玄武岩

This paper presents new data of electronic microprobe analvses on clinopyroxenes from the layers of picrite and associated basalt in this area. It is shown that the clinopyroxenes from the picrite are exclusively diopside, whereas those from the basalt are diopside and augite, suggesting a continuous variation in composition.

本文对该地区苦橄岩及其共生的玄武岩中单斜辉石的矿物化学成分进行了电子探针分析，结果表明，苦橄岩中的单斜辉石全部为透辉石，玄武岩中的单斜辉石种属有普通辉石和透辉石两类，但玄武岩中的单斜辉石成分呈连续演化关系。

Tuyon volcanic rocks are classified as alkali series, which are low in silicon, enrichedin alkali, especially enriched in kalium. The types of the volcanic rocks include trachybasalt,basanite, basalt,and phonolitic basalt.

托云火山岩具贫硅富碱，特别是富钾的特点，属于碱性系列，岩石的类型包括粗面玄武岩、碧玄岩、玄武岩、响岩质玄武岩。

Well-documented Lu-Hf isotope data from the oceanic basalts show that,the starting area of magma melting for the MORBs derived from the DMM component would be in the the depth of garnet peridotite,i.e.at the depth of 80―90 km instead of less than 60 km,which is at the depth of spinel peridotite as proposed early.The HIMU component,which is characterized by its high rediogenic lead,is refered as a special mantle component differentiated at some time in geological history from the lower mantle.A correlation study of Hf-Nd isotope between the chondrite and oceanic basalts implies that no isolated primitive mantle might have remained.

大量的大洋玄武岩Lu-Hf同位素研究表明：具亏损地幔端元来源的洋中脊玄武岩岩浆部分熔融的初熔区位于石榴石稳定场深度，即深度为80-90 km的石榴石二辉橄榄岩地幔，而不是原来所认为的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩区(深度小于60 km)；以高放射成因Pb为特征的高U地幔端元应代表了下地幔物质在某一特定时期发生分异作用的结果；球粒陨石与大洋玄武岩Hf同位素对比研究表明，没有原始地幔物质能保留至今的迹象。

The two volcanic materials are similar but are also different ①the partition mode of rare-earth element is similar to that of the basalt.②the increase content of the rare-earth element content in transitional layer shows that it enrichs in this segment due to the volcano events. Moreover, the comparability of the partition mode shows that the volcano-genic materials and the basalt are of the same source.③low Eu anomaly different from the high Eu anomaly of medium-acidic tuff in Meishan section, that show that their formation is different④there are plentiful basalt detritus.⑤there are enrichment of the Ti element.⑥the lower content of siderophile element of Ni and Co, especially in the transitional layer, show that there were not extraterrestrial events and big scale basic or ultrabasic volcano eruption events in this area. These characteristics show that the sedimentary source of Xuanwei Formation and Kayitou Formation is basalt.

1稀土元素配分模式与玄武岩类似；(2)稀土元素含量在异常层的增加反映了火山事件导致了它在该段地层中的富集，而配分模式的相似性反映了火山物质来源与玄武岩具有同源性；(3)低"Eu"异常区别于煤山剖面的中酸性凝灰岩高"Eu"异常模式，说明界线粘土岩成因也不同于煤山剖面的界线粘土；(4)大量的玄武岩岩屑；(5)Ti元素的富集；(6)亲铁元素Ni和Co含量较低，特别是在界线异常层含量降低，表明本区在界线处可能并不存在地外事件和大规模基性、超基性火山喷发事件，这些特征反映本区宣威组和卡以头组物质来源主要为玄武岩。

In this paper, the 3-D finite element relocating mesh method is used to calculate the temperature field and the thermal creep stress field of spillway dam and mid level outlet dam in certain roller compacted concrete gravity dam, sensitivity analysis have been down with different parameters, such as placing temperature, the location of cooling pipe, cooling temperature, time for water supply, ascended-layer of concrete, intermissive time and different placing time, and the commendatory construction scheme have been put forward in such analysis; according by the test result on the two scheme of concrete aggregate combination (basalt as coarse aggregate and limestone as fine aggregate, basalt as coarse aggregate and basalt as fine aggregate), simulation analysis on temperature field and thermal creep stress field of the commendatory construction scheme have been down, and analysis have also been down on temperature field and thermal stress field of the two different aggregate combination, the result indicates that the spillway dam and mid level outlet dam which adopted these two aggregate combination can both satisfy the require of design crack resistance in concrete, furthermore limestone as fine is better than basalt as fine aggregate; the effect of summer water storage and winter water storage on the temperature field and thermal stress field have been analyzed, comparing with winter water storage, in summer water storage scheme the maximum tensile stress at abnormal concrete in upstream fill is decreased by 0.1～0.3MPa and there are no evidence change of the maximum tensile stress at other parts, which indicate that summer water storage is avail for the crack resistance of upstream fill; according to the simulation calculating result and comparing temperature simulation calculating results and temperature controlling measures of some similarity projects both completed and construction, synthesis appraise have been carried to the design temperature controlling measures of dam, and the temperature controlling measures of this project have been brought forward, all these have great reference value on the design of temperature controlling measures and the optimization of the construction scheme.

