独裁的

In particular, the predominantly anti-positivist German Staatsrechtslehre developed theories during the Weimar Republic, which were designed to debase positive democratic constitutional law with reference to the "actual" constitution, which in turn legitimated and anticipated the authoritarian seizure of power.

特别是，在魏玛共和国时期著名的反实证主义的德国国家法学说发展的理论，它就&现实的&法律制度来设计贬低实证的民主宪政的法律，反过来又预期并使权力的独裁主义发作合法化。

History will teach us that the former has been found a much more certain road to the introduction of despotism than the latter, and that of those men who have overturned the liberties of republics, the greatest number have begun their career by paying an obsequious court to the people; commencing demagogues, and ending tyrants.

历史将教导我们，前者将比后者更加确定的引入独裁之路，在那些过去推翻共和国的自由的人中，绝大多数人都是以谄媚的奉承人们开始他们的事业生涯的；以煽动者开始，以暴君结束。

Corruption took hold of Kenya almost immediately after independence, as the regime of Jomo Kenyatta sought, in a hurry, to shift political and economic power from whites and Indians into the hands of a new African elite.

几乎在国家独立的同时就出现了严重的腐败，那时政权一心慌着要将白人和印度人手中的政治与经济权力转到新兴非洲中坚份子的手上。1978年肯尼亚塔逝世之后，他的前任副总统丹尼尔·阿拉普·莫伊便继续着这种委任制体系与独裁主义的统治，崇尚着个体家族的繁荣。

One of the few points of agreement for most of the 20th century was that tsars were a Bad Thing, a particularly nasty example of natural selection that started with some brutal caesars, took in some belligerent kaisers and found its most excruciating expression in the Russian variants.

对20世纪的人们来说，为数不多的共识之一就是，&沙皇&是个&坏东西&，一个尤为人恶的物竞天择的实例。该词起源于一些残忍的专制君主，包括了一些好战的独裁皇帝，并在俄罗斯版本中衍生出最极端的表达形式。

It is because the Nazi leaders at that time have more important intentions at home and abroad. In interior politics, they aim at eliminating all the other political parties, establishing the Nazi dictatorship and accomplishing the"integration"of all the German people and the country mechanisms. In economy, they try to get rid of the economic crisis, provide enough job opportunities, and develop the armament industry. In diplomacy, they break loose the bondage of"Marseille contract,"rearm their army and reoccupy the lost territories, annex Austria and Sudeten, occupy strong points and prepare all the possible favorable conditions for launching the war for"Lebensraum."

这是因为刚上台不久的纳粹掌权人此时还有更重要的内外目标：在内政上，消灭所有其它政党，建立纳粹主义极权独裁统治，完成对全体德意志国民和所有国家机器的&一体化&；在经济上，摆脱经济危机，实现充分就业，发展军备工业；在外交上，挣脱《凡尔赛条约》的束缚，重新武装，收复失地，完成对奥地利和苏台德的吞并，占据战略要地，为发动夺取&生存空间&的战争创造一切有利条件。

Patria, Minerva, Maria Teresa and Dedé were born in Ojo de Agua near the city of Salcedo, in the Cibao region of the Dominican Republic."Las Mariposas," as they were called, were political activists and highly visible symbols of resistance to Trujillo's dictatorship.

Patria， Minerva， Maria Teresa 和 Dedé出生于多米黎加共和国西宝省的撒尔西多市附近的欧粤德阿哥瓦，正如她们的名字 Las Mariposas所表明的那样，她们是反抗特路基落独裁统治的政治活动家，也是这一反抗活动的象征。

Nigeria's election was the shoddiest since the country's return to civilian rule in 1999; Kenya, east Africa's hub, succumbed to ethnic mayhem after a disputed poll; and South Africa, easily the sub-Saharan continent's leading power in every way, producing one-third of its entire GDP, has entered an ugly phase of politics, authoritarian if not yet undemocratic, just when it should be setting an example of tolerant pluralism to the rest of Africa.

刚结束的尼日利亚大选是该国1999年回归文官统治以来最差的；东非港口国家肯尼亚在有争议的选举以后，已经屈服于种族混乱；南非在各个方面都无疑成为撒南非洲国家的领军人物，贡献了1/3的GDP；但是政治上却进入了一个非常丑陋的层面——在需要他为非洲其他地区树立包容典范的时候他却进入了独裁阶段，如果说还没有达到不民主的话。

Today we do not seek to impose our vision on others, but we are convinced that certain rights are universal -- not American rights or European rights or rights for developed nations, but the birthrights of people everywhere, now enshrined in the United Nations Declaration on Human Rights -- the right to be treated with dignity; the right to express one's opinions, to choose one's own leaders, to associate freely with others, and to worship, or not, freely, however one chooses.

过去20年以来，一个高涨的自由浪潮解放了成千上百万的生灵，扫除了前苏联和中欧那种失败的独裁统治，结束了拉美国家军事政变和内战的恶性循环，使更多的非洲人民有机会享受来之不易的独立。从菲律宾到南朝鲜，从泰国到蒙古，自由之浪已冲到亚洲的海岸，给发展和生产力注入了动力。

After the Second WorldWar, the terrorism of the national liberation movement typehad won the powerful support of the masses because of itslofty political goal; the terrorism of nationalist type insome countries also won the public opinion's sympathy of theworld because of its character of anti- autocracy and opposing ethno-national discrimination.

二战后，民族解放运动型恐怖主义因其崇高的政治目标而拥有强大的群众基础，发生在某些国家内的民族主义型恐怖主义因其反独裁、反对民族歧视的性质也得到世界舆论的同情。恐怖主义在迫使有关国家改变政策方面起到了一定的效果。

You see these cycles in a life, and then you see them in nations,..You see when you think of what I have seen go - first the good old British empire which disappeared when it was supposed to last for ever; Hitler was ranting and raving about a thousand years' rule; Mussolini; the Soviet Union seemed indestructible; the white dominated societies of Southern Africa seemed everlasting... I would have found it impossible to believe that the one in southern Rhodesia could go just like that.

你在生活中觉察到循环，在民族中也能发现这种循环……你不妨体会一下我的观点：号称日不落的大英帝国终于迎来了黄昏；希特勒语无伦次地咆哮着，期待一个千年的独裁；还有墨索里尼；还有那原本看起来攻不可破的苏联；以及那白人社区永久统治南非的黄粱一梦……我就不相信罗得西亚南部的白人统治能天长日久。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。