环流

When the spatial pattern is meridionally anti-symmetric, in the north-warm/south-cold years, an anticyclonic anomaly circulation exists over the warm pool at 850hPa, the easterly near 15°N and the westerly near the equator are greatly strengthened, while the center of the 200 hPa anticyclonic circulation moves to the East Asia, and the Hadley circulation is affected evidently, so the summer rainfall may be above normal in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and vice versa.

当SSTA为南北反对称分布时，北暖南冷年850hPa暖池区上空为一反气旋偏差环流，15°N附近东风气流和赤道附近西风气流增强，200hPa反气旋偏差环流中心移到东亚大陆上空，长江中下游地区为上升气流，降水明显增多，华北地区为下沉气流，降水减少；冷异常年则相反。

DHI indicates that the monsoonal circulation weakens after its climate jump in 1980, which is caused by the weakening of the easterly at 150~100hPa, while easterly at 200hPa does not weaken significantly.

DHI表征亚洲夏季风环流在1980年发生突变，突变后季风环流减弱，这主要是由于150～100hPa层东风的减弱，但这种东风的减弱现象在200hPa不明显。

With low latitude, high elevation, steep slopes and arious surface covers in the region of Mt.Qomolangma, solar radiation drives various local circulations such as slope winds, mountain-valley winds and glacier winds etc. which compose the com- plicated circulation system in this area.

中文摘要珠峰地区纬度低，海拔高，地形陡峭，下垫面不均匀，强烈的太阳辐射驱动着多种相互耦合的局地环流，如坡风、山谷风和冰川风等，构成了该地区复杂的山地环流系统。

By using a perpetual July, nine level general circulation spectral model with rhomboidal truncation at wavenumber 15 incorporated a comprehensive set of physical processes, a series of numerical experiments have been conducted to determine the mechanism of atmospheric anomalies induced by external forcing such as anomalies of the sea surface temperature and Arctic sea ice cover during the Northern Hemisphere summer.

本文主要探讨了夏季模式大气对热带海温和高纬极冰异常的外强迫响应机制，结果表明，在大气环流模式长时间积分以后，不同的外强迫源均可在全球大气的一些关键性区域激发产生相同的环流异常型，即夏季大气主要异常型对外强迫源地理位置不敏感，很大程度上依赖于大气内部动力学过程。

By using a nine-layer global spectral GCM which is rhomboidally truncated at wave number 15, a series of numerical experiments are conducted to study the effects of tropic West Pacific SSTA and the North Pole sea ice anomalies on the general circulation round the globe.

利用九层菱形截断15波的全球大气环流谱模式，对赤道西太平洋海表温度、北极海冰及综合异常情形在北半球夏季大气环流中的作用进行了一系列数值试验和分析。

The results show that during the landfalling ing and northward going process of Matsa, the cold air in its northwest side first rotated along the typhoon circulation from the north to the south, and then intruded northward form the south into warm center of Matsa gradually, and at the same time in the vertical direction there were cold airs systematically/slantly descending from the middle-upper troposphere and intruding into the typhoon circumfluence at the low level, which at last resulted in the extratropical transition of Mstsa.

结果表明：&麦莎&登陆北上过程中，西北侧冷空气先随着&麦莎&环流由北向南旋转，尔后冷空气又从台风低压中心的偏南侧向北侵入，逐步侵入&麦莎&暖心结构；在垂直方向上，对流层中高层不断有系统性的冷空气倾斜向下补充，冷空气从对流层低层侵入台风环流，最终使&麦莎&变性。

In this paper, arrangement scheme of a novel multi-star phase shifted pole changing coil was given and the methods to determine coil split ratio were analyzed. According to electromagnetic theory, 2D electromagnetic mathematical model in which stator windings were spitted coil was developed, and magnetic field distribution of the novel motor at starting was solved by finite element method, starting performance of motor was calculated. Based on energy method, rotor slot leakage reactance under different poles and different loads were calculated, and the variation of rotor slot leakage reactance with loads was gotten. Based on time-step finite element method, distribution of branch current in stator windings and operating performance were calculated and analyzed when branch was unbalance, the method to calculate circulating loss in stator windings of novel multi-star phase shifted pole changing motor was given, and the effects of the loads variation and degree of unequilibrium on circulating loss in stator windings were calculated and analyzed.

论文系统的给出了采用分裂线圈法新型多星形移相变极绕组的排列方案，进一步分析线圈分裂比的确定方法；根据电磁场理论，建立了定子为分裂线圈绕组的电机二维电磁场数学模型，并采用场路耦合法求解了新型多星形移相变极电机起动时的磁场分布，计算了电机起动性能和基于能量法计算了不同极数下起动时转子槽漏抗和不同负载时转子槽漏抗，得出转子槽漏抗随负载变化的规律；采用时步有限元法计算分析了定子绕组支路不平衡时支路电流的分布情况及运行性能，给出了新型多星形移相变极电机定子绕组环流损耗的计算方法，分析比较了负载的变化和支路不平衡度大小对定子绕组环流损耗的影响。

The cold Australia land always corresponds to strong Australian High or frequent cold air activities,which is favorable to the formation of strong cross-equatorial flow;The cold underlaying surface to the south of channel always corresponds to weak Walker circulation,which is also favorable to the formation of strong cross-equatorial flow;The warm Indo-China peninsula and cold South China Sea,as well as the strong heat source near the Philippines,all can correspond to strong convergence zone in north hemisphere,which is favorable to the formation of strong cross-equatorial flow.

冷澳洲大陆通常对应强澳高或频繁冷空气活动，其有利于强越赤道气流的形成；通道南部下垫面偏冷通常对应弱Walker环流，其有利于强越赤道气流的形成；偏暖中南半岛下垫面—偏冷南海下垫面、菲律宾附近强热源多对应北半球较强辐合带，它们都有利于强越赤道气流的形成；弱越赤道气流对应的强迫因子及环流因子的特征则与上述相反。

The results showed that obvious interdecadal variability of summer temperature was found,which was relevant to interdecadal variability of atmospheric circulation over the Asia.It also indicated that the important reason of summer temperature anomaly might be interdecadal variability of climate in Northern China.The circulation in mid-latitudes and high-latitudes in summer of 2003 took on two troughs and ridges,which was contrary to climate state of recent decades.The signs of climate shift were foreshowed in 2003 according to the characteristics of interdecadal variability.

结果表明：中国夏季气温变化有明显的年代际特征，这一特征与亚洲上空大气环流的年代际变化紧密相关，表明我国北方地区夏季气温异常一个很重要的原因或许是缘于气候年代际变化。2003年夏季中高纬环流形势呈两槽两脊的配置，与近十几年气候态分布刚好相反，因而从气候年代际变化的特征来看，2003年为预示年代际气候转型的征兆。

The average concentration in No.1 warehouse was reduced by 5.3%in each day when fumigating for seven day.

与无薄膜的全仓环流熏蒸试验相比，膜下环流熏蒸磷化氢浓度达到均匀的时间短；气密性好，熏蒸时取得的Ct值大，杀虫效果更好。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。