率

The results indicate that the polarizabilities of total and л electrons in crease with the increasing of the ring numbers, but the increasing rate reduces gradually.

结果表明：全价电子极化率和л电子极化率均随并苯数目的增加而增大，但增率逐渐降低，当n值足够大时，增率趋于一常数；极化率沿分子链增长方向的增率远远大于其它方向；л电子极化率的增率高于全价电子。

First of all,we tested the germination and water uptake rate of 47 species typical xerophil seeds grow up in north China from 20 families,38 genuses under sufficient water and different Grads water stress by high-molecular-weight polyethylene glycol(PEG6000).The results show that Xerophil seeds from the same habitat exhibited similar patterns in response to water stress.Xerophil seeds from arid community were stronger in germination and imbibition than that from other two communities under serious water stress,whereas Xerophil seeds from humid community were sensitive to any degree of water stress.Namely,the seeds live in arid habitat possessed high germination and quickly water uptake in sufficient water or any degree of water stress,but the others grow up in humid habitat shown significant difference which germination and water uptake well under sufficient water but inhibited even if slight water stress.

首先，我们通过对20个科，38属，47种旱生植物种子在水分充足和不同梯度的干旱处理(聚乙二醇PEG6000)条件下的萌发率及吸水率实验发现，当水分胁迫强烈时，分布于干旱沙漠地区的植物种子其吸水率和萌发率都高于半干旱和湿润地区的植物群落，相反，湿润地区植物种子的吸水率和萌发率对任何的水分胁迫都表现出敏感的响应趋势，也就是说，生境恶劣的植物种子在较强的干旱胁迫下，仍然保持了较高较快的萌发率及吸水率，水分充足与水分缺乏时无显著差异，而生境相对较好的植物种子在水分充足情况下萌发与吸水良好，但在干旱胁迫时则受到明显抑制，水分充足与水分缺乏时差异显著。

Soil available N was positively correlated with spore density of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Dioscorea opposite, and hyphal and total percent colonization of Adenophora borealis, while negatively correlated with arbuscular colonization of Aster tataricus; Soil available P exhibited a positive correlation with arbuscular colonization of Salvia miltiorrhiza and vesicular colonization of Dioscorea opposite, while a negative correlation with spore density of Platycodon grandiflorus and vesicular colonization of Atractylodes macrocephala; Spore density of Bupleurum Chinense had a positive affection with soil organic matter; Soil pH was negatively correlated with hyphal and total colonization of Adenophora borealis and spore density of Bupleurum chinense, while positively correlated with spore density of Adenophora borealis.

土壤碱解N与丹参和麻山药的孢子密度、北沙参菌丝定殖率和总定殖率呈显著正相关，与紫苑丛枝定殖率呈显著负相关。土壤速效P与丹参丛枝定殖率、麻山药泡囊定殖率呈显著正相关，与桔梗孢子密度、白术泡囊定殖率呈显著负相关。土壤有机质与北柴胡孢子密度呈显著负相关。土坡pH与北沙参菌丝定殖率和总定殖率、北柴胡孢子密度呈显著负相关，与北沙参孢子密度呈显著正相关。

Results: Tyroserleutide can significantly increase the life span of H22 tumor-bearing mice by 50-70% in dosages of 20ug/kg/d-80ug/kg/d,specially the high dosage of 80ug/ml can significantly increase the life span by 69.24%; Tyroserleutide can inhibit the growth of transplanted hepatocellular tumor BEL-7402 in nude mice,the rate of tumor inhibition was25-50% in dosages of 40-320ug/ml ,the inhibition rate of 160ng/ml was 44.03%; Tyroserleutide could inhibit the growth of H22 and BEL-7402 tumor in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously, tumoricidal activity of tyroserleutide against BEL-7402 cell line in vitro was observed hinger when compared with the control group(P.05).The inhibition effect of 72hrs was higher than 24hrs,48hrs,96hrs.And specially the high dosage of 160ug/ml can significantly inhibit growth of tumor cell by 19.36%. Tyroserleutide can activated PEM and marked enhance cytotoxicity andphagocytosis functions in vitro and in vivo. The OD values of cytotoxicity were observed hinger when compared with the control group(P.05).The cytotoxicity of macrophages activated by tyroserleutide against BEL-7402 and B16-F10 was 35.58%,61.2% in vitro and21.39%,47.63% in vivo. The cytotoxicity rate of nude mice PEM was 32.86%,73.07% in vivo. Furthermore, tyroserleutide alone could stimulated the production of IL-1B TNF- a and NO by M . Tyroserleutide and LPS could synergistically activated M producing more cytotoxicity effectors. Conclusion: Tyroserleutide had inhibition functions against hepatoma carcinoma .Its possible mechanisms were related to the affect that Tyroserleutide could inhibit tumor cell directively and induce tumor cells apoptosis or death effectively.

