球卵

The average amplification efficiency of single blastomere was 89.7％ and the average allele drop-out rate was 14.4％.

单个卵裂球平均扩增效率为89.7％，等位基因脱扣(allele drop-out， ADO)率为14.4％。

One embryonic cell can be separated into many blastomere cells. As be the nuclear donor of the embryonic cell nuclear transfer, it can breed the number of eminent species largely, increase the number of endangered animals, supply large number of supply same genotype animals, improve the efficiency of gene transfer and sex control and offer same genotype apparatus or organ for human transplant.

一个早期胚胎细胞可以分离多个卵裂球，以此作为核供体进行胚胎细胞核移植，可以大量扩繁优良品种的数量，增加濒危动物的数量，为科学研究提供大量遗传同质的动物，提高转基因和性别控制技术的效率，提供基因型相同的器官或组织供人类移植。

Methods The high frequency mutation region G380R of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3(FGFR3) gene was amplified by nested PCR with single lymphocyte and single blastomere.

采用巢式 PCR扩增单淋巴细胞及单卵裂球的成纤维细胞生长因子受体 3基因的高发突变位点 G380 R区域，用限制酶 Bfm 消化 PCR产物，10 %聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测。

Use of a "cloning" procedure known as "artifical twinning" or "blastomere splitting" to create several genetically identical embryos from one, so long as the resulting embryos are experimented on and discarded instead of being transferred to the womb.

使用"克隆"程序称为"人工配对"或"卵裂球分裂"制造基因相同的胚胎数由一、只要是试行并导致胚胎被丢弃而不移送的子宫。

The blastula formation whose embryos were from different sources was compared and the blastomere number, quality classification and the relationship between the parity of the blastomere number and the blastula formation at d 3 were studied.

比较不同来源胚胎囊胚形成情况和d3胚胎的卵裂球数、质量分级等；并利用废弃胚胎囊胚形成情况对体外受精妊娠结局进行预测。

Methods Multiplex nested PCR was used to amplify the sex linked amelogenin and IL-3 genes from human single lymphocytes and single blastomere.

方法取成人外周血单个淋巴细胞和单卵裂球，采用多重巢式多聚合酶链技术同时扩增性别相关基因Amelogenin基因和IL-3基因。

Porcine was acted as the experimental animal. It was researched on problem of the origin of obtaining early embryonic cells, methods of separating blastomere cells, best parameter and order of ECNT embryo electric activation and system of ECNT embryo IVC, which was to find a scientific method of fitting ECNT and a procedure of fitting the lab producing embryos largely, optimize the procedure of ECNT and improve the ECNT embryo in vitro.

本实验以猪为实验动物，对猪胚胎细胞核移植供体的来源、卵裂球细胞分离方法、核移植重建胚的电激活最佳参数、核移植受体的激活时序以及核移植重建胚体外培养系统相关问题进行了研究，旨在探索一种适用于猪胚胎细胞核移植的科学方法，提高猪胚胎细胞核移植胚胎的体外发育率，优化胚胎细胞核移植程序。

Interestingly, a monopolar spindle was assembled in each blastomere in the second cell cycle, and disjunction of duplicated chromosomes and the cleaage was preented, leading to the chromosome set doubling.

有趣的是，在第二个细胞周期中，每一个分裂球中都组装了一个单极纺锤体，同源染色体分离和卵裂被阻止，导致染色体组加倍。

The cells of the blastula called blastomeres also each receive a full diploid set of chromosomes.

这些囊胚细胞，称卵裂球，每个细胞都有一套二倍体染色体组。

Tetraploid embryos could be produced by electrofusion at the stage of two-cell embryos, which could develop to blastocysts followed by fusion of cytoplasm and nucleus and cleavage in vitro. During the fusion of cytoplasm, the DNA methylation levels of the fused embryos are as high as these of two-cell diploid embryos in vivo Then the embryos are rapidly demethylated when the nucleus begin to fuse, resulting in the lowest DNA methylation levels when the nucleus are fused completely. After that, the DNA methylation levels of the fused embryos are gradually increased until the morula stage. However, whereas an asymmetric distribution of DNA methylation is established in vivo-derived blastocysts with a higher methylation level in the inner cell mass than that in the trophectoderm, we can not detect the asymmetric distribution in most in vitro-derived tetraploid blastocysts.

结果表明：利用电融合方法制备的小鼠四倍体胚胎在体外培养体系中经历细胞质融合、细胞核融合及细胞继续分裂发育直到囊胚期的过程，在细胞质融合的时候胚胎卵裂球同体内体外培养二倍体胚胎一样，呈现高度甲基化状态；在细胞核开始融合的时候，甲基化水平急速下降，在细胞核完全融合的时候甲基化水平达到最低点；随着胚胎继续分裂，胚胎甲基化水平逐渐增加，在桑葚胚期甲基化水平最高；但是囊胚期四倍体胚胎内细胞团同滋养层细胞甲基化荧光信号没有差别，这与体内体外培养二倍体囊胚内细胞团细胞甲基化荧光强度高于滋养层细胞甲基化荧光强度不同。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。