玄武岩的

This paper presents new data of electronic microprobe analvses on clinopyroxenes from the layers of picrite and associated basalt in this area. It is shown that the clinopyroxenes from the picrite are exclusively diopside, whereas those from the basalt are diopside and augite, suggesting a continuous variation in composition.

本文对该地区苦橄岩及其共生的玄武岩中单斜辉石的矿物化学成分进行了电子探针分析，结果表明，苦橄岩中的单斜辉石全部为透辉石，玄武岩中的单斜辉石种属有普通辉石和透辉石两类，但玄武岩中的单斜辉石成分呈连续演化关系。

Tuyon volcanic rocks are classified as alkali series, which are low in silicon, enrichedin alkali, especially enriched in kalium. The types of the volcanic rocks include trachybasalt,basanite, basalt,and phonolitic basalt.

托云火山岩具贫硅富碱，特别是富钾的特点，属于碱性系列，岩石的类型包括粗面玄武岩、碧玄岩、玄武岩、响岩质玄武岩。

Well-documented Lu-Hf isotope data from the oceanic basalts show that,the starting area of magma melting for the MORBs derived from the DMM component would be in the the depth of garnet peridotite,i.e.at the depth of 80―90 km instead of less than 60 km,which is at the depth of spinel peridotite as proposed early.The HIMU component,which is characterized by its high rediogenic lead,is refered as a special mantle component differentiated at some time in geological history from the lower mantle.A correlation study of Hf-Nd isotope between the chondrite and oceanic basalts implies that no isolated primitive mantle might have remained.

大量的大洋玄武岩Lu-Hf同位素研究表明：具亏损地幔端元来源的洋中脊玄武岩岩浆部分熔融的初熔区位于石榴石稳定场深度，即深度为80-90 km的石榴石二辉橄榄岩地幔，而不是原来所认为的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩区(深度小于60 km)；以高放射成因Pb为特征的高U地幔端元应代表了下地幔物质在某一特定时期发生分异作用的结果；球粒陨石与大洋玄武岩Hf同位素对比研究表明，没有原始地幔物质能保留至今的迹象。

On the basis of the study on the petrology, Trace element, and isotopic geochemistry, the primary magma of volcanic rocks can be divided into two series according to their originated rocks and degree of partial melting. One is the basanite-alkaline basalt-Olivine tholeiite magma series, which are generated by partial melting from spinel Iherzolite; the other is nephelinite magma-alkaline picritic basalt magma, which are generated by partial melting of the garnet Iherzolite.

岩石化学、微量元素、同位素地球化学证据都表明，华北、华南地区的火山岩根据源岩和局部熔融程度的不同，可以分为两个原生岩浆系列：一个是源岩为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩，随着局部熔融程度的增加，形成的碧玄岩岩浆-碱性玄武岩岩浆-橄榄拉斑玄武岩岩浆；另一个是源岩为石榴石二辉橄榄岩，随着局部熔融程度的增加形成的霞石岩岩浆-碱性苦橄玄武岩系列。

The compositions of major elements from the rocks are consistent with those of basalt and have evolutional current of tholeiite.

岩石的主量元素组成和玄武岩一致，并且具有拉斑玄武岩演化趋势。

Volcanic rocks of Xishanbulake Formation and Shuiquan Formation are of alkali basalt series, those of Zhamoketi Formation are of alkali basalt series and tholeiite series, and those of Beiyixi Formation are obviously characterized by bimodal assemblage and mostly belong to alkali volcanic rocks.

其中，西山布拉克组和水泉组火山岩均碱性玄武岩系列；扎摩克提组火山岩分属碱性火山武岩系列和拉斑玄武岩系列；贝义西组火山岩具有明显的双峰式组合特徵，大部分属碱性火山岩。

The basalt is belong island arc tholeiite and series of the calc-alkaline,and have character of island arc in rare earth element and trace element.

玄武岩属岛弧拉斑玄武岩和钙碱性系列，属太平洋型钠质类型，稀土、微量元素显示具岛弧特征，大地构造位置为岛弧中心靠近大洋一侧，与南侧那拉提晚泥盆—早石炭世侵入岩共同组成火山弧，同为古亚洲洋向北俯冲的产物。

The two volcanic materials are similar but are also different ①the partition mode of rare-earth element is similar to that of the basalt.②the increase content of the rare-earth element content in transitional layer shows that it enrichs in this segment due to the volcano events. Moreover, the comparability of the partition mode shows that the volcano-genic materials and the basalt are of the same source.③low Eu anomaly different from the high Eu anomaly of medium-acidic tuff in Meishan section, that show that their formation is different④there are plentiful basalt detritus.⑤there are enrichment of the Ti element.⑥the lower content of siderophile element of Ni and Co, especially in the transitional layer, show that there were not extraterrestrial events and big scale basic or ultrabasic volcano eruption events in this area. These characteristics show that the sedimentary source of Xuanwei Formation and Kayitou Formation is basalt.

