理论

Having combination of the theory of truth degree in metrology of logic with the theory of ∑-α-tautologies in fuzzy logic, which have been introduced by professor G.J.Wang, the theory of ∑Γ-truth degree was introduced, and its properties which induce a pseudometric on F were investigated. The results gained have complemented and enhanced the original theory, and the work delivers a new frame for fuzzy reasoning.

将模糊命题逻辑中的∑-α-重言式理论与计量逻辑学中的真度理论相结合，在经典二值命题演算系统L中引入了公式相对于有限理论的∑Γ-真度理论，较为详细地讨论了它们的性质，并利用∑Γ-真度的性质在公式集F上引入了ρΓ-伪距离，对原有的理论进行了加强和补充，为在模糊命题逻辑系统的有限理论中讨论结论的程度化问题奠定了基础。

In the concrete fundamental research direction and the basic theory construction aspect, author mainly dissertates in Sinitic ,Openness and the time to develop the Marx social development theory ,and author mainly discusses the latter from the human culture, the cultural science and the institution culture to discuss.

在具体的理论研究方向和理论建构路径方面，前者我主要从马克思社会发展理论应从体现"中国化"、"开放性"和"时代性"三个方面给予论述，后者我主要从建构马克思主义社会发展理论的"人学"、"文化学"和"制度学"等三个理论视角对马克思社会发展理论研究的新路径方面给予详细的阐述。

The second chapter reviews the traditional theory of natural monopoly in the frame of classical economics, from economics of scales, economics of scopes and to subadditivity of cost, including the extension of"Marshall puzzle"and"theory of contestable markets". The third chapter analyzes the traditional theory of natural monopoly based on the new classical economics, and points out the achievements and the limitations.

我们把这一体系内的自然垄断理论称为传统自然垄断理论，主要经历了规模经济理论、范围经济理论以及成本次可加性理论，当然目前这一领域内还延伸出了马歇尔困境以及有效竞争理论等研究前沿。

And then this chapter proceeds to explore the cause of forming white-collar crime, emphasizes the theories of western white-collar crime including the Differential Association Theory, the Social Anomie Theory, the Subcultural Theory, the Theory of Citical Crime, A General Theory of Crime and takes advantage of their research findings to analyze the causes of Chinese white-collar crime in the social, individual and legal spheres according to the situation of our country on the stage.

进而深入探寻造成白领犯罪的成因，重点介绍了差异交往理论、社会反常理论、亚文化理论、批判犯罪理论、一般性犯罪理论等西方关于白领犯罪的成因理论，并借鉴其研究成果，根据我国现阶段情况从社会层面、个人层面、法律层面上对白领犯罪成因进行了剖析。

This paper are divided into five chapters, it includes: The first chapter introduces the conception and the characteristic of mineral resources, analyses the existing situation and the problems in the course of exploitation ,and opens out the reasons and the background of taxation and fee reform.The second chapter introduces the summary and the theory of the mineral resources taxation and fee, which contains the type、the trait and the general notion of resource taxation and fee、the value theory and the property right of mineral resources、the western communal article theory、the exterior theory and so on, to help us to understand the system deeply from the root of theory.The third chapter analyzes the differences about the taxation and fee institution between the home and abroad, as well as the inspiration for us.

论文正文共分五大部分，具体情况如下：第一部分研究分析了我国矿产资源现状及其开发利用情况与存在的问题，揭示了矿产资源税费制度改革研究的背景和原因；第二部分介绍了矿产资源税费概念和相关的理论基础，包括矿产资源价值理论、矿产资源财产权理论、西方的公共物品理论、"库兹涅茨"曲线理论等，从理论根源来深层次理解矿产资源税费制度的建立；第三部分进行了中外矿产资源税费制度的比较分析，包括中外矿产资源税费制度的具体介绍，分析了它们的不同及给我们的启示；第四部分研究分析了我国矿产资源税费制度存在的问题及其原因。

In this paper, the recent progress in magnetism theory was reviewed. The typical theories including RKKY, mean field theory, double exchange and bound magnetic polaron were elucidated in detail.

本文对近几年来ZnO基稀磁半导体磁性机理研究进展作一综述，着重阐述了代表性的RRKY理论、平均场理论、双交换理论和磁极子理论，对实验和理论方面的热点和存在问题作一评价，对磁性理论的研究提出了新思路。

It is a new attempt to study the development venation and style of the conflict theory from the angle of western political thinking theory .

从西方政治思想史的角度研究冲突理论的发展脉络及其模式是一种新的尝试，虽然社会学理论也曾试图对冲突理论进行历史性考察，但其理论根源通常是止于马克思，尽管存在对柏拉图等人的研究，但对他们的冲突理论的研究缺乏系统的归纳和整理，使他们的冲突理论依然没能独立出来，而且对他们之间的历史联系也未曾给予必要的关注。

Since it is established as an independent factor and the knowledge system about its generalness and general application is also established by scientific management theory and then becomes an organic part of traditional public administration theory, the uniformity in "management" among scientific management theory, the separation of politics and administration and rational bureaucratic organization theory constitutes management tradition of traditional public administration theory.

管理作为一个独立的功能要素的确立，到科学管理理论建立起关于管理的一般性和普适性知识体系并随之成为传统公共行政理论的有机成分，科学管理理论与政治－行政分离思想、理性官僚制组织理论在&管理&认识上的一致性，构成了传统公共行政理论的&管理&传统，这一传统在新公共管理范式中以具有哲学理论形态的&管理主义&或&新管理主义&的面貌出现，并赋予了&管理&以新的内涵。

After the Dempster-Shafer theory, the DSmT and the neutrosophic theory have been introduced, the multi-source information fusion based on belief assignment has been analyzed in this paper from different points of view, such as the quantitative information fusion and qualitative information fusion, the equally reliable information fusion and inequally reliable information fusion. To extend the fusion technology, the quantitative/qualitative neutrosophic belief assignment and combination rules have been proposed following the connection of DST, DSmT and neutrosophic theory.

本文在对DST(Dempster-Shafer Theory)理论、DSmT理论和中智理论进行了介绍后，从定量信息融合和定性信息融合，等可靠信息融合和非等可靠信息融合等多个角度，对基于信度理论的多源信息融合技术进行了分析，并将信度赋值理论与中智理论相结合，提出了定量中智信度和定性中智信度的表示方法以及组合规则，进一步扩展了信度赋值技术。

In this paper, the people of Marx's analysis from the perspective of social theory as an entry point to Marx's concept of civil society to define and textual analysis as its ide ... ological basis in order to Marx's theory of civil society, understood as the dual dimensions of ways of thinking, from Marx's theory of civil society, double dimension and its uniform understanding of the meaning of the theory of the ideological tension of civil society, revealing its people's theory, the liberation of the important role of theory and historical materialism to form ideas of this research.

本文以对马克思市民社会理论研究视角的分析为切入点，以马克思对市民社会概念界定和文本阐释为思想基础，以马克思对市民社会理论的双重维度的理解为思维方式，从马克思市民社会理论的双重维度及其统一意义上理解市民社会理论的思想张力，揭示其对人的理论、解放理论和唯物史观的重要作用，构成本文的研究思路。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。