理想精神的

ABSTRACT After the ebb-tide of the May 4th Movement, the Chinese modern thoughts and literary circles went from relative unity towards diversity Up to the 1930's, behind the spirit transformation at the end of the twenties, Chinese modern intellectuals began to relocate and redesign their own outlooks on life and literary ideal The Lunyu School, which was led by Zhou Zuoren and Lin Yutang, mostly appeared as leisure humorous essays in some journals, such as Lun Yu, Ren Jian Shi and Yu Zhou Feng which was edited by Lin Yutang It formed an unique landscape at that time This thesis focused on the Lunyu School as the main object of my study I investigate the Lunyu School by putting it into the vertical orbit of changes of the thoughts and literary circles after the May 4th Movement, and by comparing it with the mainstream of Left-wing and other literary schools in the thirties Through the exploration of Lunyu School's political and social thoughts, literary ideas and aspects of prose creation, I pursue the life choice of some free intellectuals in the thirties, and draw psychological outline of an age of intellectuals, which was very complicated and attractive during that specified time and space When we reconsider the rights and wrongs, the merits and demerits, and the gains and losses in theory and creations of Lunyu School intellectuals, any oversimplified study method would be of"no avail but the waste of mind"Unless ample estimation of their own complexity and contradiction is made, furthermore subtly delineates quite a lot of originates which caused these complexity and contradiction, the research will not be valuable In face of the whizzed coming Left-wing movement in literature, Lunyu School acted as a reconsideration in literary modernity such reconsideration is a layer of thinking They introspected intellectuals'essential mind and enlightened reason, querying the impulsive, swift and fierce ideological trend, judging by value in the relations between individuality and society, individuality and era, literature and politics.

五四落潮后，中国现代思想界、文学界由相对统一走向分化，至二十世纪三十年代，现代知识分子经由二十年代末期的精神蜕变，开始重新定位和设计自己的人生观和文学理想。以"京兆布衣"周作人为精神领袖、以林语堂为主帅的论语派，以幽默闲适小品文相号召，在林语堂主编的一系列刊物《论语》、《人间世》、《宇宙风》上聚集，南北呼应，造成了当时文坛的一种独特景观。本论文以论语派为研究对象，将其放在五四以后文学界与思想界变动的纵向轨迹上，放在与三十年代左翼主流话语的颉颃及与其它文学流派的比照中加以考察，通过对论语派政治社会思想、文学观念及散文创作诸方面的探讨，追索三十年代一部分自由知识分子的人生选择，勾划出他们在一个特定时空里复杂又极具魅力的心理轮廓。学术界对论语派中一些主要作家已有较深入的研究，但迄今为止，尚无从整体上对这一文学流派作宏观研究的专著，而陈旧的理论视界又往往阻碍了对论语派的重新评价。

The perfect neurosurgery operation anaesth is fast and equability,keep good sedative and analgesia effects,not increase intracranial pressure and cerebral metabolism,no nervous system adverse effects,patients awake fast after use anesthetic,and not excited or psychiatric symptom or respiratory depression or remain drug action.

天津市宁河县医院麻醉科，天津 300060）摘要：理想的神经外科手术麻醉要求诱导过程迅速平稳，维持过程镇静、镇痛好，不增加颅内压和脑代谢，无神经系统不良反应，停药后清醒迅速且无兴奋及精神症状，无呼吸抑制及残余药物作用。

Side effects were assessed with the treatment emergent symptom scale,the extrapyramidal symptom ratin...

结果 ：4组间疗效差异无显著性，不良反应差异却有非常显著性。结论：利培酮 2～ 4mg是治疗精神分裂症的理想剂量。

Rooted in Chinese modernization practice, deriving from Chinese traditional values, drawing the reasonable thoughts of pragmatism, developing the usefulness and discarding the uselessness of the value concept of the western market economy, Collectivism values under socialist market system is the perfect integration and high unity of individual and group、the interest of individual and collective, can be interpreted as follows: relation between individual and collective interest is the nucleus, mutual interests is the premise, impartiality and justice is the lever, utilitarian principle is the motive power, dedicatative spirit is the direction, competition and practice is the means, common prosperity is the realistic pursuit, Communism is the goal. It is no doubt that collectivism will play an important role in Socialist modernization construction, stimulate Chinese creative enthusiasm, enrich social material and spiritual wealth, stride to the boundary ideal society of"The United Body of Free Man".

