现象学

We will point out this condition as the self-exposure of "Sein".

本文旨在对胡塞尔的超验现象学与海德格的诠释现象学方法做一比较与厘清。

In The Big Typescript, this dichotomy is detailed in his analysis of the temporal, spatial and genitive expressions, resulting in the distinction between the unspeakable"memory-time"(Ged〓chtniszeit) and the speakable"physical time", and that between the unspeakable"visual space" and the speakable"Euclidean space", etc;(4) From another perspective, the destruction of the conception of the "phenomenological language"could also be seen as the logical consequence of the radicalization of the one and the same conception, since this destruction does reinforce rather than weaken RLF's original intention of distinguishing the physical system from what are given in phenomena by demonstrating the incompatibility between this intention itself and the insistence on the speakability of the phenomena, which gives birth to the illusion of the"phenomenological language";(5) Nevertheless, what the radical distinction between the sense-data and the physical language (as the unique possible language) implies, according to Wittgenstein, is not that the latter has nothing to do with the former, but that the association between the two does not follow the"original sample-copy"pattern but the"screen-presenting-filmoperation"pattern, which indicates that phenomenon itself can be aroused by or included in-rather than to be described by-the physical language/system;(6) Thus Wittgenstein leads us to depart from the obsolete ambition of representing the immediately given data perfectly for a new destination where a comprehensive "perspicuity" of the"grammar"should be required and where his later philosophy is coming into being.

在《大打字稿》中，这一二分法在他对于时间表达式、空间表达式与人称表达式的分析中得到了细化，并导致了他对于"记忆时间"与"物理时间"的区分，以及对于"视觉空间"与"欧几里得空间"的区分，等等；(4)从另一个视角来看，维氏对于"现象学语言"观念的拆解也可以被视为同一观念在被加以彻底化后所导出的必然后果，因为这一拆解工作实际上乃是加强了，而不是削弱了他在写作《略论逻辑形式》时就已怀有的信念，即：必须将物理系统严格地区分于在现象中被直接给予的东西。换言之，维氏在这一拆解工作中所做的，只不过就是暴露了这一信念本身与对于现象之"可说性"的坚执之间的固有矛盾罢了——而所谓"现象学语言"的幻相，亦正是导源于上述坚执；(5)然而，根据维氏的本意，感觉予料与物理语言之间巨大的逻辑差异却并不意味着后者与前者毫无关联，而只是意味着两者之间的关系并不遵循着所谓的"原本—摹本"模式，而遵循的乃是"屏幕呈现—胶片运作"模式。

However, with the reluctance to give up the term "phenomenology" rapidly, he still kept using it temporarily in The Big Typescript by identifying it with "grammar", although this terminology didn't survive in the text of Philosophische Untersuchungen

但是，由于还不太情愿立即放弃"现象学"这个术语，维氏毕竟还是在《大打字稿》中暂时地保留了它，尽管此时"现象学"一词的含义已经被等同为"语法"了。而在《哲学研究》的文本中，甚至这种有限度的保留也被放弃了

By telling the "story" of Levinas' thought and Levinas in philosophical prospect, we reveal Levinas'"alterity"-"way" that it is based on and transcends phenomenology, and...

通过列维纳斯思想&故事&的&道&-&说&，以及哲学图景中的列维纳斯，显明其依托于现象学又超越现象学之&异&-&术&，以此敞开&主体间性空间&并与&他者&&面对面&。

By telling the "story" of Levinas\' thought and Levinas in philosophical prospect, we reveal Levinas\'"alterity"-"way" that it is based on and transcends phenomenology, and through it all Levinas opens up "the intersubjective space", and encountering "the Other" by "face to face" in it.

通过列维纳斯思想&故事&的&道&-&说&，以及哲学图景中的列维纳斯，显明其依托于现象学又超越现象学之&异&-&术&，以此敞开&主体间性空间&并与&他者&&面对面&。

He explains the basic principle of Saussure s linguistics in the view of phenomenology and expounds the phenomenology of language by integrating with his early theory of gestural expression.

对于语言的考察，可以说他是将索绪尔语言学的一些基本原则做了现象学的解释，并与自己早期的身体姿势表达理论结合起来，发展出了他的语言现象学思想。

On the other hand, from the positivism to historism, objectivism to relativism, in the course of development of philosophy of science has a lot of contradiction. That was the base of hermeneutical-phenomenological philosophy of science, because it offers many issues to be explored for hermeneutical-phenomenological philosophy of science and makes it birth necessarily.

二、科学哲学由实证主义发展到历史主义，由客观主义到相对主义，矛盾重重，为现象学-解释学科学哲学提供了许多要探讨的问题，使现象学-解释学科学哲学的诞生成为历史的必然。

It can be concluded that there are two defects of subjectivistic philosophy.

在海德格尔看来，尽管胡塞尔现象学特别是它的三个重要发现在挑战笛卡尔式的心物二元论、突破传统的真理和存在概念等方面具有重要的意义，但无论是从其理论内容本身来看，还是从胡塞尔对他本人的哲学与笛卡尔、康德等人的哲学的关系的自我陈述来看，胡塞尔现象学都可以说是未脱近代主体性哲学之窠臼。

The ontological devoid of subjectivistic philosophy constituted firstly by the neglect of the problem of the mode of being of subject, which conversly was caused by the lack of the definition of the meaning of being.

海德格尔对胡塞尔现象学的上述这种态度与他对西方传统哲学特别是笛卡尔以来的近代主体性哲学及胡塞尔现象学与这种哲学的关系的看法有关。

Heidegger's attitude to Husserl's phenomenology has something to do with his view on western traditional philosophy, especialy the modem subjectivistic philosophy that is initiated by Descartes.

海德格尔对胡塞尔现象学的上述这种态度与他对西方传统哲学特别是笛卡尔以来的近代主体性哲学及胡塞尔现象学与这种哲学的关系的看法有关。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。