1稀土元素配分模式与玄武岩类似；(2)稀土元素含量在异常层的增加反映了火山事件导致了它在该段地层中的富集，而配分模式的相似性反映了火山物质来源与玄武岩具有同源性；(3)低"Eu"异常区别于煤山剖面的中酸性凝灰岩高"Eu"异常模式，说明界线粘土岩成因也不同于煤山剖面的界线粘土；(4)大量的玄武岩岩屑；(5)Ti元素的富集；(6)亲铁元素Ni和Co含量较低，特别是在界线异常层含量降低，表明本区在界线处可能并不存在地外事件和大规模基性、超基性火山喷发事件，这些特征反映本区宣威组和卡以头组物质来源主要为玄武岩。

In this paper, the 3-D finite element relocating mesh method is used to calculate the temperature field and the thermal creep stress field of spillway dam and mid level outlet dam in certain roller compacted concrete gravity dam, sensitivity analysis have been down with different parameters, such as placing temperature, the location of cooling pipe, cooling temperature, time for water supply, ascended-layer of concrete, intermissive time and different placing time, and the commendatory construction scheme have been put forward in such analysis; according by the test result on the two scheme of concrete aggregate combination (basalt as coarse aggregate and limestone as fine aggregate, basalt as coarse aggregate and basalt as fine aggregate), simulation analysis on temperature field and thermal creep stress field of the commendatory construction scheme have been down, and analysis have also been down on temperature field and thermal stress field of the two different aggregate combination, the result indicates that the spillway dam and mid level outlet dam which adopted these two aggregate combination can both satisfy the require of design crack resistance in concrete, furthermore limestone as fine is better than basalt as fine aggregate; the effect of summer water storage and winter water storage on the temperature field and thermal stress field have been analyzed, comparing with winter water storage, in summer water storage scheme the maximum tensile stress at abnormal concrete in upstream fill is decreased by 0.1～0.3MPa and there are no evidence change of the maximum tensile stress at other parts, which indicate that summer water storage is avail for the crack resistance of upstream fill; according to the simulation calculating result and comparing temperature simulation calculating results and temperature controlling measures of some similarity projects both completed and construction, synthesis appraise have been carried to the design temperature controlling measures of dam, and the temperature controlling measures of this project have been brought forward, all these have great reference value on the design of temperature controlling measures and the optimization of the construction scheme.

本文采用三维有限元浮动网格法仿真计算程序，对某碾压混凝土重力坝的溢流坝段和中孔坝段分别进行了三维有限元温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算分析，对浇筑温度、冷却水管的布置方式、冷却水温、通水时间、浇筑升程和间歇时间、不同开始浇筑日期等参数进行了敏感性分析，在此基础上提出了推荐的施工方案；根据两种骨料方案(玄武岩粗骨料+灰岩细骨料方案；玄武岩粗骨料+玄武岩细骨料方案)的混凝土性能试验研究成果，对推荐的施工方案进行了温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算，并对比分析了两种不同骨料情况下的温度场和温度应力，结果表明溢流坝段及中孔坝段采用上述两种骨料均能满足混凝土的抗裂设计要求，且灰岩细骨料优于玄武岩细骨料；计算分析了夏季蓄水和冬季蓄水对坝体温度场和温度应力的影响，夏季蓄水方案与冬季蓄水方案相比，坝体上游变态混凝土区域最大拉应力小0.1～0.3MPa，其他部位最大拉应力无明显变化，夏季蓄水对坝体上游面混凝土的抗裂有利；根据仿真计算成果并通过比较国内一些已建和在建的类似工程的温度仿真计算成果及采取的温控措施，对大坝的设计温控措施进行了综合评价，并提出了该工程的温控措施，对温控设计和优化施工方案具有重要参考价值。

According to the research of Pb isotopic, the metallogenetic material mainly originated from the Permian basalts; the study of sulfur isotopic find that the sulfur of the basalt-type copper deposits and carbonaceous sedimentary interlayers-type copper deposits originated from both Permian basalts and evaporate of sedimentary section, S in bauxitic mudstone-type copper deposits originated from evaporate of sedimentary layers.

研究区三种类型铜矿的铅同位素示踪研究，成矿物质主要来自于邻近的二叠纪玄武岩；硫同位素研究结果显示，玄武岩型铜矿和含碳沉积岩夹层型铜矿中的硫有两种来源：二叠纪玄武岩和蒸发岩中的硫；而铝土质泥岩铜矿中的硫主要来源于沉积地层中蒸发岩的硫。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

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如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。