本文采用三维有限元浮动网格法仿真计算程序，对某碾压混凝土重力坝的溢流坝段和中孔坝段分别进行了三维有限元温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算分析，对浇筑温度、冷却水管的布置方式、冷却水温、通水时间、浇筑升程和间歇时间、不同开始浇筑日期等参数进行了敏感性分析，在此基础上提出了推荐的施工方案；根据两种骨料方案(玄武岩粗骨料+灰岩细骨料方案；玄武岩粗骨料+玄武岩细骨料方案)的混凝土性能试验研究成果，对推荐的施工方案进行了温度场和温度徐变应力仿真计算，并对比分析了两种不同骨料情况下的温度场和温度应力，结果表明溢流坝段及中孔坝段采用上述两种骨料均能满足混凝土的抗裂设计要求，且灰岩细骨料优于玄武岩细骨料；计算分析了夏季蓄水和冬季蓄水对坝体温度场和温度应力的影响，夏季蓄水方案与冬季蓄水方案相比，坝体上游变态混凝土区域最大拉应力小0.1～0.3MPa，其他部位最大拉应力无明显变化，夏季蓄水对坝体上游面混凝土的抗裂有利；根据仿真计算成果并通过比较国内一些已建和在建的类似工程的温度仿真计算成果及采取的温控措施，对大坝的设计温控措施进行了综合评价，并提出了该工程的温控措施，对温控设计和优化施工方案具有重要参考价值。

Petrological and petrochemical characteristics show that there exist such volcanic and subvolcanic rock types as basalt, iddingsite olivine basalt, olivine basaltic trachyandesite, trachybasalt, latite, trachydacite, trachyte, rhyolite, tuff and granite-porphyry in northeast Jiangxi Province. The volcanic rocks can be subdivided into high K calc-alkaline series, shoshonite series and alkaline basalt series.

岩石学及岩石化学特征表明，赣东北地区早白垩世火山岩及次火山岩主要有：玄武岩、伊丁石化橄榄玄武岩、橄榄玄武粗安岩、粗面玄武岩、安粗岩、粗面英安岩、粗面岩、流纹岩、凝灰岩及花岗斑岩等，可划分为高钾钙碱性、橄榄安粗岩和碱性玄武岩3个系列。

According to cpx-melt equilibrium pressure, the xenoliths types and simulating calculating of host rock REE partition pattern, source of sodic basalts is garnet lherzolite mantle, and the source of potassic basalt is metasomatic fluid altered phlogopite-containing garnet lherzolite mantle. For the alkaline basalts to sub-alkaline basalts, the melting degrees of the source rocks are 4%～15%.

根据单斜辉石—熔体平衡压力计算、所携带的包体类型及玄武岩稀土元素配分曲线的非实比部分熔融定量模拟表明，钠质玄武岩的来源为石榴石二辉橄榄岩源区，五大连池钾质玄武岩的源区是被交代的含金云母石榴石二辉橄榄岩源区，研究区碱性玄武岩到亚碱性玄武岩是石榴石二辉橄榄岩源区经4％～15％部分熔融程度的产物。

There are two evolutional trends for sodic basalts: alkaline basalt to sub-alkaline basalt and to the contrary. The fact that alkaline basalt has the higher concentration of incompatible elements and the sub-alkaline lower indicates the increasing degree of the partial melting in the mantle sources. The variety of Sr, Nd isotope compositions in different types of rocks shows their different mantle sources.

钠质玄武岩存在着碱性玄武岩到亚碱性玄武岩和亚碱性玄武岩到碱性玄武岩的变化序列；碱性玄武岩到亚碱性玄武岩不相容元素丰度逐渐降低，表明为部分熔融程度逐渐增高的产物；Sr、Nd同位素组成与岩性之间的相关性表明，各种岩浆是不同地幔源区部分熔融的产物。

Distribution scope of the Emeishan basalt is quite broad, and the most main rock type is low-Ti basalts and high-Ti basalts, and has the few picritic basalts, picrites and meymechites.

峨眉山玄武岩分布范围比较广，最主要的岩石类型是低钛玄武岩和高钛玄武岩，并有少量的苦橄质玄武岩、苦橄岩和麦美奇岩。

Three classes of MORBs are distinguished in the transform domain: E-MORBs,Primitive N-MORBs and N-MORBs.Two mantle sources are identified in the Siqueiros region.

转换断层内的洋中脊玄武岩可分三类：富化的洋脊玄武岩、原始的正常洋脊玄武岩(PrimitiveN-MORB)和正常洋脊玄武岩。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。