率

1Niche construction can lead to stable coexistence of diverse genotypes in spatially structured population, which supports a stable polymorphism even without heterozygote superiority.(2)With habitat deterioration, niche construction accelerates the formation of steady polymorphism and hence impedes the harmful influences of environment on the population, which might embody a life-history strategy of organism under the unfavorable environment.(3)Niche construction results in the coexistence with alternative polymorphism through genotype-environment feedback and limited gene flow.(4)The niche-constructing organism is an active force to alter its environment and hence the direction of natural selection in order to better survival.(5)Spatial dynamics and distribution pattern of metapopulation are profoundly influenced by time-lagged niche construction.(6)Metapopulation size can reach a fixed level in the recency effect and equal weighting of time lag but is statistical stability in primacy effect, which implies the primacy effect is most remarkable.(7)The increment in the relative weightingof each generation\' niche construction and the length of time lag are significant factors for system destabilization.(8)Moderate capacity of positive niche construction benefits the metapopulation persistence.(9)The narrowing of niche breadth can decrease the metapopulation size and thereby increase the extinction risk.(10)The coupled function of time lag and niche construction make the system oscillation and generate the spiral wave, spiral-broken and circular wave in heterogeneous habitat.The spatial distributions of metapopulation and resource content are complementary due to a phase lag of their both frequencies.(12)Metapopulation persistence with niche construction depends not only on the balance between colonization and extinction, but also on the balance between the ability of niche construction and natural dissipation of habitat.(13)Metapopula-tion can survive under certain condition when the percent of suitable patches in habitat is lower than the ration of extinction to colonization.(14)Two thresholds exist in the process of transition of habitat quality dynamics from unsuitable to suitable, which include the intensity of niche construction and the initial condition of system.(15)Metapopulation size is positive correlated with the ability of positive niche construction, which means that organism or population who has strongly positive influences on their environment plays an important role to maintain the available habitat.

通过上述几个方面的研究，主要得出以下15条结论：(1)生态位构建可使空间结构种群，甚至是在没有杂合子优势的条件下，形成多种可能的稳定基因型分布模式；(2)随着环境的破坏与恶化，种群的生态位构建作用加速其较早形成稳定多态以阻碍环境对种群的不利影响，解释了有机体在不利环境下的一种生活史对策；(3)生态位构建作用通过基因型—环境反馈机制及有限的基因交流导致基因型多态的稳定共存；(4)有机体的生态位构建作用是一种积极的动力改变环境进而改变其自然选择的方向；(5)生态位构建的时滞作用对集合种群动态和空间分布产生深刻影响；(6)集合种群大小在时滞的崭新效应和等权重效应下达到一固定值，而在首位效应下达到统计稳定，表明首位效应的影响最显著；(7)首位效应下生态位构建相对权重的增量和时滞的长度是影响系统不稳定性动态的关键因素；(8)适中的生态位构建强度有利于集合种群的续存；(9)生态位宽度变窄会减少集合种群的数量从而增加其灭绝风险；(10)时滞和生态位构建的双重作用使系统产生周期振荡，并在异质性环境中产生稳定的螺旋波，破碎的螺旋波和环形波三种分布模式；(11)集合种群与资源含量的空间分布因为相滞而互补；(12)具有生态位构建的集合种群续存不仅取决于侵占率与灭绝率之间的平衡，而且依赖于生态位构建能力同其生境的自然消耗速率之间的妥协；(13)当生境中适合侵占的斑块比例小于其侵占率与灭绝率之比时，生态位构建作用促使集合种群在一定条件下续存：(14)生境斑块的状态从不适合到适合转变过程中存在生态位构建强度和系统初始条件这两个阈值；(15)集合种群的大小同正生态位构建能力正相关，意味着对环境具有较强正作用的有机体对维持有效生境起积极作用。

In the case that the clock rate is variable, when the speed is required to be fast e.g.

在时钟率为可变的情况下，需要速度为快速时，时钟率被设置成高时钟率；当速度不需要那么快速时，时钟率可以降低来减少电能消耗。

The rules of Chinese place names are also used in the model.We applied this approach to a Chinese morphological analysis system,and achieved 90.24% recall and 93 14% precision in clos...

该模型对自动分词的切分作了有效的调整，系统闭式召回率和精确率分别为 90 2 4 %和 93 14 %，开式召回率和精确率分别达 86 86 %和 91 4 8%。

Transmission Electron Microscope and other properties testing results show that the complex emulsifier system is the crucial influence factor of the polymerization process and the properties of products. It may influence the coagulum content and reaction rate of the polymerization process, the performance, particle diameter,viscosity, electrolyte stability and storage stability of the emulsion products and the contact angle of the film.The initiator mainly influences the coagulum content and reaction rate.The acrylic monomers mainly influence the solid content, Minimum Film Formation Temperature of the emulsion and the Glass Transition Temperature of the film.The organic silicone monomer mainly influences the water absorption of the film.The reaction temperature mainly influences the reaction rate and conversion.The stirring intensity mainly influences the coagulum content of the polymerization process.

