犹太人身份

Living lives of vagrancy most of the time due to tyranny and abjection, the Jews were always able to stand up and make money again.

由于暴政和身份卑微，在大多数时间里，犹太人过着漂泊的生活，但是他们总是能够生存下来，并且重新开始挣钱。

What Bellow represents is not only their exile in the geographical sense, but also their banishment in the psychological sense.

然而，他所表现的犹太人的身份危机问题是超越时代的、典型的，具有永恒的价值和社会意义。

Traditional Jewish chutzpah is of course an integral part of the Israeli identity.

传统的犹太人太放肆当然是不可分割的一部分，以色列的身份。

For Jewishness has no essential meaning, it is a product of ethnical, religious and cultural environments.

他刻画的犹太人物中没有一人能体现出恒稳不变的犹太性，因为对罗斯来说不存在这样的群体身份，犹太性注定是多面多变的，它是民族、宗教、文化等环境所造就的，并随之变化。

As for Jewish group identity, it also lacks stability and takes different forms.

罗斯作品中犹太人的群体身份也同样缺乏稳定性，它以杂乱纷呈的形式存在着。

So far my Jewishness has made no difference, and my semi-elebrity has helped.

到现在为止，我的犹太人身份还没有带来什么影响，而我的小小名声倒是对我有所助益。

Then he began to perplexed, unknowing if it was right to get respect from others by running.

他开始迷茫起来，不知道通过跑步希望让具有犹太人身份的自己获得被同学承认和尊重的方法是否正确。

Among his many literary productions, The Counterlife is one novel exploring the cause of the crisis of Jewish identity, Jewish culture, and the relationship between life and art.

其中《反生活》就是一部探究犹太人身份危机，民族文化和人生与艺术的作品。

However, since the very novel The Counterlife, Roth has expanded his meditation to Jewish identity and Jewish problems during the post-alienation period such as the attitudes of different Jews towards Jewish identity, the divergence between American Jews and Israeli Jews, and conflict between Jews and Gentiles etc..

然而，从《反生活》这部小说开始，罗斯把注意力转移到犹太人的民族身份问题上，并且开始探讨犹。。。更多太人在后异化时期面临的种种问题，比如：不同犹太人对待犹太身份的迥异态度，美国犹太人和以色列犹太人的不同以及犹太人和非犹太人之间的矛盾冲突。

They came after a long effort by such figures as Simone Veil, a politician and Holocaust survivor, Cardinal Lustiger, former archbishop of Paris of Jewish origin, Claude Lanzmann, director of the 1985 film "Shoah", and Serge Klarsfeld, a Nazi hunter whose father died at Auschwitz, to record the details of every Jew deported from France.

这一评述是在一大批正义之士的长期努力下催生的。这其中包括政治家西蒙娜·韦伊，同时是犹太人大屠杀中的幸存者；前巴黎红衣主教吕斯蒂杰，犹太人出身；导演克劳德·朗兹曼，于1985年拍摄了影片《浩劫》；以及有纳粹猎人之称的瑟奇·克拉斯费德，其父死于奥斯维辛集中营。他们的努力记录下了每一个由法国遣送的犹太人的具体身份。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。