结果：酪丝亮肽能显著延长腹水型肝癌H_(22)小鼠的生存时间，给药剂量为80μg／kg／d时疗效最显著，达到69.24％，在20μg／kg／d-80μg／kg／d剂量范围内生命延长率为50-70％，给药剂量与荷瘤鼠生存时间呈现一定量效关系；酪丝亮肽能显著抑制人肝癌BEL-7402移植瘤裸鼠的肿瘤生长，给药剂量为160μg／kg／d时疗效最显著，抑制率为44.03％，并且在40-320μg／kg／d剂量范围内抑制率为25-50％，给药剂量与肿瘤抑制率呈现一定量效关系；酪丝亮肽体外对人肝癌BEL-7402细胞生长有一定的抑制作用，在作用72hrs时各浓度酪丝亮肽对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用较24hrs、48hrs、96hrs明显，其中浓度为100μg／ml时抑制率达19.36％；酪丝亮肽体内外均能增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞对肿瘤细胞的杀伤：体外作用中巨噬细胞对BEL-7402、B16-F10的杀伤功能明显增强，与效应细胞对照组相比有显著性差异(P＜0.05)杀伤率分别达到35.58％、61.2％；体内作用中巨噬细胞对BEL-7402、B16-F10的杀伤功能明显增强，与生理盐水对照组相比有显著性差异(P 。05)，杀伤率分别达到21.39%、47.63%；裸鼠腹腔巨噬细胞经酪丝亮肤作用后对BEL一7402、B 16一F10杀伤功能明显增强，与生理盐水对照组相比有显著性差异(P.05)，最高杀伤率分别达到32.86%、73.07%；酪丝亮肤能增强单核巨噬细胞系统的吞噬功能，吞噬指数与生理盐水组比较有显著性差异(P.05)；酪丝亮肤体外作用能促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌合成细胞毒效应分子IL一lp、TNF一Q和NO，与效应细胞对照组相比有显著性差异(P.05)；酪丝亮肤体内作用能促进小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞分泌合成细胞毒效应分子IL一lp、TNF一Q和NO，与生理盐水对照组相比有显著性差异(P.05)；酪丝亮肤能促进鼠巨噬细胞株R戌W264.7分泌合成IL一1p和NO，IL一1日、NO水平分别在酪丝亮肤作用24hrs、12hrs时达到高峰，酪丝亮肤单独应用能提高巨噬细胞的分泌合成功能，而且酪丝亮肤能与LPS协同作用刺激巨噬细胞的细胞毒效应分子分泌合成。

Pupation rate, immatured worm, dead cocoon rate, cocoon shell weight, cocoon weight, percentage of cocoon shell weight, cocoon crop from 10000worms and cocoon shell weight from 10000 worms were controlled by genes with additive and dominant effects, but no epistatic effects in these traits.

结果表明，家蚕的虫蛹率、幼虫生命率、死笼率、全茧量、茧层量、茧层率、万蚕收茧量、万蚕茧层量8个性状同时受基因的加性效应和显性效应控制，不存在上位作用，茧层量、茧层率、万蚕收茧量呈现部分显性，虫蛹率、幼虫生命率、死笼率、全茧量、万蚕茧层量5个性状则呈现超显性。

Theresults indicated that the initial desorption rate of As was higher than As, but thefinal desorption percentage of As was two times higher than As; that in therange of pH(6.5-8.5), the desorption of As was the lowest（pH=6.5）,and thepercentage increased with the pH value increasing or deescalating, but for the As,thepercentage increased with the increase of pH; that the supersonic accelerated desoptionof arsenic and the final percentage was lower than non-supersonic; that on the conditionof UV-light ,in a word, it took negative effect to desorption The"reproduced process"has been used in the procedure of regeneration.

