环境温度

Ambient temperature is the room temperature or the temperature of the surrounding environment.

周围的温度是指房间的温度或者周边环境的温度。

The richness center of the Theaceae plant species under study is located in the mountainous area of north Guaugdong (22.5°N, and 112~115°E). These plants species exhibited significant longitudinal difference (P=0.0012), and latitudinal variation (P=0.0049). Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed the distribution of plant species could be explained by caloric factors and moisture factors, and MAMI (mean annual minimum temperature) was the key factor determining the distribution pattern of Theaceae plant species richness in the study area.

对125种植物、72个网格和6个环境因子进行典范对应分析表明：CCA排序轴第1轴主要代表温度的变化梯度，第2轴主要代表水分的变化梯度，说明水分、温度等因素共同影响山茶科植物在广东的生长和分布，其中年均最低温度是影响广东省山茶科植物丰富度水平地带性格局的最大因子。

Firstly, oscilloscope control system based on GPIB technique is presented with friendly operation environment to the HIFU system, and it uses multithreading technique in programming to realize real-time recording and display of the signal; Secondly, temperature collection and data recording system is designed, which also could get real-time recording and display of the 16 channel temperature signal, and it's believed to be of great use for further experiments of the HIFU system; Thirdly, multiple ultrasonic phased array's phase shifter is designed,which could provide 8-bit phase control in a range of frequency where the centrical frequency is 1MHZ. Fourthly, the module of serial communication is realized to insure the communication between devices and computer, including both synchronous and asynchronous communication, which enables the system to transfer data reliably and stably; Finally, the module of digital quantity control is accomplished, which provide for upper application the consistent solution to the control of exterior devices via digital interface. It can get or set the devices state using interrupt mode to receive input signal or send output signal.

主要有以下几个方面：设计了基于GPIB的示波器控制系统，给课题的研究工作提供了一个良好的环境，它采用了多线程编程的方法，能够较好的实时显示当前波形并记录数据；设计了温度采集和数据记录系统，能够对16路温度信号进行并行同步的实时采集，用于HIFU剂量学研究中温度场检测和医疗评价；设计了相控阵相位延时电路并且通过调试，满足了课题的相位控制的要求，在中心频率为1MHZ左右的频率范围内都能够达到8-bit相位控制；实现了串口通讯模块，为各项设备与计算机之间的通讯提供保证，它提供同步和异步的通讯能力，使系统能够可靠稳定的传输数据；建立了数字量控制模块，为上层应用程序提供一致的方法使用数字接口控制外部仪器，它使用中断的方式来接收输入或输出设定的开关量信号，从而得到或设定各种仪器的状态。

According to actual condition, a model of wall thickness of rotary kiln is established. The constant coefficients in the model, including thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient, Fourier coefficient and contact resistance, are closely calculated. A formula of contact resistance is draw from a great deal of data of surface and inner temperature of rotary kiln. The wall thickness of rotary kiln is simulated by MATLAB. The simulation result is transmitted from MATLAB to DELPHI through a group of interface functions compiled by VC++. The basic graphs-circle and line are analyzed by the means of the technique of Visualization in Scientific Computing and the Bresenham arithmetic, and are realized the visualization of the wall thickness. The contents of communication between master computer and slaver computer are designed and the error control technique, the idea of multi-thread and the embedded assembly language are applied to realize the temperature data transmission and graph transmission, which largely improved the speed of transmission and the reliability and stability of system.

建立了符合现场实际的回转窑壁厚数学模型；结合现场采用红外测温仪测量所得的温度数据和回转窑的实际结构数据，确定出适合该模型的定常系数(包括导热系数、换热系数、傅立叶系数、接触热阻等)，并得出与回转窑工况的相近的接触热阻公式ln=T~(0.5154)-36.7868；利用MATLAB软件仿真出回转窑壁厚，并将运算结果通过在VC++的编译环境下编译出MATLAB和DELPHI的接口函数传输到该监测系统中，实现了温度数据的转换和交换；运用科学计算可视化技术和Bresenham扫描转换算法对基本图形——圆和直线进行分析，从而实现了仿真后的壁厚数据可视化；在研究异步串行通信方式的基础上，设计了该系统上下位机功能和通信内容，并运用差错控制技术、多线程思想以及嵌入式汇编语言实现了温度数据和图形数据在上下位机之间的远程传输，提高了数据传输的速率和系统的可靠性、稳定性。

Effects of pH,water quality and temperature on degradation of malathion were examined using orthogonal experimental design and the optimal malathion-degrading conditions in environmental water were determined.

