积分方法──中心差分法和Newmark方法，分析了它们的稳定性条件，并从理论上对比了两种方法的优缺点和适用范围；将吸收边界条件推广应用于谱元方法求解气动声学问题中，重点介绍了Clayton-Engquist-Majda吸收边界条件的原理和公式，推导了该吸收边界条件的变分形式，并将其引入波动方程的离散形式中。

On the basis of previous theory, the paper puts forward the organization pattern of cluster-based innovation, aiming at studying the deficiency of innovative resources of single company in middle-small enterprises cluster from the point view of theorem.

在已有理论的基础上，论文提出了集群式创新的组织模式，旨在从理论上研究集群内单个企业创新资源不足的问题。

This method overcome the problems of many supposition conditions in theory and difficulty in searching critical slip surface in 3D limiting equilibrium analysis; It uses the 3D FEM\'s stress field directly, differs from the practical value of 3D FEM strength reduction method used hypothesized load, and differs from the characteristic of the FEM with limiting equilibrium theory still to need to divide the columniation, and suppose the critical slip surface in advance.

该方法克服了三维极限平衡分析方法在理论上引入较多假设条件，且搜索临界滑裂面困难的问题；它直接采用三维有限元应力场，不同于三维有限元强度折减法基于虚拟荷载上得出的实用价值；同时异于沿用极限平衡理论的有限元法仍需要进行条柱划分，并事先假设滑裂面形状及位置的缺点。

Deflation has been paid close attentain to by academic circles and govern ment departments around the globe.On the basis of investigating the related literature of deflation at home and abroad,the auther of this paper puts emphasis on studying China"s deflation,including its cause of formation,mechanism of the formation and effectiveness of monetary policy during deflation by qualitative and quantitative analyses,positive and normative analyses,theoretical analysis and case confirmation;then points out the orientation of China"s monetary policy by raising the efficiency of monetary policy in the future and avoiding deflation.

本文在分析研究国内外在通货紧缩判断标准、形成机理、治理对策等方面研究方法及研究现状的基础上，采用实证分析与规范分析相结合，定性分析与定量分析相结合，理论概括与实践归纳相结合的方法，从多方位、多角度对产生中国目前通货紧缩的原因进行分析，从理论上梳理出中国目前通货紧缩形成的逻辑过程，并对通货紧缩时期货币政策的效果及未来货币政策的取向进行了深入分析和有效探索。

Chapter 2 is started from the basic theory of elastodynamics, the zero and the first order reflection and transmission coefficients of rough interface are derived in theory, and some numerical examples are given. Also dispersion characters of diffraction waves are discussed in the case of micro-rough interface in deep layers.

第二章从弹性动力学的基本理论出发，通过求解波动方程的定解问题，从理论上导出了地震波在粗糙界面上的零阶和一阶反射透射系数，并给出了数值算例；该章还讨论了深层微粗糙界面的绕射波的频散特征。

Also the problems of stochastic controllability, observability and stability of the filter are studied, a simple observability criterion for the time-invariant systems is set up, error band of the filtering is given theoretically, and the filtering stability results are proved under more general conditions; besides, the filtering error caused by uncorrect mathematical models is analysed.

本文还研究了随机能控能观性及滤波的稳定性问题，建立了结构简单的平稳定常系统的能观性判据，在理论上给出了滤波算法的误差范围，在更一般的条件下证明了最优滤波算法的稳定性；并从理论上分析了模型误差对滤波产生的影响。

This paper reveals the falseness of the pluralistic theory in three aspects, concluding that plu

指出，社会主义多元化理论在理论上是混乱的，政治上是反动的，而它之所以能欺骗人是因为运用了诡辩的手法。

Adaptive filter theory, method and advantages are expatiated based on the analysis of FOG principle, random signal process and statistical mathematics. Then the main algorithms of adaptive filter – LMS and RLS are analyzed in detail.

在分析了光纤陀螺的基本原理、随机信号与统计分析等数学理论的基础上，阐述了自适应滤波的原理、方法和意义，接着对自适应滤波中的LMS和RLS算法在理论上进行了详细的分析，针对VG941的数据特点进行软、硬件设计。

This paper have developed our nation independent innovation and the related domain fundamental research theoretically,and put forward the systemic and operational countermeasure to optimizes our country soft environment of independent innovation.

本文的研究和探索在理论上深化和发展了我国自主创新及其相关领域的理论研究；在实践上，对优化我国自主创新软环境提供系统、可操作的方法和对策。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。