玻璃质的

The thermal stability, Raman spectra, and upconversion luminescence spectra of lead halide-modified Tm~3+/Yb~3+-codoped tellurite glasses have been investigated, and the upconversion luminescence mechanism of Tm~3+/Yb~3+-codoped oxyhalide tellurite glasses were analyzed.

研究了卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃的热稳定性能、Raman光谱和上转换发光光谱，分析了Tm3+/Yb3+共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光机理。结果发现：混合卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃具有好的热稳定性能、低的声子能量、强的上转换蓝光。这表明混合卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃是一种上转换蓝光激光器的潜在基质材料

That if the process can produce much liquid phase during the sintering, and which can become into completely-crystal needle-shap or aborization or bar-shap calcium ferrite instead of glass in the cooling process; if the magnetite is interweaved by the caking into the melting corrosion structure, the granular structure or the eutectic structure instead of exiling in the massive isolation; if the mount of the poreis is little, and uniformitly distributing; if the grain is little; if the organizational structure is symmetrical, all of which can improve the quality of the sintering.

另外还归纳出有利于强度提高的工艺参数和操作制度。分析工业试验和水钢现行生产的矿物组成、结构表明，水钢烧结矿以他形晶磁铁矿为主，铁酸钙为主要的粘结相，多形成熔蚀结构、粒状结构和共晶结构，强度较高；而在台车边缘和表层，由于存在较严重边缘效应和点火温度较低，使该区域的烧结矿组织结构疏松，局部呈蜂窝状或薄壁大孔状，铁酸钙较少而硅酸二钙和玻璃质较多，形成骸晶状结构和磁铁矿连晶，强度较低，致使返矿升高。

Our main products are laminating line, insulating line, bending furnaces, straight-edge beveling machine, straight-edge grinding machine, shaped glass grinding machine, double-edge grinding machine, double-head profiling grinding machine, drying machine, washing and drying machine, large size tempered glass homogenizing furnace, sucker lifting devices and so on.

公司开发引进国际先进技术，生产、制造了技术性能可靠，质量一流的玻璃深加工设备及相关产品，促进和推动了我国玻璃深加工事业的发展。公司目前主要生产的玻璃深加工设备有：玻璃夹层生产线、双边磨、自动仿形磨边机、清洗干燥机、大型化学钢化炉、均质炉、吸盘吊架等多种玻璃深加工机械。

Our main products are laminating line, insulating line, bending furnaces, straight-edge beveling machine, straight-edge grinding machine, shaped glass grinding machine, double-edge grinding machine, double-head profiling grinding machine, drying machine, washing and drying machine, large size tempered glass homogenizing furnace, sucker lifting devices and so on.

公司目前主要生产的玻璃深加工设备有：玻璃夹层生产线、双边磨、自动仿形磨边机、清洗干燥机、大型化学钢化炉、均质炉、吸盘吊架等多种玻璃深加工机械。

X=0, 11, 22, 33, 44, and 55 borophosphate glasses series have investigated, and it is found that:(1) both the covalency bonding between Yb〓 ion and oxygen ion and the asymmetry in local structures surrounding Yb〓 ion have strong effects on integrated absorption cross section ∑〓 and emission cross section σ〓 of Yb〓 ion in borophosphate glasses;(2) the borophosphate glasses and borate glasses appear superior as Yb-gain media to the phosphate glasses, although the phosphate glasses have been demonstrated as the most appropriate Ndgain media.

在第二章中，我们对〓（x=0，11，22，33，44，和55）系列的掺Yb〓硼磷酸盐玻璃的吸收光谱和发射光谱特性进行了研究，结果表明：（1）在硼磷酸盐玻璃中，Yb-O键的共价键成分和Yb〓离子周围的近邻结构的对称性两个因素对积分吸收截面∑〓和受激发射截面σ〓的影响都很大；（2）尽管磷酸盐玻璃是最合适的掺钕激光增益基质，但是作为掺镱的激光增益基质，硼磷酸盐玻璃和硼酸盐玻璃都要优于磷酸盐玻璃。

All the glass components can be divided into three groups:hard glass components,such as fluorides;soft glass components,such as bromides,iodides,chalcogenides;and borderline glass components,such as chlorides.