透射电镜等性能测试结果显示：复合乳化剂体系是硅丙共聚乳液的聚合过程及产品性能的主要影响因素，它可以对聚合过程的凝胶率、反应速率以及乳液的外观、粒径、粘度、耐电解质稳定性及贮存稳定性，还有乳液涂膜的接触角等造成不同程度的影响；引发剂主要影响反应速率和凝胶率；丙烯酸酯单体主要影响到乳液的固含量、最低成膜温度以及涂膜的玻璃化转变温度，有机硅单体主要影响涂膜的吸水率等；聚合反应温度主要影响乳液的反应速率和转化率等；搅拌强度主要是影响到聚合过程的凝胶率。

The frame lengths may be calculated from a greatest common divisor of a set of sampling rates providing watermarks which are robust against sampling rate conversions between any sampling rates of the set of sampling rates.

帧长度可以从提供水印的一组采样率的第一个公约数计算出来，它们对于这一组采样率中任意采样率之间的采样率转换而言是坚固的。

Results indicate that when the strain rate is 1200 s-1, the twin number of samples in different orientation increases with plastic strain increasing; when the strain rate increases to 2800 s-1, the σ-ε curves have no obvious charges as the angle is 0o and 45o, compared with that at 1200 s-1; however the σ-ε curves vary from concave to convex when the angle is 90o, because thermal softening has occurred with increasing plastic strain, which results in the number of twin decreasing, and smaller strain hardening

结果表明：当加载应变率为1200 s-1时，不同取样方向的样品中孪晶数量均随塑性变形应变量的增大而增多；当加载应变率增大到为2800 s-1时，取样方向为0°和45°、流变曲线形状较应变率为1200 s-1时没有明显变化，而取样方向为90°时曲线形状由应变率为1200 s-1时的凹形变为凸形，曲线形状变化的原因是由于应变量增大，热软化效应使得孪

The decoloration ratio of cornhusk hydrolysate was 92.27%. 75% of furfurol, 53% of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural and 98% of polyphenol compounds were removed, and the loss of total sugar was below 5%.

在此工艺条件下，水解液的脱色率为92.27%，糠醛脱除率75%，5-羟甲基糠醛脱除率53%，多酚类化合物脱除率98%，总糖损失低于5%。

The several kinds of Ag-NiFe2O4 cermets with different mass percent of Ag have prepared. Microstructural changes were observed by scanning electronic microscope and composition was determined with x-ray detector. Effect of different content of Ag on the density, property of thermal shock,conductivity and corrodent rate were tested. The results showed that the thermal shock performance and conductivity have improved in company with the addition of content of Ag.

制备了不同金属Ag含量的Ag-NiFe2O4金属陶瓷，利用扫描电子显微镜观察显微组织，由X射线衍射分析化学成分，研究了Ag的添加量对其体积密度、气孔率、热震性、导电率以及腐蚀速率的影响，试验结果表明，抗热震性和导电能力随着Ag含量的增加而增强，导电率的提高和腐蚀率的增大仍是一对突出的矛盾。

Therefore, we studied two levels of biochemistry processing water leakage again in turn after the ozone tower, the ceramic filter the tower and the activated charcoal tower union depth processing craft again, this place principle craft its COD remove rate was 72.8%, anionic surfactant medicinal preparation remove rate was 90.9%, petroleum class remove rate was 78.8%, the total phosphorus and total nitrogen remove rate separately was 73.8% and 82.7%, the final water leakage might directly use in the city afforests, flushes the restroom, eliminates and washes the vehicle and so on, had the good environment, the society and the economic efficiency.

为此，我们又研究了二级生化处理出水再依次经过臭氧塔、陶滤塔与活性炭塔的联合深度处理工艺，该处理工艺其COD去除率为72.8%，阴离子表面活性剂去除率为90.9%，石油类的去除率为78.8%，总磷和总氮的去除率分别为73.8%和82.7%，最后出水可直接用于城市绿化、冲厕、扫除及洗车等，具有良好的环境、社会和经济效益。

In the electrical measurements, the resistivity matches well to the value obtained from bulk single AlCuCo decagonal quasicrystal samples when the temperature is higher than 86K.

在电子输运性质研究中，电阻率的高温电阻率是与块状样品的大小一致，低温电阻率测量中，首次发现了电阻率极小。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。