环流

Whether or not the AAM is balanced is one of the important conditions for evaluating an atmospheric general circulation model.

大气中角动量平衡与否一直是衡量一个大气环流图案是否合理的重要依据之一。

As a first step to industrialize this focusing coal liquefaction technology, it is essential to study the multiphase transport characteristics of this new type reactor. In this paper, mass transfer and mixing characteristics of a three-phase continuous loop reactor with a concentric draft tube were measured by the dynamic dissolved oxygen and saturated KCl solution pulse trace methods,with glass beads as solid phase, air as gas phase and tap water as liquid phase, respectively.

本文在同心内置Φ 0.14×1.5m导流筒的Φ 0.2×2.5m有机玻璃环流反应器中，以空气和水为气、液相，玻璃珠为固相，分别利用动态溶氧法与饱和KCl脉冲示踪法测量了液相体积传质系数和轴向分散系数，考察了表观气速、进料浆速、固含率、固相颗粒直径、液相表面张力以及操作方式对上述两个传递参数的影响规律，并将实验结果关联为量纲为1关联式；同时，根据环流反应器的结构特点，建立了传质系数分区模型和轴向分散系数分区模型且分别获得了解析解，对床层传质和混合的不均匀性做了理论分析。

By the variety of the air temperature, air pressure, the wind velocity direction of wind...etc. similar from the strong aerodynamics angle in the valley breeze, formation and daytime contrary thermodynamic energy circulation, full elucidation oasis and the sky of the deserts really exist the level air pressure , then cause the vicinity district layer circulation produce, deliver the calories to the oasis to cause improving temperature effect the desert.

从大气动力学角度看气温、气压、风速风向等的变化类似于山谷风，形成与白天相反的热力环流，充分说明绿洲和沙漠上空确实存在着水平气压差，进而导致近地层环流产生，把热量传送到绿洲引起沙漠增温效应。

This paper conducts the computation classification for the spring flood and drought situation in He Zhou by using the spring precipitation data in four weather stations of He Zhou during 1965-2004,and the z index,and the index of regional flood and drought .

利用贺州市四站1965~2004年春季降水资料，运用z指数和区域旱涝指数对贺州地区春季旱涝情况进行计算分类，并对重旱涝典型年份500hPa环流特征量和4月平均环流场展开分析，发现：贺州地区春季极易发生局部旱涝灾情，90年代以来重旱涝年份出现频率明显增大；在重旱年副高强度强，西伸脊点明显偏西，南支槽偏西偏弱，极涡中心偏东，亚洲中高纬高度偏低，在重涝年则相反。

Corresponding to the long-lasting El Nio event, cyclonic anomalous circulation over the eastern North Pacific weakens slowly and anticyclonic anomalous circulation over the western North Pacific strengthens slowly at 850 hPa. Therefore the tropical Pacific westerly anomaly keeps long. The anomalous positive velocity potential over the western South Pacific at 200 hPa, which is related to the strong Australian winter monsoon, helps a long duration of El Nio. Corresponding to the short-lasting El Nio, the anomalous positive velocity potential over the western Pacific at 200 hPa moves eastward quickly and results in the vanishing of El Nio event.

还发现对于持续时间较长的El Nio事件，东北太平洋上850hPa异常气旋性环流减弱和西北太平洋上异常反气旋性环流增强较慢，因此赤道太平洋异常西风维持的时间也较长，而与澳大利亚冬季风加强相关联的南半球西太平洋的速度势正距平的维持，对El Nio的持续也起一定作用；对应持续时间较短的El Nio事件，西太平洋上200hPa速度势正距平的迅速东移，对El Nio的迅速消亡起重要作用。

Result shows that the MOD is significantly related to the atmospheric features in the previous winter with strong North Atlantic oscillation for early Meiyu onset and v.v..

研究结果表明江淮入梅的早晚与前期冬季北半球大型环流存在显著的相关：入梅早的年份，其前期冬季北大西洋涛动强，北半球只有一个强的极涡并位于格陵兰上空，相应东亚大槽弱；入梅晚的年份，则其前冬环流表现为，北大西洋涛动弱，北半球存在两个极涡，其中一个仍然位于格陵兰上空，而另一个则位于西伯利亚上空，相应东亚大槽较常年偏强。

Result shows that the MOD is significantly related to the atmospheric features in the previous winter with strong North Atlantic Oscillation for early Meiyu onset and v.v..

研究结果表明江淮入梅的早晚与前期冬季北半球大型环流存在显著的相关：入梅早的年份，其前期冬季北大西洋涛动强，北半球只有一个强的极涡并位于格陵兰上空，东亚大槽弱；入梅晚的年份，则其前期冬季环流表现为，北大西洋涛动弱，北半球存在两个极涡，其中一个仍然位于格陵兰上空，而另一个则位于西伯利亚上空，东亚大槽较常年强。

Using weather facsimile and ECMWF grid report data sets,a case of long-term strong cold air gale in November in the southeast offshore seas of china was analyzed;meanwhile,the evolution of significant wave height was also discussed via NWW3 modeldata.

1引言秋季是北半球夏季型环流向冬季型环流调整转换的过渡季节，冷空气天气过程容易发生在这种气候背景下，马卫民等[1]一文中对冷空气活动的气候背景作了简介。

The result showed that the strong storm followed by mesoscale squall line was primary cause of strong sandstorm producing, steps and ladders short wave trough of 500 hPa was great criterion triggering system for the mesoscale squall line producing, the essential dynamic condition was provided by distortion field and the mesoscale low pressure of 700 hPa for the strong sandstorm forming and maintaining in mid-west of Hexi Corridor, the deep vertical circulation development condition was basic power that urged squall line to occur and sand dust to curl up, which was provided for the deep convection development by superimposition of lifting movement before ground cold front and ascendant current of secondary circulation in upper air jet entrance region, temperature and the barometric gradient around the cold front was enlarged by enhancement of ground thermal low and temperature diurnalvariation of afternoon, by which essential thermal energy unstable condition was provided for the gale and strong sandstorm eruption, the strong sandstorm appeared in downstream of -200 m^2s^(-2) center of vertical helicity, the vertical helicity had good instruction significance for development of squall line and landing region of sandstorm, the mesoscale squall line occurred in unstable stratification, basic condition of potential energy transforming as kinetic energy was provided by strong unstable stratification for the strong sandstorm forming and developing.

结果表明：中尺度飑线所伴随的强风暴是产生强沙尘暴的主要原因；500 hPa阶梯短波槽是中尺度飑线产生的大尺度触发系统，河西走廊中西部700 hp变形场、中尺度低压为强沙尘暴形成和维持提供了必要的动力条件；地面冷锋前上升运动与高空急流入口区次级环流的上升气流的叠加，为深对流发展提供了深厚的垂直环流发展条件，是促使飑线发生和沙尘卷起的基本动力；地面热低压的加强和午后气温的日变化加大了冷锋前后的温度和气压梯度，为大风、强沙尘暴爆发提供了必要的热力不稳定条件；强沙尘暴出现在垂直螺旋度为－200平方公尺/s^2中心的下游，垂直螺旋度对飑线的发展和沙尘暴的落区具有较好的指示意义；中尺度飑线发生在不稳定层结内，较强的不稳定层结为强沙尘暴形成、发展提供了位能转化为动能的基本条件。

The gas holdups of bubble state and loop state were compared and loop reactor's operational flexibility was investigated. Important conclusions were reached.

在此基础上，对鼓泡状态和环流状态下的气含率进行了比较，并考察了环流反应器的操作弹性，得出了有重要意义的结论。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。