现实主义的

Realism has been improved to the realm of symbolism through creation of symbolic images, which in turn make the novels powerful and profound as well as realistic and natural. The stress laid on the settings helps get rid of trace of design in plots, and deepen the profound implications, which as a result, endow the works with particular profoundness, severity and significance. Through the analysis of the souls of the characters, a secret door deep in people's psyche has been opened and people's sub-consciousness, unconsciousness, abnormal consciousness and other complicated psychic phenomena have been revealed. Consequently a new and spacious aesthetic space is opened.

它通过象征意象的树立，"把现实主义磨练到了象征的境界"，使作品在真实可感、自然贴切之中显示出超常的力度和强度；它通过突出情境、淡化情节的设计，深化了作品广阔深厚的意蕴，赋予作品独到的深刻性、严峻性和巨大的意义；它通过心灵深处的剖析，打开了人们心理深层幽闭的大门，揭示出人们潜意识、无意识、变态意识之中种种复杂的心理现象，开拓出内心世界幽深廓大的审美视界。

Actually, if we want to seriously discuss about 'Modernity', we'll find out that this issue has an awkward situation in China. Let's forget about the sociological issues and let's simply start from visual arts. The old generation of artists who brought western arts to China, actually brought along western classic arts academism that is just small part of western classic art, and it's far of being exhaustive. Furthermore, what they brought along went through many changes due to the contact with revolutionary realism and local culture. The result of this process was what was called "Modern Art" in China. After having arrived in China, a part of the western artistic academicism became "Chinese Modern Arts" and this misplacement still exists. Perhaps it comes from a creative misreading, however whether it has the capability of becoming an independent system or not, still remains uncertain.

事实上，当我们想认真的讨论"现代性"时，就会发现这一问题在中国有着极其尴尬的处境，且不谈社会学角度，从视觉艺术这个很小的角度切入，将西方艺术带入中国本土的老一代艺术家们带来的其实是西方学院派的艺术，是西方古典艺术的尾巴或被革命现实主义化了的西方古典艺术，而被带入中国本土后却被称为"现代艺术"，直至今日当代艺术在西方的学理支撑到了中国本土变成了被断章取义的只言片语，这其间"错位"一直存在着，或许这是一种有创造性的误读，但误读的主体是否具有独立消化能力的系统值得商榷。

The significance of such relevance lies in that the literature and art has gone through two stages of development, or two types. One type of art is influenced by both the classical realistic art of the Western Europe and the socialist realism of the former Soviet Union. Though the historical and realistic themes covered by such type of art are revolutionary and highly consistent with the ideology of the ruling Communist Party of China, the artistic language and style are stamped with the academism features, which was represented in the fine arts seventeen years before the Cultural Revolution.

这种相关的重要性在于：在毛泽东时代，文学艺术经历了两个发展阶段，或者说两种类型，一种是受西欧的古典写实艺术和前苏联的社会主义现实主义影响的艺术，尽管这种艺术表达的历史和现实的题材是革命的，与执政后的中国共产党的意识形态高度一致，但在艺术语言和风格上，却具有较强的学院特征。

Ordinary glass beads in the hands of an extraordinary artist can become a powerful mediun of expression ..you are holding the proof in your hands ,as you turn the pages of this book,you'll tour a truly dazzling gallery of creations that take beadwork to a whole new level .You will see astonishing necklaces,bracelets,shoes,and bags,---and you'll also see bead-work carried far beyond its conventional uses in realistic portrats ,powerfully evocative sculpture ,and other representative and abstract work.The artists use a wide variety of techniques,including embroidery,gluing,and hand and

由一个非凡的艺术家用手工做成把很普通的玻璃珠子也能变成一个强有力的表达媒介，你能把掌握手工的证据，当你翻开这本书的这些页码的时候，你能够经历一次令人目眩的具有创造性的画廊的洗礼，那能够使你的珠子工艺提高高一个新的水平，你将看到这个令人惊异的手镯，鞋子，包包----并且你也能看到远远超过具有现实主义特色的传统应用，非常具有创造力的雕刻，和其他的具有代表性的和深奥的工艺。

First,inspected Zhang Tianyi novel's practical pursue and the criticalness strengthens,he can always adhere to the spirit of realism,and integrates own life to realize from experience,entrusts with its meaning of the times,has affected the new writers' creative thinking,and find a new way for the left-wing literature being forward;next, Zhang Tianyi profited from some theatrical creation factor to realize its satire intention,has had the important influence to the 1930's satire literatures,expanded its influence,urged the satire literature to move towards flourishing;Once again, Zhang Tianyi novel's modernity search has made the preliminary conformity and the standard to Modern Chinese Literature's modernity reforming regards the realism ideological trend in China's changing,its modernity value and the significance, were urging the literature powerfully in 1930's to modernized forward.