实验结果表明，初始阶段，三价砷的脱附率高于五价砷，但最终脱附率三价砷低于五价砷；三价砷、五价砷在不同温度下的脱附实验表明三价砷的最佳脱附温度低于五价砷的最佳脱附温度；在pH=5.5-8.5时，随着pH的增大，五价砷的脱附率具有先减小再增大的趋势，在pH为6.5时脱附率降至最小；在pH=5.5-8.5时，三价砷的脱附率随pH的增大而增大；不论是三价砷还是五价砷的脱附过程，超声波条件都会促进脱附速率(来源：ecABC论a4文网www.abclunwen.com)的增加，并且最终的脱附率要高于无超声波条件下的脱附率；紫外光照条件下，随着光照时间的增加，两种价态砷的脱附率会达到一个较高的值，再降低。总体而言，紫外光照的存在不利于脱附的进行。

ABSTRACT It is because that the excellent acceptors for maize transgenic engineering are insufficient in our country, especially in the southwest mountain areas of china and hereditary variation regularity for the two characters such as efficiency of embryonic callus induction and number of regenerating plant (these two characters were abbreviated to the nduction efficiency and number of regenerating in the following of the paper, respectively), which hint the maize culturing capacity, is not very clear. Therefore, aiming at picking out superior acceptors, we had made systematic researches on the two characters with combing traditional quantitative-character genetic analyzing methods such as single-factor genetic mating design, diallel crossing genetic design, genetic effect analyzing method and the modern molecular locating method such as QTLs'. The main results are followed.(1) 50 superior inbred lines and about 30 crosses in our country, especially in the southwest of China were used for identifying and selecting the superior genotypes in the above two investigated characters under the same culturing condition in 2000 and 2001. There was very significant difference among the genotypes in the both characters. But the two characters were not certainly related. Some genotypes such as 18-599 and 18-599 were very good in them. For some ones such as zong 31, induction was higher than 18-599 and 18-599 in the efficiency, but it was only 1/3 to the later in regenerating number. In some genotypes such as S37, R08, R15, P138, A318, induction efficiency was just about 3% and scarcely any regenerating plants were got. On the whole, hybrids acted better than inbreeds in the both characters.(2) Two kind of inbreeds were selected as parents of the Griffing's method 1. 18-599 and 18-599 and the inbred line zong 31 are one kind because they are not only superior in the characters of maize cross breeding, such as CA, resistance to disease and the important agricultural characters, but also excellent in transformation characters as the induction and regeneration.

针对我国、特别是西南山地所需玉米转基因工程育种优良受体极为匮乏和反应玉米幼胚培养能力的2个主要性状，即玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数的遗传变异规律十分不清楚的实际情况，本研究从筛选玉米转基因工程所需要的优良受体入手，采用单因素遗传交配设计、双列杂交遗传交配设计、世代基因效应等传统数量性状分析方法，以及现代分子标记定位主效QTL分析方法，对玉米幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个性状进行了较为系统的分析研究，取得以下主要研究结果：(1)于2000年和2001年通过对我国、特别是西南地区近50份优良自交系和近30个杂交组合，在相同培养条件下，对幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个幼胚培养能力性状进行了筛选与鉴定，发现玉米不同基因型具有完全不同的幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率和胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数，但幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率与胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数并不具有必然的相关关系，有的基因型，如自交系18-599和18-599在胚性愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织绿苗发生数等2个性状都表现相当优异；有的基因型，如自交系综31，仅幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率性状表现高于19-599和18-599，但在胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数这一性状则与它们有相当大的差距，仅为19-599和18-599的1/3左右；有的基因型，如S37、R08、R15、P138、A318等玉米自交系不仅幼胚培养胚性愈伤组织诱导率很低，平均仅在3％左右，而且胚性愈伤组织绿苗发生数表现也很差，基本上没有分化成苗。