植根于社会主义现代化实践，渊源于中国的传统文化、汲取了实用主义的合理思想，扬弃了西方市场经济的价值观念，以个人与集体利益关系为轴心，以互利互惠为前提，以公平和公正为杠杆，以功利原则为动力，以奉献精神为导向，以竞争务实为实现手段，以共同富裕为现实追求，以共产主义为价值指归，实现了个体与群体、个人利益与集体利益的完满结合和高度统一的社会主义市场经济条件下的集体主义价值观，必将对我国社会主义现代化建设发挥重要的价值导向作用，必将以其特有的功能激发起人们的创造热情，丰富社会的物质和精神财富，以最终向着"自由人联合体"的理想社会境界迈进。

Before marriage, platonic love is best.

结婚之前，精神恋爱是最理想的。

"Frankness and Pragmaticism, Development and Innovation", reflecting the spirit and character, ideals and will of Hangang people.

"坦诚务实开拓创新"体现了韩钢人的精神风貌和理想意志。

The ideal values of the urban drops from divine spiritual fields to common customs, the holy temples, former urban's spiritual symbolics are replaced by skyscrapers, pillars, speedways and intersections.

城市的理想价值从神圣的精神领域又重跌到世俗领域，原先作为城市精神象征的圣殿规模缩小了，取而代之的是摩天大楼的工业庞然大物，混凝土、钢铁和玻璃的柱子、高速公路、立交桥以其咄咄逼人的架势主宰着城市景观的价值体系——城市原有的历史厚重感、文化魅力被无情铲平，城市失去沉甸甸的历史底韵之后，不再是市民魂牵梦绕的家园。

Just in this sense, the literary practice in those seventeen years manifested the sharp historic dialectical spirits and made any simplified true-false judgment be shallow and puerile before the real historic reality.

当然，这并不是说作为其创作成果的文学文本的精神情感取向与作家自觉意识到的政治理想、政治价值就没有任何断裂之处，对于那个时代来说，真正具有典型意义的恰恰在于政治理性对这一断裂的清醒监控，正是在这个意义上，17年的文学实践表现出了深刻的历史辨证精神，使任何简单化的对错判断在真实的历史现实面前失之浅薄和幼稚。

Just in this sense, the literary practice in those seventeen yearsmanifested the sharp historic dialectical spirits and made any simplified true-false judgment be shallow and puerile before the real historic reality.

当然，这并不是说作为其创作成果的文学文本的精神情感取向与作家自觉意识到的政治理想、政治价值就没有任何断裂之处，对于那个时代来说，真正具有典型意义的恰恰在于政治理性对这一断裂的清醒监控，正是在这个意义上，17年的文学实践表现出了深刻的历史辨证精神，使任何简单化的对错判断在真实的历史现实面前失之浅薄和幼稚。

To be specific, the thesis will take the novelist and his works as an integer by putting them into the transformation of the society, its social-historical thoughts and culture context, by observing the novelist and his works from thoughts resources to the development, from the thematic diachronic evolvement to the synchronic cultural comparison, from the innate writing talents to the unavoidable psychological dilemma, and therefore, grasp the research object wholly.

寻根探源历来是研究作家创作思想的重要方法和不可或缺的步骤，但当前对张炜小说创作&思想资源&的研究却不多见。本文认为，张炜小说创作的&思想资源&多元而丰富：儒家文化的入世情怀与仁爱思想，道家文化的天人合一与自为自在精神，鲁迅的启蒙观念与理性精神，俄国文学的道德理想与苦难意识，民间文化自由与奔放的人间情怀，及以&焦虑&、&绝望&为认知特征的现代西方哲学等等，都对张炜小说创作思想的形成、发展产生了重要影响。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。