猝倒

There are two main classes of antidepressant used for treating cataplexy - the Tricyclic antidepressants and the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors.

主要有两种类别的抗抑郁药用于治疗猝倒-三环抗抑郁药和选择性血清素再吸收抑制剂。

The cataplexy, the violence-- they could be neurological.

猝倒 暴力行为--也可能是神经的问题

Most subjects with low levels had HLA-DQB1*0602-positive narcolepsy-cataplexy, and 16% of these patients had a normal multiple sleep latency test. In cases of definite cataplexy, specificity was 99%, and sensitivity was 87%.

大部分低hypocretin-1浓度的患者为HLA-DQB1*0602-猝睡症-猝倒症阳性，其中16%的患者其多重入睡时间检查正常，但若已确定为猝倒症，则其专一性为99%，敏感度为87%。

Frequency of HLA type HLA-DQB1*0602 was increased in narcolepsy with typical cataplexy (93% vs. 17% in controls), narcolepsy without cataplexy (56%), and in essential hypersomnia (52%).

研究中经常发现的HLA-DQB1*0602在以下这些状况都有增加的情形，包括猝睡症伴随典型猝倒症（与控制组比较占了93%）、单纯猝睡症（无猝倒症，56%）、及常见的失眠（52%）。

Because hypocretin-1 levels were not significantly influenced by the use of psychotropic medications or by the presence of other sleep disorders, this testing "may therefore be most useful in cataplectic patients in whom treatment has been initiated, and/or when other sleep disorders may confound the MSLT," the authors write."The MSLT remains the test of choice in patients without cataplexy since very few subjects in this category had low CSF hypocretin-1 levels."

因为hypocretin-1浓度不会明显地受到精神药物或其它睡眠障碍的影响，因此这项检查「可能对那些已经开始治疗的猝倒症患者，或当其它睡眠障碍混淆了多重入睡时间检查的测量时非常有用」，「多重入睡时间检查目前仍然是无猝倒症的最佳检查方式，因为这类患者的脑脊液中，hypocretin-1极少会有低浓度的现象」。

Rarely, subjects without cataplexy or HLA-DQB1*0602, or those with secondary narcolepsy, had low CSF levels of hypocretin-1. Healthy controls, neurological controls without sleep disorders, and subjects with other sleep disorders all had normal or intermediate levels.

然而罕见的是，没有猝倒症也没有HLA-DQB1*0602的患者，或其它次发性猝睡症患者，他们在脑脊液中的hypocretin-1浓度都很低；而在健康的对照组中，不管有没有任何睡眠障碍，他们脑脊液中的hypocretin-1浓度皆正常或为中等含量。

In this case series of 274 patients with sleep disorders seen in specialty clinics from 1999 to 2002, diagnoses included narcolepsy, hypersomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, insomnia, and atypical hypersomnia cases such as familial cases, narcolepsy without cataplexy or without HLA-DQB1*0602, recurrent hypersomnias, and symptomatic cases secondary to Parkinson disease, depression, Prader-Willi syndrome, or Niemann-Pick disease type C.

在他们的研究中，从1999年到2002年为止，共选取274位睡眠障碍患者，包括：猝睡症、嗜睡症、阻塞性睡眠窒息症、肢体运动感觉异常、失眠，及非典型的嗜睡症，例如：家族性病例、无猝倒症现象或无HLA-DQB1*0602的猝睡症、再发性嗜睡症、帕金森氏症引发的症状、忧郁症、普拉多威力症候群（Prader-Willi syndrome），或C型尼曼匹克症（Niemann-Pick disease type C）。

Phytophthora capsici is an important fungal pathogen that causes seed rot, seedling damping-off, root and crown rot, leaf spots, stem lesions, foliar blight, and fruit rot in many solanaceous crops and cucurbits (cantaloupe, cucumber, summer squash, pumpkin, watermelon). Rottingof seedlings prior to emergence (preemergence damping-off) and blighting of recently emerged seedlings (postemergence damping-off) can occur.

茄科疫病菌为一重要病原真菌，其在许多茄科作物与葫芦科作物(如哈密瓜、胡瓜、栉瓜、南瓜、西瓜)中会引起种腐病及种苗的猝倒、根腐及冠腐、叶斑、茎部病灶、叶枯和果腐病，而幼苗前猝倒病与后猝倒病亦皆会发生。

Damping-off, as well as screen antagonistic actinomycetes of Pythium aphanidermatum.

猝倒病的病原菌，筛选可用于甜瓜猝倒病生物防治的拮抗性放线菌。

Field experiment showed that coating agent with uniconazole (No2 uniconazole seed-coating agent) could significantly defend cucumber seedlings agaist damping-off, inhibit vertical growth and strengthen in thickness of young seedlings. It could blossom early, significantly increase fruit numbers per plant and yields of early stage and total yield. After coating cauliflower seeds by No2 uniconazole seed-coating agent, the uniconazole coating did not affect emergence rate, reduced damping-off disease incidence, increased stem diameter and fresh weight of seedling underground parts.

大田栽培试验发现：烯效唑包衣能显著防控黄瓜苗期猝倒病，抑制瓜苗纵向生长和促进幼苗加粗，使植株开花提早，包衣后黄瓜单株结瓜数提高，前期产量和总产量均显著提高；烯效唑包衣花椰菜使其出苗时间略有延长，但对出苗率无明显影响，包衣后的幼苗猝倒病发病率显著降低，叶色明显加深，幼苗茎粗和地下部鲜重显著增加，包衣的植株现蕾期提早，花球单重显著增加且表现出一定的增产效应，但试验的两品种间存在一定的差异。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。