球杆菌

A parasitic disease of many animals, including cattle, swine, sheep, dogs, cats, and poultry, but rarely of human beings, resulting from infestation of the alimentary canal by protozoans of the order Coccidia.

球杆菌许多动物，包括牛、猪、羊、狗、猫与家禽的由寄生虫引起的病，但人类罕见，由球孢子菌的原生动物经由营养管道的感染而引起

Compared with the Giant panda in captivity, the predominantintestinal florae of Giant panda returned to wild were still enterobacteria(Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Proteus, Salmonella, Yersinia enterocolitica), enterococcus and lactobacillus after Giant Panda had been returned to wild for a week.

与圈养大熊猫相比，放归大熊猫在放归一周后，肠道正常菌群中优势菌群仍为肠杆菌(大肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌、变形杆菌、沙门氏菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌)，肠球菌和乳杆菌，但细菌数量即开始发生了一定变化，表现在肠球菌数量明显增加，乳杆菌数量明显减少，肠杆菌数量有轻微减少，到采样后期，肠球菌数量超过肠杆菌；另外，放归大熊猫粪样中芽抱杆菌和酵母菌的检出率较高，分别为60%和40%。

Fluorescent instruments.the colonies of the specimens yielding growth were identified by the vitek32 instruments and kb method was used for the drug sensitivity tests.results three hundred and thirtyone bacteria strains were isolated from a total of 3104 blood culture specimens,with a positive rate of 10.7%.of the identified bacteria,g+ cocci accounted for 50.3%,g-bacilli accounted for 44.7%,fungi accounted for 3.0%,and anaerobian accounted for 1.1%.the susceptibility rates of g-bacilli to imipenem,amikacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam were high.the susceptibility rate of g+ cocci to vancomycin and imipenem were also high.conclusion g+ cocci prevail over g-bacilli in the blood specimens.the staphylococci are the chief bacteria in the childrens blood specimens.both g+ cocci and g-bacilli are sensitive to imipenem.

结果 在3 104份血液培养标本中分离出病原菌331株，阳性检出率为10.7%。病原菌以革兰阳性需氧球菌居首位（50.3%），革兰阴性需氧杆菌次之（44.7%），真菌占3.0%，厌氧菌占1.1%。血液培养中的g+球菌对万古霉素和亚胺培南较为敏感，g-杆菌对亚胺培南、舒普深、丁胺卡那较为敏感。结论血液培养病原菌以g+球菌为主，g-杆菌次之；儿童血液培养病原菌以葡萄球菌属为主；亚胺培南对g+球菌和g-杆菌均具有较高的敏感率。

The research isolated a strain of pantomorphic Gram-negative coccobacillus from the lung and amygdale of a pig, which has serious typical I Porcine Contagious pleuropneumonea, by use the plate of ox brain heart infusion bouillon and chocolate medium.

本研究采用以牛脑心浸液为基础的液体培养基和巧克力平板接种方法，从某猪场典型传染性胸膜肺炎症状猪的肺脏和扁桃体中分离到1株具有多形性的革兰氏阴性球杆菌。

Moraxella osloensis is an aerobic, oxidase-positive, gram-negative coccobacillus.

Moraxella osloensis是一种嗜氧、会产生氧化酶的革兰氏阴性球杆菌。

Three hundred and fifty-nine strains of bacterium and fifty-seven strains of yeast isolated from foregut, hindgut, coelomic liquid and body surface of Stichopus japonicus were studied for biochemical activities.

从刺参Stichopus japonicus前后消化管、体腔液和表皮上所分离到的359株细菌分别属于弧菌属、假单胞菌属、奈瑟氏球菌属、不动杆菌属、柄杆菌属、黄杆菌属、节杆菌属、微球菌属、黄单胞菌属、棒杆菌属、产碱菌属这十一个主要菌属；57株酵母菌分别属于球拟酵母属、红酵母属、隐球酵母属和德巴利氏酵母属四个属。

The results showed that at the anaerobic phase, the PHB concentration in the cell and orthophosphate concentration of the anaerobic effluent obviously increased, the poly-P concentration in the cell decreased, and the cucci and bacilli with a size of 1.0~1.5 μm were dominant and formed grapy cellular cluster. At the anoxic phase, the PHB concentration and orthophosphate concentration decreased significantly, the amount of poly-P increased, and the elliptical cucci of 0.5~1 μm and spheral bacilli of 1.0~1.5 μm were dominant. At the aerobic phase, the PHB and orthophosphate concentration almost reduced to zero, the poly-P increased significantly, cucci appeared single or in pair, and the contour of sphere was blur and almost disappeared.