为了减少马拉硫磷对水环境的影响，寻求马拉硫磷在水体中降解的最佳环境条件，利用正交试验设计法考察了pH、水质、温度等环境因素对马拉硫磷在环境水体中降解的影响。

For brown rice rate, cultivars V15 (Shennong 9810), V19 (Yutian 301), and V7 (Qiao 201-2) had special eco-climatic adaptability to low or high temperatures; for head milling rate, cultivar V22 (Ying 9207) presented special eco-climatic adaptability to high temperature, V11 (0157) to low temperature and drought, and V15 (Shenong 9810) and V16 (Longpan 5) to rainless or pluvial conditions, respectively.

糙米率的气候生态适应性表明：品种V15（沈农9810）、V19（雨田301）和V7（桥201-2）分别对低温和高温的环境有特殊的适应性；整精米率的气候生态适应性表明品种V22（营9207）对较高温度的环境有特殊适应性，品种V11(0157)对相对低温和少雨的环境具有特殊适应性，而品种V15(Shenong810)和V16（龙盘5号）分别适应相对少雨和多雨的环境。

Since ventilation and evaporative cooling are the primary means for temperature adjustment in the duck house, a relationship for the traveling distance of water particles under various thermal environment was first established. This allows for the evaluation of efficiency of foggers for evaporative cooling. The relationship was then incorporated into a mathematical model based on the energy and mass conservation principle to simulate the transient change of outdoor temperature and humidity.

由於通风与喷雾降温为调节半开放式鸭舍内温度的主要方法，首先我们推导出雾粒在完全蒸发前移动距离与热环境条件的方程式，以计算於不同热环境条件下，不同大小雾粒的蒸发比率，从而评估喷雾降温的效率；次而利用质能平衡原理建立鸭舍内喷雾降温热环境模式，以计算及预测鸭舍内受外界热环境影响而产生的温湿度变化。

To reduce and compensate the influence of temperature on ring laser gyro bias error and attain the precision of inertial level gyro, the mechanism of RLG zero-bias error due to temperature is analyzed. Based on a great number of environmental temperature experiments of RLG, a general temperature compensating model and a new kind of BP neural network model are established. A method for identifying the model parameter is proposed. Simulation results show that the simplified compensating model can reduce the zero-bias by more than a magnitude and achieve real-time compensating feature.

零偏是衡量激光陀螺性能的一个重要指标，但其受温度影响很大，为了降低和补偿温度对激光陀螺零偏的影响，使其达到惯性级陀螺仪的精度要求，分析了温度对激光陀螺零偏误差的产生机理，在大量高低温环境试验的基础上，建立了一种通用的零偏温度补偿模型和一种BP神经网络模型，并给出了模型参数的辨识方法，仿真结果表明，对该模型作适当的简化，可以将零偏减小一个数量级以上，而且具有实时补偿性能。

It was found that electrical field strength and potential around the the sample changed less in the fully insulated chamber than in conducting material phytotron, so it is closer the real condition. Based on the design, the first fully insulated large artificial climate chamber in China, in which temperature , humidity, and atmospheric pressure can be regulated, has been built in our laboratory. The paper developed an insulation parameters automatic test system of high voltage capacitive equipment based on LabVIEW. In the chamber, On-line tanδmeasurements of the capacitive transformer bushings were completed. The effects of environmental factors on tanδwere analyzed, and the curves between the tanδand the environment parameters were acquired. Then, a grey relational model to analyze the effects of main environmental factors on tanδwas built, and the grey relational grade between them was gained in this paper.

完成的主要工作和取得的主要研究成果如下：提出了全绝缘型人工气候室设计方案，计算分析了气候室内悬挂绝缘子和套管时的空间电场分布情况，并和金属材质气候室相比较，论证了该方案的优越性，据此方案研制的全绝缘人工气候室可调节温度、湿度和压力等参数，满足了人工气候试验的要求；开发了基于虚拟仪器技术的高压电容型设备绝缘特性自动测试系统，完成了人工气候室内变压器套管tanδ的在线测量试验，以此为基础分析了环境因素对电容型设备tanδ的影响情况，获得了tanδ与环境参数的关系曲线，建立了环境因素对tanδ影响的灰关联分析模型，得到了主要环境参数与电容型设备tanδ的灰关联度。

The wet bulb globe temperature can be evaluated by measuring the globe temperature, the natural wet-bulb temperature, and the air temperature (Ta, only with solar radiation outdoors) to provide a fast and useful index of heat stress in hot environments.

综合温度热指数是由自然湿球温度、黑球温度与乾球温度（只有在户外有日晒时需采用）之测值计算求得，可提供热环境快速且有用的热压力评估指标，并已被我国采用当作高温作业判定之基准。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。