球囊

Tetraploid embryos could be produced by electrofusion at the stage of two-cell embryos, which could develop to blastocysts followed by fusion of cytoplasm and nucleus and cleavage in vitro. During the fusion of cytoplasm, the DNA methylation levels of the fused embryos are as high as these of two-cell diploid embryos in vivo Then the embryos are rapidly demethylated when the nucleus begin to fuse, resulting in the lowest DNA methylation levels when the nucleus are fused completely. After that, the DNA methylation levels of the fused embryos are gradually increased until the morula stage. However, whereas an asymmetric distribution of DNA methylation is established in vivo-derived blastocysts with a higher methylation level in the inner cell mass than that in the trophectoderm, we can not detect the asymmetric distribution in most in vitro-derived tetraploid blastocysts.

结果表明：利用电融合方法制备的小鼠四倍体胚胎在体外培养体系中经历细胞质融合、细胞核融合及细胞继续分裂发育直到囊胚期的过程，在细胞质融合的时候胚胎卵裂球同体内体外培养二倍体胚胎一样，呈现高度甲基化状态；在细胞核开始融合的时候，甲基化水平急速下降，在细胞核完全融合的时候甲基化水平达到最低点；随着胚胎继续分裂，胚胎甲基化水平逐渐增加，在桑葚胚期甲基化水平最高；但是囊胚期四倍体胚胎内细胞团同滋养层细胞甲基化荧光信号没有差别，这与体内体外培养二倍体囊胚内细胞团细胞甲基化荧光强度高于滋养层细胞甲基化荧光强度不同。

Tetraploid embryos could be produced by electrofusion at the stage of two-cell embryos, which could develop to blastocysts followed by fusion of cyto-plasm and nucleus and cleavage in vitro. During the fusion of cytoplasm, the DNA methylation levels of the fused embryos are as high as these of two-cell diploid embryos in vivo Then the embryos are rapidly demethylated when the nucleus begin to fuse, resulting in the lowest DNA methylation levels when the nucleus are fused completely. After that, the DNA methy-lation levels of the fused embryos are gradually increased until the morula stage. However, whereas an asymmetric distribu-tion of DNA methylation is established in vivo-derived blastocysts with a higher methylation level in the inner cell mass than that in the trophectoderm, we can not detect the asymmetric distribution in most in vitro-derived tetraploid blastocysts.

结果表明：利用电融合方法制备的小鼠四倍体胚胎在体外培养体系中经历细胞质融合、细胞核融合及细胞继续分裂发育直到囊胚期的过程，在细胞质融合的时候胚胎卵裂球同体内体外培养二倍体胚胎一样，呈现高度甲基化状态；在细胞核开始融合的时候，甲基化水平急速下降，在细胞核完全融合的时候甲基化水平达到最低点；随着胚胎继续分裂，胚胎甲基化水平逐渐增加，在桑葚胚期甲基化水平最高；但是囊胚期四倍体胚胎内细胞团同滋养层细胞甲基化荧光信号没有差别，这与体内体外培养二倍体囊胚内细胞团细胞甲基化荧光强度高于滋养层细胞甲基化荧光强度不同。

The second was to compare the effects of the different floating liquids on the destruction of rabbit coccidia oocysts. The results indicated that magnesium sulfate solution showed the lowest rate of coccidia oocyst destruction at 20 min; saturated salt water had the greatest rate of destruction. The destruction increased with time; in the saturated salt water and urea solution damage or deformation of a few coccidia oocysts at were observed 60 min.

其二，不同漂浮液对兔球虫卵囊破坏作用比较；结果表明20min时硫酸镁溶液对卵囊破坏率最低，破坏率最大的是饱和食盐水，随着时间延长各种破坏作用增大，60min时饱和食盐水和尿素溶液中有极少卵囊破损和卵囊变形现象。

In the experiments of artificial infection three of four 12-day-old coccidia-free goslings were died after inoculated with mix oocysts of 5×10~4. Pure oocyst...

通过单种卵囊接种试验获得了5种球虫的纯种卵囊并对它们的一些生物学特征进行了观察，为这些球虫的生活史和致病性研究奠定了基础。

Study the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the liver of rabbits infected with Eimeria stiedai, the concentration of nitric oxide in the serum、the coccidian oosysts per gram feces ,Score the pathologies according to anatomic structures of rabiits'livers and micoscopic pathological changes. So as to study the effect of exogenous NO and NOS of the rabbits infected with E.stiedai. The results showed that when the rabbits were infected with E.stiedai, the activity of iNOS in the liver and the concentration of NO in the serum gradually increased and they both reached the peak after 12 days in the control group , GTN and GSNO groups.

