环流

Observation of radar and intensive surface wind of 0505 typhoon Haitang is used to analyze the relationship between radar reflectivity and observed precipitation and the relationship between mesoscale surface stream field and heavy rainfall. The analysis shows that when the Doppler radar reflectivity reaches 50 dbz, it has a good correspondence to the heavy one hour precipitation. Besides, heavy precipitation is also related to the mesoscale cyclonical current and confluent currents, it occurs near the mesoscale cyclonical or confluent current appearing at the same time.

利用严重影响浙江东南地区的2005年05号台风的雷达和地面加密风场资料，分析对比台风中尺度暴雨过程中雷达回波与实况降水、中尺度地面流场与暴雨之间的关系，结果得到：多普勒雷达近地面强回波带或中心往往达到50 dbz时，与一小时的强降水区有很好的对应关系，暴雨中心区也与地面加密的中尺度流场中出现的中尺度气旋性环流和汇合气流有关，强暴雨区落在同时刻中尺度涡旋或汇合线附近。

The velocity of tide-induced residual currents in Beibu Bay is about 1~2cm/s. Near Hainan island, cyclonical circulations of residual currents are located on the north of Yangpu, west of Dongfang and south-west of Yingge Sea respectively.

北部湾潮致余流的流速只有1~2cm/s左右，靠近海南岛一侧，潮致余流的环流基本为气旋式：分别位于洋浦以北、东方以西、莺歌海西南方。

The basin between Taiwan, Lan-Yu and Lu-Tao, blocking the lower northward flows, forms a flow-separation region to the inflow waters, which deflects to the east when approach to the basin. Upper layer flows could pass the basin and the cyclonically horizontal current shear associated with the current favors the emergence of a cyclonic circulation pattern along the southeast coast of Taiwan.

这种流况是经由海流与地形交互作用所造成的，中、下层海流在南纵海槽内发生流线分离，而上层海流仍沿台湾东南海岸北上，后项海流西侧之气旋型流速水平切变则对本地中、下层海水透过Ekman pumping造成拉升效应，促成南纵海槽内形成持续性之低压型环流。

The results show that there are obvious annual and decadal changes in East Asia summer monsoon circulation, and there are qui...

结果表明：东亚夏季风环流强度有明显的年际变化和年代际变化，且与赤道东太平洋SST有较好的负相关关系，其中又以与三个月前的海温变化关系最好。

Interannual and decadal variabilities of cloud amount downstream of the Tibetan Plateau are closely related to large-scale circulation changes.

对云量变化的成因分析显示，青藏高原下游地区云量年际及年代际变率与大尺度环流场演变密切相关。

It is found that two osillation periods role for UT atmosphere components changes, i.e., 10-20 dyas and 30-60 days, while the intra-seasonal oscillation period for LS is 30-60 days.

南亚高压主体的东南侧为强的上升运动区，此大气流场的气候态特征为对流层向平流层水汽输送提供了有利的环流背景条件。

It was shown that, the flow pattern in the EMPT was more complex than that in traditional one, that is, in the column chamber, the short circuit flow from the outlet nozzle of the ladle was depressed by the rotating molten steel, and horizontal recurrent flow appeared in rectangular chamber, which prolonged the average staying time of the molten steel, then reduced the volume fraction of inactive area in EMPT.

结果显示，电磁净化中间包的流场比传统中间包的流场复杂：在圆形腔中，旋转运动抑制了大包水口至矩形腔的短路流，而在矩形腔中形成水平环流，从而延长钢液在中间包的平均停留时间，死区减小，电磁净化中间包的上述流场结构及传输行为对钢液中的非金属夹杂物去除非常有利。

The equatorward movement of a middle latitude trough-front system into the South China may give rise to the retreating eastward of the subtropical high ridge over the South China Sea.

1994年南海夏季风建立于5月第一候，利用MM5成功地模拟了这一过程，并通过敏感性试验，讨论了中纬度系统和中南半岛及其附近地区的积云对流对夏季风环流建立的影响，结果表明：（1）南下接近副热带一定强度的中纬度槽－锋系统的强迫，可引起南海地区副热带高压脊的减弱东撤。

Casethat begin transformation but do not become embedded in the baroclinic zone fail to complrte transformation and simply dissipate over lower sea surface temperatures.1at transformation stage,there are two features in 500mb analysis aKOPPU s surface center is located beneath concentric,closed 500mb contours and is equatorward of 5820-m contour associated with a short-wave trough to the northwest of strom bthe closed contours associated with KOPPU 24h earlier have combined with approaching 500mb trough so that KOPPU appear to be in an open wave.furthermore,streamlines associated with this short wave trough have wrapped around the circulation of KOPPU,which indicated that KOPPU has become embedded in 500mb westerlies.

台风变性分为两个阶段：变性阶段和再加强阶段；变性的开始和结束以热带气旋环流和先前存在的中纬度斜压带相互作用为基础，KOPPU嵌入先前存在的中纬度斜压带且风暴中心在冷下沉气流中，而KETSANA没有嵌入先前存在的中纬度斜压带则没完成变性只是消散在低的海平面温度(1)台风变性阶段在500hPa高度场分析中有两个重要特征：a首先风暴中心是闭合的等值线并和风暴中心西北的短波槽相关；随后闭合等值线靠近500hPa槽，因此风暴闭合中心消失，风暴位于开波中。b而且和短波槽相关流线缠绕在风暴中心，结果风暴在西风带中。

The feature of general circulation of 500hpa in winter of 1997～98 and the activity of extratropical cyclones have been analyzed in this paper.

1997～98年发生了近百年最强的厄尔尼诺现象，本文对1997～98年冬季(12～2月)500hpa环流特征、东亚温带气旋活动及天气特征进行了分析。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。