环烯

D limonene was distributed among the culture flasks (200 mg/L). The flasks were incubated at 28oC on a rotary shaker (r/min=120) for 5 days. On completion, the culture broth were successively extracted with EtOAc. The extract was quantitatively measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis, The results showed that biocatalytic reactions were comprised of oxidation, including hydroxylation and ketonization which occurred at different positions of the D limonene, as well as hydrogenation, hydrolyzation, esterification and cyclic cleavage. These bacteria strains possess the distinctive biocatalytic capacities towards the D limonene. A series of terpenoids, including sesqui , di and tri terpernoids were also observed,which was accounted for D limonene had influence on the metabolites of marine bacteria.

以2216E为培养基，添加200mg/L的柠檬烯，在28℃，以120 r/min摇瓶培养5 d，用乙酸乙酯提取培养液，经GC MS分析其转化产物，结果显示，这些细菌能在柠檬烯的不同位置进行羟基化、羰基化等，并伴随有还原、水解、酯化、开环等反应，但转化能力和转化程度不同；在产物中，还检测到系列结构不同的其它萜类：包括倍半萜、二萜以及三萜等，这些萜类化合物的产生跟柠檬烯的加入有关，说明柠檬烯能影响细菌代谢产物的产生。

A series of five-membered lactams containing 1, 3-diene moity were prepared by RCEM reaction, the scope of this reacrion was expanded.

在上述研究的基础上，我们利用烯炔关环复分解反应合成了一系列含 1， 3-二烯结构单元的五元内酰胺化合物，从而进一步拓展了关环复分解反应的应用范围。

Starting from 4-androstenedione, three novel 3-oxo-4-aza-5-androstene-17-oxime derivatives 7, 8 and 9 were synthesized through oxidation ring cleavage, amination ring closure, oximation,and substitution .

以4雄烯二酮为起始原料，经过氧化开环、氨解闭环、肟化、取代等4-步反应，合成了3个新的3-羰基-4-氮杂-5-雄甾烯-17肟衍生物7、8和9，并用质谱、1HNMR、13CNMR等测试手段对目标化合物的结构进行了表征

The application markets of three kinds of isoolefines(isoprene, cyclopentadiene ,piperylene) from the cracking C5 fractions and their downstream derivatives were reviewed.

着重评述了裂解C5馏分资源中3种异构烯烃(异戊二烯、环戊二烯和间戊二烯)及其下游衍生物的应用市场，并剖析了我国裂解C5资源的利用现状及应用前景。

First, when operating the DABCO-catalyzed Ireland-Claisen rearrangement of propargylic acrylates 18b-d, we added dienophiles 40a-f in the reaction system to capture the rearranged allenes products respectively. The Diels-Alder adducts 41a-i were obtained with complete regioselectivity. Thus a novel tandem Ireland-Claisen rearrangement /Diels-Alder reaction process with propargylic acrylates has been developed.

首先在进行DABCO-催化的丙烯酸炔丙酯类化合物18b-d的Ireland-Claisen重排反应的同时，于反应体系中分别加入亲二烯体40a-f捕获重排得到的连二烯中间体，一步反应获得了单一区域选择性的Diels-Alder环加成产物41a-i，从而创建了一条新颖的丙烯酸炔丙酯类化合物的Ireland-Claisen重排与Diels-Alder环加成的串联反应路线。

The enhancement of the reaction activity is attributed to the phasetransfer capability of the built-in quaternary ammonium and pyridinium salts of theMn catalyst.

分子内季铵盐和吡啶盐具有相转移能力，对于取代色烯不对称环氧化的作用与外加的吡啶盐和卤化铵的作用相似，使Mn催化剂催化取代色烯环氧化反应的活性明显提高。

The enhancement of the reaction activity is attributed to the phasetransfer capability of the built-in quaternary ammonium and pyridinium salts of theMn catalyst. The effect of the internal quaternary ammonium and/or pyridiniumsalt on the epoxidation of substituted chromenes is similar to that of the externalpyridinium salts and ammonium halides.

分子内季铵盐和吡啶盐具有相转移能力，对于取代色烯不对称环氧化的作用与外加的吡啶盐和卤化铵的作用相似，使Mn催化剂催化取代色烯环氧化反应的活性明显提高。

The geometric optimization of C_(59)Sm and C_(60)Sm shows that the replacement of a C atom with a Sm in C_(60) yields a stable substitutionally doped fullerene C_(59)Sm, and among the five possible optimized geometries for C_(60)Sm, the most favorable exohedral sites are above the center of a hexagon and a pentagon ring.

替代掺杂富勒烯C_(59)Sm与外掺杂富勒烯C_(60)Sm几何结构与电子结构分析表明，以Sm原子取代C_(60)分子中的一个碳原子后碳笼仍保持稳定的替代结构，而对五种可能的C_(60)Sm结构，Sm原子倾向于栖息在六碳环与五碳环的空洞上方。

A similar reaction of the sulfur analog gave only the product of tetramethylene bridged bisdititanium halides.

在企图合成硫桥环戊二烯基化合物时，得到的却是四亚甲基桥联双环戊二烯基金属衍生物。

The results show that both norbornenic and cyclopentenic double bonds are involved in the polymerization. The propagation on the NB double bond generates structural unit I by direct addition and unit II by carbocation rearrangement, respectively. Similarly, the propagation on the CP double bond produces structural unit III by direct addition and unit IV by transannular rearrangement, respectively.

结果表明， DCPD分子的降冰片烯双键和环戊烯双键均参与了聚合反应并根据不同链增长机理产生四种链结构单元：通过NB双键的链增长反应可生成直接加成结构单元I和重排结构单元II，通过CP双键的链增长反应生成直接加成结构单元III和跨环重排单元IV。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失