环流

To validate the model, the numerical simulation is performed for three cases: the wind driven circular flow, the dam-break wave on initial dry bed and the tidal flow in estuary of the Yangtze River. Results show that the model can accurately simulate the 3-D flow structure, and has good numerical stability.

封闭水池内部风生环流、干河床上溃坝过程和长江口实际潮流场的模拟从不同侧面展示了模型的特点，结果表明它能够准确地预测水流的三维流动结构，而且计算简单高效，具有良好的数值稳定性。

The intensity index of Hadley circulation is defined and calculated by using the 3 levels wind data in 4 key regions for the southern/northern hemisphere and the global.

利用3层4个关键区的风定义并计算了1948年l月－2004年12月的全球纬向平均的南／北半球和全球Hadley环流逐月强度指数。

Using the data of the sunspot number and based on its characteristics the time sequence of the magnetic index of the sunspot magnetic field is established. The intensity of the South Asia summer monsoon circulation index is established using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data from 1948to 2006 and the relationship between them is analyzed.

利用太阳黑子相对数资料，根据太阳磁场磁性特征建立了太阳磁场磁性指数时间序列，并利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料建立了1948-2006年的南亚夏季风环流强度指数，对两者之间存在的可能相关关系作了分析。

The cross-wavelet transform method is adopted to study the multi-time scale correlations between the winter temperature, the summer precipitation in Northwest China and the Arctic Oscillation Index over the same period, in order to investigate the relationships between climate change in Northwest China, the AOI, and the Eurasian zonal circulation index in recent 56 years.

运用交叉小波方法分析了近56 a来我国西北地区气候变化与北极涛动指数、欧亚纬向环流指数之间的联系，讨论了西北地区冬季气温和夏季降水变化与同期AOI之间的多时间尺度相关。

In this research, the index for Hadley circulation intensity is defined as the maximum positive value of the zonal mean streamfunction occurring within the latitudinal zone of 0°~30°N, and index for NPO as normalized sea level pressure difference between the region (20°N, 180°~160°W) and the region (60°N, 180°~160°W).

本文选取0°~30°N区域里最大质量流函数来描述北半球Hadley环流强度随时间的演变，利用(20°N， 180°~160°W)和(60°N， 180°~160°W)区域平均的标准化海平面气压差代表NPO强度。

Monthly geopotential height fields ; climatic and anomalous fields ; circulation index ; temporal and spatial structure ; difference between Northern and Southern Hemisphere

月平均位势高度场；气候场及异常场集；环流指数；时空结构；北、南半球差异

Focusing on the concept of the climate levels and space reconstruction, we establish a local approximation prediction model with the compound configuration, using the north Indian Ocean sea surface temperature、 Asian zonal circulation index and 37 stations′ winter precipitation anomaly in Inner Mongolia and then use this model to test the predictability of winter precipitation anomaly.

根据气候"层次"概念和重构状态空间理论，利用北印度洋海温、亚洲纬向环流指数以及内蒙古地区的37个测站逐月降水距平百分率的历史资料，建立具有复合结构的局域相似预测模型，并用该模型对内蒙古地区的冬季降水进行预测试验。

Tripical circulation index ; summer flood/drought ; interannual variation ; mid lower valleys of the Yangtze

热带环流指数；夏季旱涝；年际变化；长江中下游

With western Pacific subtropical high as the focus through diagnosis and simulation addressed are the following problems: a the change in northern hemisphere subtropical high and possible mechanisms during seasonal shift; b the index and circulation variation of east Asian monsoon; c Tropical air/sea-the monsoon interaction on an interannual scale, with the results given below.

以西太平洋副热带高压为核心，采用诊断和数值模拟方法讨论了如下问题：1、季节转换过程中的北半球副高变动及其可能机制；2、东亚季风指数与东亚季风环流变化；3、热带海气及其与东亚季风年际相互作用关系；研究表明

The seasonal variation of upward transport is consistent with the variation of the large scale circumfluent.

一年中冬春季向下的输送强，夏秋季较弱，其季节变化与大尺度环流的季节性变化一致。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。