球面

When processing data in controlling survey, we usually project twice (land surface→according to ellipsoid plane→gauss projection plane) and it brings about Deformed projection twice too. It is not good for large scale mapping and setting-out of project construction.

控制测量在数据处理时，通常要进行两次投影（地面→参考椭球面→高斯投影平面），也相应地产生两次投影变形，不利於大比例尺测图和工程施工放样。

Spherical roller bearings are double-row, self-containing units that comprise solid outer rings with a concave raceway, solid inner rings and barrel rollers with cages.

球面滚子轴承是双列，自我包含的单位，包括坚实的外圈与凹面滚，固体和内圈与辊每桶笼。

Bearing and shaft fastening methods are: the outer sleeve with eccentric spherical bearing, the eccentric sets Presentation at the bearing inner ring of the eccentric stage, along the axis of rotation direction of tightening eccentric sleeve, and then wrench tighten the screw Hexagon eccentric sleeve on the set screws can be.

轴承与轴的紧固方法是：对带偏心套的外球面轴承，将偏心套套在轴承内圈的偏心台上，沿轴的旋转方向拧紧偏心套，再用内六角螺钉扳手拧紧偏心套上的紧定螺钉即可。

Finally, the paper provides the checking computations of themost dangerous cases of the cast ball-and-socket support node planned to be use in thedouble-layer reticulated dome roof of Laoshan Cycling Gymnasium for BeijingOlympic Games. The node under most dangerous cases is analyzed by ANSYS7.0 toget the distribution of stress and assurance coefficient. All these results can be thetheoretical warranty for the use of project of Beijing Olympic Games

最后，对北京奥运会老山自行车馆双层球面网壳柱脚拟采用的铸钢球铰支座节点在最不利工况下节点承载力进行了验算，并通过ANSYS7.0对节点在最不利工况下的应力分布进行分析得出了节点在这些工况下的安全系数从而为在北京奥运会老山自行车馆工程中使用这些节点提供了理论依据。

Having absorbed all advantages from exotic machines and designed according to the standard of ASME, this harrow has adopted combined structure whose rigid frame is welded with square tube, equipped with hydraulic up-and-down road wheels, spring leveling device and sealed bearing with spheroid outer surface and square inner hole special for disc harrow.

此耙吸收了国外同类先进产品的优点，按部颁标准设计，整机采用组合式结构，以方型焊接管整体式钢性耙架为主体，配有液压起落运输轮，弹簧调平机构和圆盘耙专用的外球面内方孔密封滚动轴承，结构合理、坚固耐用，运输方便，回转半径小，易于调整，便于维护保养，是目前国内先进的圆盘耙产品。

Mercator is the type of projection you see used on Live maps and Google maps, but as many often mistakenly thinks, they do NOT use WGS84 for the projected map, although WGS84 is used when you directly input longitude/latitude values using their API.

Live Map和Google Map都使用墨卡托投影，但并不像人们认为的那样他们使用WGS84基准面，虽然你在他们的API中输入的值是WGS84下的值。【译注：原因是WGS84基准面是基于椭球面的，而LiveMap和GoogleMap使用的是球面。另外，YahooMap使用的是等距圆柱投影。

This paper discusses in detail the range of lon gitude of ascending node of the orbits, by which point and area targets can be c o vered in different conditions by considering the disturbance of the earth shape J2 using a sphere triangle method, and provides a whole analytic expressio n.

利用球面三角方法详细讨论了在考虑地球形状J2项的摄动影响时，各种情况下能覆盖目标点的轨道的升交点经度范围，并将其推广到对区域目标的覆盖，给出了完整的解析表达式。

In chapter 3, the characteristics of relative motion of small satellite based on ground station are firstly analyzed, in which using spherical trigometry, the analytic formulas evaluating the longitude ranges of ascending node which can cover the target are deduced with J2 precession. With the solution, the longitude ranges of ascending node limited by the cross-time can be gained. Secondly, a serious of characteristics of small satellite to space station is studied.

在第3章，首先分析了卫星相对地基的运动特性，在地基的运动特性研究中，重点研究了以升交点地理经度来描述所有能覆盖到目标点的轨道，利用球面三角形方法推导了在考虑地球形状J2项摄动影响时，各种情况下能覆盖目标点的轨道升交点经度范围，得到了完整的解析表达式。

Lenses are optical elements with 2 refractive surfaces. These can be centered sphericalally, rotationally

这些透镜是有中心的，如球面的或旋转对称的，而不是非旋转对称的。

Based on the Kolmogorov spectrum, the expressions are derived for time-averaging factors associated with atmospheric scintillations of unbounded plane wave and spherical wave, in the weak turbulence regime.

基于科尔莫戈罗夫谱，导出了弱湍流起伏区无限平面波和球面波的大气闪烁时间平滑因子的一般表达式，并且用几何光学近似得到了在大孔径和小孔径接收情况下的时间平滑因子近似表达式。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。