环流

In the study, the difference of circulation structure derived from GBVTD and dual-Doppler synthesis is compared and it shows that the GBVTD has a tendency to retrieve stronger mean tangential wind component.

本文并比较利用GBVTD反演之内核风场和双都卜勒合成风场两者差异，结果显示GBVTD所反演之台风主环流强度有高估的情况。

It is shown from the analysis results that the circulation and multi-eddy structure in the SCS have significant effects on the thermocline in the SCS.

结果表明，南海环流和多涡结构对南海温跃层具有显著的影响。

The factors available to hail formation and development, as the climatic, the synoptic and local circulation characteristics and local factors in northwest China are summarized. The recent achievements in hail research by the radar, satellite, lighting gauge and modeling are summed up. Some key scientific problems needed to be urgently solved and research methods needed to be further developed are pointed out.Keywords : Hail research Climatic and synoptic circulation characteristics Northwest China.

归纳了西北冰雹的天气特征、气候规律，概括了产生冰雹天气的环流形势和诱发冰雹天气的局地因素，综合分析了雷达观测、卫星观测、闪电定位和数值模拟等手段在西北地区冰雹研究领域的新进展，最后指出了西北冰雹研究领域急需解决的科学问题和需要进一步发展的研究手段。

In the same period, the meridional circulation is a typical Hadley cell in the Pacific trade wind area fig.

在信风区、低纬度则存在着典型的Hadley环流，高层有夏季太平洋中部副热带西风急流，下部有东北信风，东风随高度减弱。

Thus, the low-atmospheric circulation in troposphere is changed, and the climate change in arid areas is affected.

这些变化引起了局地对流层中低层大气环流的调整，进一步影响干旱气候。

The main physical processes in the East China Sea include the Kuroshio and water flux of the Taiwan strait and Tsushima strait, the thermohaline structure and its seasonal variation by exchange of heat and water on sea surface and mixing of tide, as well as the tide and tidal current, and circulation and its seasonal variation.

黑潮及其台湾海峡、对马海峡的水体输送；通过海面热和水气交换以及潮流混合作用下的海水温、盐分布与结构的四季演替过程；潮流潮汐过程；环流的季节性变化等。

The numerical experiment reconstructed fairly successfully the circulation patterns of the Kuroshio, the Taiwan Warm Current, the Tsushima Warm Current and coast currents.

各因素共同作用下的黄海东海总流场数值模拟中，模式较好的再现了黑潮、台湾暖流、对马暖流、黄海暖流和沿岸流等各环流流系。

This is a factory a notice posted on the door, from December 5, the photo on the network, such as general circulation undercurrent.

这是一个厂的通知，张贴在门上，从12月5日，网络上的照片，如大气环流的暗流。

The thickness of the ice cover on the wall surface heat transfer is greater than the thickness of it on the air heat transfer form. The thickness of the ice cover on the wall surface heat transfer along the way changes slowly, but it on the air heat transfer along the way changes significantly. Reducing the entrance velocity, lowering the wall surface or air temperature, the formation of the thickness of the ice cover will increase; in the 3D circumstances, The thickness of the ice cover was relatively uniform in the import of the U-turn model, the ice cover was gradual accumulation in the convex bank when the stream traversed the import of the U-turn model, the thickness of the ice cover in the convex bank was significantly bigger than the thickness in the concave bank. The temperature field under the ice cover tends to be complex because of the existence of the secondary flows. The temperature in the convex bank is greater than it in the concave bank. Compared with the data from experiments, the laws in the numerical simulation are similar with them in the experiments

模拟结果显示：二维情况下，运用壁面传热形成的冰盖厚度大于运用空气传热形成的冰盖厚度，壁面传热形成的冰盖厚度沿程变化缓慢，而空气传热形成的冰盖厚度沿程变化明显，减小入口流速，降低壁面或空气温度等，形成冰盖的厚度都会增大；三维情况下，弯道入口处凸、凹岸形成的冰盖厚度基本相同，进入弯道后，凸岸形成的冰盖厚度逐渐增大，而凹岸的冰盖厚度逐渐减小，受横向环流的影响，冰盖下水流的温度场趋向复杂，并且凸岸的温度小于凹岸的温度；与实验室实验所得数据相比较，数值模拟研究得到的规律基本符合实验规律。

The circulation features in the westerlies, especially, distribution and variation of the upper–level westerlies play an important role in controlling the different tracks.

西风环流，尤其是中、高纬度高层西风的分布及其变化对于形成不同类型的台风路径亦起了很重要的作用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。