所有的玻璃组成均可分为3类：硬质玻璃组分，如氟化物；软质玻璃组分，如溴化物、碘化物、硫系化物；中间玻璃组分，如氯化物。

The wave forms of the glass building are highlighted by a series of extruded aluminum brush finish mullions, following the vertical, curvilinear shape on the north and south facades.

玻璃建筑的波浪形状通过一系列的外突铝质粉刷竖框加以突出，依从北侧和南侧正面的垂直的、曲线的外形。

Water inside vacuum heat- collection tubes; since the hot medium inside vacuum tubes floats up and cold one goes down due to respective specific gravity, hot and cold mediums convections up and down to cause the heat conduction, furthermore transfer the heat to the related working medium in the heat tubes, the working medium sorbs the potential heat and becomes steam to rise up to the condensing section from the tube heat evaporating section; it emits the heat in condensing section to change again into liquid working medium; it flows back to evaporating section under the gravity action, the emitted heat is transferred into the water inside water tank or tube group by means of the heat-conduction through heat tubes condensing section; it makes the cold water in water tank into hot water in the repeated way.

阳光透过全玻璃真空集热管的外玻璃，照射到涂覆在内玻璃管外表面的选择性吸收涂层上，涂层将太阳的辐射能吸收并转化为热能，通过内玻璃管壁导热，传递给真空集热管内其液态传热介质，由于真空集热管内热的介质因比重小而上浮，冷的介质因比重大而下沉，冷热介质上下对流传热和导热，再通过热管的金属壁导热，将热量传递给热管内其相变工质，工质吸收汽化潜热而变成蒸汽，由热管蒸发段上升到冷凝段，在冷凝段放热冷凝，又变成液态工质，在重力作用下流回蒸发段，所放出的热量通过热管冷凝段金属管壁导热，传递给水箱或联集管内的冷水，周而复始，于是便将水箱内的冷水全部加热成热水。

A series of IImethods, including addtion of liquid petrolatum and glass beads and adjustment offlask loads and rotation speed of swing bed, was founded to be efficient in controllingthe concentration of dissolved oxygen in fermentation medium and enhancing thetransmission of substances.

通过添加液体石蜡封层、调节转速、装液量和添加玻璃珠的一整套手段有效地控制了发酵液的溶氧量，提高了传质效果，从而促进了菌体的生长和D-乳酸的生产。

Upstream has formed an annual output of 300,000 tons has a high-quality silicon mines, when the glass holding company Silicon Mine Ichang limited liability company is a large production base of raw materials of silica, there are two domestic beneficiation of silica sand advanced production lines, annual output of fine quartz sand 300000 t / a, is South Africa's largest silica sand base; mid-stream has a 450t / d, 500t / d float glass production lines and 600 / t self-cleaning glass substrate production line of the article, an annual output of float glass production capacity of 10 million weight boxes; downstream has a glass cover, TiO2 thin-film self-cleaning glass, tempered glass, insulating glass, such as a number of glass deep-processing production lines, processing 3 million square meters of glass products.

上游已形成拥有年产30万吨的优质硅矿，控股公司宜昌当玻硅矿有限责任公司是大型硅质原料生产基地，建有2条国内先进的硅砂选矿生产线，年产石英精砂30万t/a，属中南地区最大的硅砂基地；中游拥有450t/d、500t/d浮法玻璃生产线和600/t自洁玻璃基片生产线各一条，年产浮法玻璃1000万重量箱生产能力；下游拥有强化玻璃盖、TiO2薄膜自洁玻璃、钢化玻璃、中空玻璃等多条玻璃深加工生产线，年加工玻璃制品300万平方米。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。