试验结果表明，在厌氧阶段，微生物细胞内PHB的量大幅提高，上清液中磷酸盐的含量上升，聚磷酸盐含量明显下降，粒径为1～1.5 μm、呈球状和棒状的菌群构成的葡萄状细胞簇占居优势；在缺氧阶段，微生物细胞内PHB的量下降，上清液中磷酸盐含量下降，聚磷酸盐含量上升，粒径为0.5～1 μm的椭球菌与1.0～1.5 μm的球杆菌占优势；在好氧阶段，微生物细胞内PHB的量较低或接近零，上清液中磷酸盐的含量接近零，聚磷酸盐含量明显上升，此时粒径1.0～1.5 μm的球菌以单个或成对出现，球菌不再饱满，呈现接近消失的状态。

Methods From Feb 2006 to Jun 2006,188 hospitalized children in Shenzhen children s hospital, were collected deep tracheal aspirate at the time of hospitalization. The respiratory tract secretions were immediately sent for bacterial culture with 3 kinds of medium:ordinary medium, Hemophilus influenzae selective medium, Streptococcus penumoniae selective medium. Then we extracted the total nucleic acids from secretions, and detected Mycoplasma pneumoniae by single fluorescent quantitation PCR. Simultaneously, 14 respiratory tract pathogenic bacterium and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were detected by Target Enriched multiplex PCR. Amplification products were identified by the Luminex100 suspension array.

确诊为社区获得性肺炎的患儿188例，在入院当天采集深部呼吸道吸引物，用普通培养基和肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌选择性培养基进行细菌培养，然后提取深部呼吸道吸引物中病原体的DNA，采用荧光定量单PCR的方法检测肺炎支原体，并对同一标本采用靶序列富集多重PCR技术同时扩增肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、嗜肺军团菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼氏不动杆菌、脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌、奇异变形杆菌、化脓链球菌、粪肠球菌及屎肠球菌14种呼吸道病原菌和肺炎支原体的靶基因，扩增产物用Luminex100多功能悬浮点阵仪检测。

Meanwhile other lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus bifermentum, Lactobacillus acetotolerans, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus casei, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Pediococcus acidilactici, Leuconostoc were also identified.

同时也分离到植物乳杆菌、双发酵乳杆菌、耐酸乳杆菌、弯曲乳杆菌、卷曲乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、戊糖片球菌、乳酸片球菌、明串珠菌等多种乳酸细菌和德巴利氏酵母、球拟酵母等微生物。

It was found that 0.25%o potassium sorbate produced a positive inhibition against short G+ spore bacillus with a concentration less than 5xl04cfu/ml. A concentration less than %o potassium sorbate hardly exerted a complete control towards short G- plump bacillus having a population density of 5x104cfu/ml. It was proved that use of l% potassium sorbute never controlled the growth of G+ coccus, G~ spirilla and enterobacter with a population density of 104cfu/ml. 1mmol EDTA completely controlled the growth of G+ short spore bacillus and G+ coccus whose cell density was 5xl04cfu/ml. A level of lmmol EDTA showed a limited inhibition against the growth of G- spirilla with a population density of 105 cfu/ml. However, a level of 10mmol EDTA completely controlled the growth of the G- spiral bacteria having a population density of 105cfu/ml. lOmmol EDTA produced a very significant control towards the growth of G"" plump short bacillus with 105cfu/ml. 20mmol EDTA showed a remarkable inhibition against the enterobacter with a population density of 105cfu/ml. Different concentrations of nisin including 25mg/mL, 50mg/mL, 75mg/mL and 100mg/mL were used as bio-preservative to examine its effects against the growth of all strains leading to the spoilage of fresh mutton meat. It was seen that there was a big difference in nisin's concentrations in inhibiting the spoiling bacteria. Generally speaking, as more as 75mg/mL of nisin significantly inhibited the growth of G+ short spore bacillus, G-plump short bacillus, enterobacter, G'spiral bacteria and G+ coccus having a population density of 105cfu/ml.

分别运用山梨酸钾、EDTA和Nisin对7种主要引起羊肉腐败的微生物进行了抑菌实验，结果显示，0.25‰以上山梨酸钾能够有效抑制5×10~4 cfu／mL以下的革兰氏阳性短芽孢杆菌的生长；1‰以下的山梨酸钾不能完全抑制5×10~4 cfu／mL革兰氏阴性粗短杆菌的生长，对10~4 cfu／mL革兰氏阳性球菌菌株、革兰氏阴性螺旋菌菌株和肠杆菌菌株抑制效果不太明显。1mmoL EDTA能完全抑制住小于10~5 cfu／mL革兰氏阳性短芽孢杆菌菌株、革兰氏阳性球菌菌株的生长，能明显的抑制10~5 cfu／mL的革兰氏阴性粗短杆菌菌株生长，对10~5 cfu／mL的革兰氏阴性螺旋菌菌株有一定的抑制作用。10mmoL EDTA能完全抑制住10~5 cfu／mL革兰氏阴性螺旋菌菌株的生长；能明显抑制10~5 cfu／mL的革兰氏阴性粗短杆菌菌株的生长，而20 mmoL EDTA能很明显抑制10~5 cfu／mL肠杆菌菌株的生长。25mg／mL、50 mg／mL、75 mg／mL和100 mg／mL的Nisin几乎对所有引起羊肉的腐败菌有抑制作用，但抑制程度不同，抑菌活性有一定的变化。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。