Our study includes four aspects. In the first aspect we study several important conditions of porcine oocytes maturation in vitro and oocytes cleavage after parthenogenetic activation and found mNCSU-23+15IU/mlPMSG+20IU/mlHCG+15% PFF+0.57mMcysteine is a good culture condition .When the Cocs are cultured in it ,the maturation rate and oocytes cleavage rate are higher than those of foreign covered. Our result are (86.7±3.35)% and (86.3±4.16)% and the highest report of foreign is(85.7±4.1)%.In the second aspect we study the effect of different chemical activations on development of porcine parthennogenetic embryo and found two best activation method. The first one is that putting the maturation MII oocytes in the 20μmol/L ionomycin for 30 minutes and then putting them in the NCSU-23 condition containing 5μg/mICB and 5mM/L6-DMAP for 3.5 hours, the oocytes cleavage rate and morulae/blastocysts development rate are (76.7±7.6)% and (37.1±6.4)%.The second one is that putting the maturation MII oocytes in the 200μM/L Thimerosal for 20 minutes and then putting them in the NCSU-23 condition containing 8mM DTT for 30 minutes

本研究分为4个部分，第一部分对影响猪卵母细胞体外成熟和孤雌激活后胚胎分裂的几个重要条件进行了比较研究，确立了一种较好的培养方法：与颗粒细胞共培养，找到了一种适合猪卵母细胞体外成熟的培养基：mNCSU-23+15IU/mlPMSG+20IU/mlHCG+15%PFF+0.57mM半胱氨酸，成熟率和分裂率分别为(86.7±3.35)%和(86.3±4.16)%，国外报道的最高成熟率为(85.7±4.1)%；第二部分对猪卵母细胞孤雌激活的化学方法进行了研究，确立了化学激活猪卵母细胞的两种最佳方法：1将成熟的去卵丘颗粒细胞的MII期卵母细胞用20μmol/Lionomycin作用30min，再将卵母细胞培养于含5μg/mlCB和5mM/L 6-DMAP(6-二甲基氨基嘌呤)的NCSU-23培养液中，卵裂率和桑囊胚发育率达到(76.7±7.6)%和(37.1±6.4)%2将成熟的去卵丘颗粒细胞的MII期卵母细胞在200μM/L的Thimerosal中处理20min，再与8mM的DTT共孵育30min，卵裂率和桑/囊胚形成率为(81.0±2.8)%和(39.6±2.7)%；第三部分对孤雌激活胚胎的培养条件进行了研究，确立了一种最佳的胚胎培养条件：在SOF简单培养基中添加颗粒细胞进行前3天的培养，然后转入添加胎牛血清的NCSU—23培养基并和输卵管上皮细胞进行后期的培养，其桑椹胚和囊胚的发育率为(59.5±3.2)%；第四部分研究了IGF-I

The average rate of volume shrinkage of oven-dried in Larix gmelini was 6.34%, the average rate of radial shrinkage of oven-dried in Larix gmelini was 1.98%, the average rate of tangential shrinkage of oven-dried in Larix gmelini was 4.23%. Variance of volume shrinkage of oven-dried in Larix gmelini was more significant among trees, and its value ranged from 4.48% to 7.59%. Variance of radical shrinkage of oven-dried in Larix gmelini was not obviously among trees, and its value ranged from 1.27% to 2.69%. Variance of tangential shrinkage of oven-dried in Larix gmelini was more obviously among trees, and its ranged from 2.73% to 5.00%. Difference of value of / among trees was obvious, and its value ranged from 2.15% to 3.58%.

兴安落叶松木材全干体积干缩率的平均值为6.34%，全干径向干缩率的平均值为1.98%，全干弦向干缩率的平均值为4.23%；全干体积干缩率的株间差异较显著，变异范围为4.48%-7.59%，全干径向干缩率株间差异不显著，变异范围为1.27%-2.69%，全干弦向干缩率株间差异较显著，变异范围为2.73%-5.00%；全干弦向干缩率与全干径向干缩率的比值株间差异较显著，变异范围为

The pulsing rate is manipulated so as to repeatably increase the pulsing rate over a time span to an intermediate pulsing rate and abruptly drop the pulsing rate to a decreased rate between the intermediate pulsing rate and a previous rate, until a predetermined final pulsing rate is reached.

脉冲率受到控制，反复使脉冲率在一段时间内增大到一个中间脉冲率和使脉冲率突然下降到一个在中间脉冲率和一个先前脉冲率之间的减小的脉冲率，直至达到预定的最终脉冲率。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。