为了探讨外源性一氧化氮和一氧化氮合酶在家兔球虫感染时的作用，本试验以腹腔注射的途径给予感染斯氏艾美耳球虫的家兔NO供体硝酸甘油和亚硝基谷胱甘肽，对球虫感染家兔诱导型一氧化氮合酶活性、血清中NO的浓度、每克粪便的球虫卵囊数、肝的剖检和镜下病变及其病变计分进行了研究。

Using single oocyst infected techniques, three strains of Eimeria tenella, PT0705, FQ0709 and LJ0711, were obtained from classically symptomic coccidian chicken in Putian, Fuqing and Lianjiang Couties, Fujian Province. In order to compare their toxicity against chicken, healthy chicken of 14th-day and 21th-day were artificially infected with 1×104, 5×104 and 10×104 coccidian oocysts of PT0705, FQ0709 and LJ0711, respectively. The results showed that the strain PT0705 was the most toxic to tested chicken based on the clinical symptom, survival rate, weight increment and lesion grade investigations.

采用单卵囊分离技术，从福建省莆田市、福清市和连江县等地鸡场采集的病鸡盲肠内容物样品中，分离获得3株(PT0705、FQ0709、LJ0711)柔嫩艾美耳球虫纯种；为比较这三种虫株对雏鸡的毒性，分别用1×104、5×104和10×104个孢子化卵囊的剂量感染14日龄和21日龄健康无球虫感染雏鸡，通过临床表现、死亡率、增重情况、病变计分等指标比较，发现PT0705虫株呈现最强毒性。

To identity the strains of Eimeria conserved in our laboratory are purebred,11 strains of 6 Eimeria species were separated by single-oocyst method and infected chicken of 1—5 days old.

为了建立鸡球虫纯株，选用1~5日龄雏鸡，采用琼脂块单卵囊分离法对实验室保存的6种11株鸡球虫进行纯化，并选用2周龄雏鸡，对每个虫种/株选取1个单卵囊分离物进行增殖和种类鉴定。

Analysis of mitochondrial DNA composition of the panda-rabit cloned embryos found that mitochondria from both panda somatic cells and rabbit ooplasm co-existed in early blastocyst, but mitochondria from rabbit ooplasm decreased and those from panda donor cells dominated in early fetuses after implantation.

结果显示，应用卵裂球电融合方法可以制作一系列的多倍体胚胎；小鼠囊胚的形成与胚胎中的细胞数目无直接关系，卵裂球的电融合和染色体数目的增加不会改变胚胎的发育进程；而胚胎细胞中的核／质比可能是控制胚胎囊胚化的一个重要因素。

The results were as follows: Compared with control group, the weight and the relative weight of thymuses, bursas of Fabricius and spleens of experiment group increased significantly(P＜0.05) or extremely significantly(P＜0.01). In experiment group, the cortex of thymic lobule, bursa nodule and Periarterial Lymphatic Sheaths thicken obviously; the volume of bursa nodule, splenic nodule and ellipsoid augmented, and the germinal center of splenic nodule were obvious; the thymic corpuscle increased; the plica of bursas of Fabricius developed well and the degenerating of it retarded.

结果表明：试验组鸡胸腺、腔上囊、脾的重量和器官指数均高于对照组，差异显著(P＜0.05)或极显著(P＜0.01)；试验组的胸腺小叶皮质增厚，胸腺小体增多；腔上囊皱襞发达，腔上囊小结体积大，皮质较厚，退化延缓；脾的动脉周围淋巴鞘增厚，脾小结体积大，生发中心明显，椭球增大。

Tenella YL attenuated strain were used to infect chickens perorally, then the abundant sporulated oocysts were collected by saturated saline floating measure. The size of the attenuated oocysts was about 19.8~21.2×15.5~16.6μm and the conformation of the strains were integral. 4 The prepatent period of E.

tenella YL减毒株孢子化卵囊经口服感染鸡，用饱和食盐水漂浮法能够收集得到球虫孢子化卵囊，杂质少，形态完整，减毒株卵囊的大小为19.8~21.2×15.5~16.6μm。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了