现代性

In the phase of the second cultural transformation, the pursuit for modernity of the Chinese national vocal art gained its. full momentum, and its rampancy resulted in the reflections on the notion of "modernity".

在20世纪70年代末开始的第二次文化转型时期，中国民族声乐对现代性的诉求得以全面展开，同时在某种程度上趋向过度性发展从而导致"反思现代性"的思潮。

Strong in the face of the modern trend, the value of defending the national culture has risen to a high degree of development strategy, a new awareness of the core values of national culture has become an inevitable element, indicating that the value of culture in modernity has been a great background reaffirmation.

在面对强烈的现代性趋势下，捍卫民族文化价值已经上升到了发展战略的高度，重新认识民族文化中具有核心价值的元素成为必然，这表明民族文化的价值在现代性的巨大背景下得到了再度确认。

For the interaction of three variables in the historical course in the whole 20th century, the author concludes it as a process that from the reconstruction by state-modernity based on revolution of the society of village on the background of modernization, to the reinstitution of a new structure of the village's governance by the three historical logical factors, state, modernity and local knowledge of village, which surpassed the revolution.

对于上述关系在整个20世纪历史进程中的完整展现，作者在文中归纳为"现代化背景下从国家–现代性依托革命对村庄社会的改造到超越革命后的国家、现代性与村庄地方性知识这三种历史逻辑共同重塑新村治格局"的过程。

This paper introduces Habermas" theory of modernity from the four dimensions (historical research, language criticism, social criticism and life world criticism) according to the problems existed in present studies on Habermas" theory of modernity.

本文针对哈贝马斯现代性理论研究所存在的问题，提出了从四个维度(历史考察、语言批判、社会批判和生活批判)来分析哈贝马斯的现代性理论。

However, during New Trend '85, Gu Wenda differentiated himself from most artists of Chinese Painting of the time and showed his contemporary consciousness by experimenting on traditional ink painting materials and techniques. This brought out a new possibility for the contemporaneity of Chinese Painting. Since then, unremitting efforts have been made to "modernize" Chinese Painting through traditional abstract elements like ink-wash and Calligraphy. These efforts streamed into a new trend called "modern ink"(or "abstract ink","experimental ink") in late 1980's, though seemed not widely acknowledged for its resemblance to Abstract Expressionism of 1960's and 1970's American art. What is interesting is that while some artists are endeavoring to "westernize" their art, a new trend grouped as "Neo-literati Painting" appears with very traditional form and mood. This can be explained as a group of people's resistance to the reformation of traditional culture as well as their nostalgia to traditional ideals. However, this school tends to be artificial for the absence of the particular context, and the expression with traditional brushwork is also regionally limited. Of all the efforts of reformation, Chinese Painting that accordingly adopts the tradition heads the list because of the cultural identification of the big number of population and greater market as a result of the economic growth of China. Meanwhile, the immense conservative inertia of traditional Chinese culture can also be detected.

在"现代艺术"风起云涌的"85新潮"中，谷文达以传统水墨的材料和方法表达出不同于当时大多数中国画艺术家们这种文化心态和文化认知的现代意识，为中国画的现代性提供了一种方案；以水墨、还有选择中国传统书法的抽象因素等可能来进行现代性探索，一直是中国画连绵的努力，在80年代后期汇聚成"现代水墨"（又或曰"抽象水墨"、"实验水墨"），是中国画的又一流向，但是不是没有脱离60、70年代美国的"抽象主义"意义，反而还有了拾人牙慧之嫌，所以始终难以获得更大的认可和成功；很有趣的是，与此"西化"流向同时的，还有以非常传统的方式出现的"新文人画"潮流，或许可以把这看着是部分中国文化人在中国以西方为参照的新文化背景下对之的抵制，对传统理想的怀念和诉求，但由于已经失去了其语境和环境，"新文人画"显得娇情和造作，而且这种以非常地域化的传统笔墨语言来表现的方式也失去了更为普遍化的可能；反而是延续传统一脉的国画，由于有巨大的人数基础的本土文化的认同，在中国经济发展后有了更大的市场，所以还是蔚然为中国画的一大潮向，从这也可以看到中国文化承传的保守性的力量。

The emergence and establishment of the new pattern were in line with the zeitgeist of May the Fourth Movement.

精神分析学受到了世界范围文学的欢迎，更激发了中国世纪初文学的兴奋，促进了缺失可继承传统的中国现代性爱文学的新生，并以最为新鲜的血液，奠基了中国现代性爱文学的新质：对人性探索的恒定兴趣和对任何束缚压抑性爱自由的大胆反叛与抗议。

The first contradiction is in the society, the second contradiction is in the human life. Marx' position on modernity is dialectic"multi-unity", which combined "approvement","criticism"and"reconstruction".

马克思认为，现代性的价值理想有着巨大的历史进步意义，但现代性的现实却充满着矛盾和悖谬，表现在人类社会和人的生命等不同层面。

Meanwhile, his reflection on modernity is based on the core concept of emancipatory politics, which is the foundation and dynamical headspring of emancipatory politics.

同时，他对现代性的反思又是围绕解放政治这一核心思想展开的，解放政治是现代性发展的基点和动力源泉。

The management under the modernity make the chair in university become a quantitative posatition,the posation generate power through symbol,the formulable academic posation generate strong discipline power.Academic creation become a plan project,individuals face a giant engineering structure,the individual moral sensitivity ebbed away. Bestir excessively make arousal become chastisement.Academic activity is making difference and competition in the control of currency, and academic activity become monetization. Academic estimation become a shortterm action.

现代性之下大学的管理使得大学的学术职位演变为一个数量化的位置，这一位置利用符号产生力量，&公式化&的学术位置制造了强大的规训力量；学术创造变成规划性工程，个人时刻面临着非个人的巨型工程结构，个体的道德敏感性泯灭其中；激励与惩罚在现代性之下分界线模糊，对学术激励的过分使用使学术激励其演化成了学术惩罚；大学内学术在货币指挥下正不断地制造差异与竞争，学术货币化；学术考核则演变成一种短期行为。

Starting off from the "the agreement of language and expression" pursuit of late-Qing intellectuals and concrete poetry creation to the flourish of free verse written in vernacular during the May 4th Movement of 1919, the article reviews the complex genesic intertwinement and concrete view of modern Chinese poetry from the interactive angle of experience, language and form.

对这一形态的辨析，会发现&现代汉诗&的&发生&的内在机制和隐藏的问题。本文倾向于诗歌本体内部的语言、形式与现代性语境中的个体经验的纠结、互动对诗歌发生的影响：在论述方式上，注重的诗歌文本和语言、形式理论的分析。在晚清至&五四&这一中国现代知识分子追求现代性的语境下，本文试图通过对知识分子对新的汉语言说方式的追求和具体诗歌创作情况来考察&现代汉诗&的&发生&的语言脉络和形式依据。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。