首先，考察了张天翼小说的写实性追求和批判性强化，他能够始终坚持写实的精神，并融入自己的生命体悟，赋予其时代的意义，影响了新文学作家的创作思维，为正在前进中的左翼文学找到了新的路向；其次，张天翼借鉴了一些戏剧性的创作因素来实现其讽刺的意图，对30年代的讽刺文学产生了重要影响，扩大了其影响，促使着讽刺文学逐渐走向繁兴；再次，张天翼小说的现代性探求对中国现代文学的现代性转型做出了初步的整合和规范来看待现实主义思潮在中国的流变，其所具有的现代性价值与意义，有力地促使着文学在1930年代向现代化的迈进。

In general, the traditional characteristics of Chinese films are as follows: the formula for artistic creation is dominated by realism; the ideographic method is inclined to conveyimplications; the narrative technique is characteristically an integrated story; the portrayal of the charaters' fate is based on dramaticism;the golden mean promotes moderate and implicit emotional exp ression; the ideology holds philosophical and instructional significance.

中国电影是我们这块土地黄皮肤子民的文化结晶，它的血液中流淌着民族挥之不去的深刻印记，搜捡中国电影艺术表现上的隐显标记，有助于现代电影的健康发展。就总体而言，中国电影传统特征包括以下几个方面：以现实主义为主导的艺术创作方法；言外之意的表意方式；追求故事完整统一的叙事性特点，以戏剧性为基础的人物命运塑造；中庸为度、节制含蓄的惰感抒情特征；充满哲理教化目的的思想倾向。

Although it is based on reality, the school of art has a broad choice of subjects, a great freedom in composition, and a combined use of symbolism, euphonium and humor in the expression of ideas. As for skills, it gives an emphasis on the realism of details and the romanticism of the whole and in effect provides the audience with an infinite space for imaginations.

程亚杰从他维也纳老师胡特那里承继过来的"想现实主义"严格地讲，更倾向于浪漫主义的创作方法，它虽然有现实的意义根据，但创作主体有更大的物象选择和组合的自由，画面背后的意图更多的是通过象征、隐喻和幽默的营构来反映；在表现手法上则是重视细节刻画的写实和整体构成的变实，这种写实和变实的交错使用给幻想留下了超时空自由组合的广阔空间。

Visualizin the realim of life and actuality Fuсk who's the baddest a person's status depends on salary And my mentality is, money orientated I'm destined to live the dream for all my peeps who never made it cause yeah, we were beginners in the hood as five percenter But somethin must of got in us cause all of us turned to sinners Now some, restin in peace and some are sittin in San Quentin Others such as myself are tryin to carry on tradition Keepin the schwepervesence street ghetto essence inside us Cause it provides us with the proper insight to guide us Even though, we know somehow we all gotta go but as long as we leavin thievin we'll be leavin with some kind of dough so, and to that day we expire and turn to vapors me and my capers-ll be somewhere stackin plenty papers Keepin it real, packin steel, gettin high Cause life's a bitch and then you die

让是绝对生活的现实主义形象化吧干，一个人为了薪水最坏的状态是什么？我的想法是，被钱所左右我注定要实现同龄人没有实现的梦因为，我们是穷区百分子五的开创者但是我们必须做点什么因为我们都是罪人现在，有些去世有些在 San Quentin监狱其余和我一样的还在坚持发扬传统坚持我们心中街头给我们的倔强不屈的精神因为他给了我们正确的想法来指引我们即使我们知道我们会离开不过只要我们离开了偷窃就离开了金钱所以，在我们离去升天的那天我和我的事业会在某处堆满金钱保持真实，带好家伙，high起来因为生活是个婊子之后你会死

Ming Dynasty Great Wall in the West from the starting point - 25 kilometers northeast of Jiayuguan where there is a treasure known as the "Great Desert Palace's underground art", where the distribution of more than 1,700 ancient tombs of the Wei and Jin Dynasties, by simple vivid, live callcu kuang realism murals for people reproduced the Wei and Jin Dynasties in Hexi region's political, economic, cultural and folk life.

在距离明代万里长城的西起点——嘉峪关东北25公里的地方，有一处宝地被人们称为&大戈壁里的地下艺术宫&，这里分布的1700多座魏晋时期的古墓葬中，以简洁生动、粗旷活拨的现实主义壁画，为人们再现了魏晋时期河西地区的政治、经济、文化和民俗生活。

He proved by flying a kite that lightning was electricity, and he invented a rod to tame it. He devised bifocal glasses and clean-burning stoves, charts of the Gulf Stream and theories about the contagious nature of the common cold. He was a pioneer of do-it-yourself civic improvement, launching such schemes as a lending library, volunteer fire corps, insurance association and matching-grant fund raiser. He helped invent America's unique style of homespun humor and philosophical pragmatism. In foreign policy, he created an approach that wove together idealism with balance-of-power realism.

他用风筝来确认闪电成因，并发明避雷针；他设计了双焦距眼镜、新式火炉，绘制了墨西哥湾流表，提出了感冒传染理论；他是DIY思想的开创者，收费图书馆、自愿消防队、保险协会和配合奖助金的创始人；他开创了家庭式幽默和哲学实用主义的美国形式；在对外政策上，他推行势力均衡现实主义和理想主义结合的理念；在政治上，他提出了各州联合建立民主联邦政府的方案；所有开国者中肩负的责任最重的他向这个新兴的民族灌注了使其立于民族之林的美德：宽容，信仰如宗教般的宽容。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。