状语的

When the people in the town see the old man and the boy carrying the donkey, they all start laughing.

镇里的人看见老人和男孩都抬着驴，他们都开始笑话他们。这是一个由 when 引导的时间状语从句。如

The absence of rhyme at the end of each line.

在英语中，当状语从句中的主语与主句的

Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.

过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，在句子中可以用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独构成谓语。

NVverbal modifying structure is a verbal structure. From synchronic and diachronic views, we conclude that noun can be the headword of the structure.

状中偏正短语是动词性的短语，我们从共时和历时的角度考察，认为名词可以充当状语。

Q:After Beethoven went back home,he worked all night writing down the new piece of music.

A：writing down the new piece of music，是一个现在分词短语，在句中作伴随状语，表示主语发出的一个与谓语动作同时进行的动作。

And if you change your mind, you will not be penalized so long as you have not purchased your ticket and you are not holding a supersaver reservation, or so long as more than seven days remain prior to departure.

要点：这个句子是个主从复合句，其中if引导条件的从句，而主句中包含so long as 引导的三个条件状语从句，分别用and 和or将其连接起来。译文：如果你改变主意也可以，但条件是你没有买票，或者没有预定超级优惠票，或者至少在航班发出前七天告之。

The displacement of the preposed attributive and adverbial belongs to movement category, or else, the preposed attributive and adverbial have not the structural relationship with the follow-up components.

否则，前置定语、状语同后续成分之间没有结构关系，其位移的性质则只能属于倒装的范畴。

Unlike frogs that metamorphose from tadpoles into adults within a one-year period , mountain yellow-legged frogs of the Sierra Nevada take three to four years to reach adulthood, thus restricted to deeper bodies of water that do not dry up in summer or freeze solid in winter.

显然，这里 restricted 不是后置定语，不可能去修饰 adulthood ，但即使作为伴随状语逻辑意思也错误，谓语动词 take 与 restrict 这两个动作并不是同时发生的，而是两个动作存在因果关系，前一个动作导致了后一个动作，应该用因果关系的并列句来表达该逻辑关系。

When they do something. The most common type of purpose clause is a "to"-infinitive clause.

目的状语从句可表示某人做某事的意图，最常见的结构是不定式引出目

Turning it over, she saw written on the back : Course in Philosophy.

现在分词短语做状语时，句子的主语是动作的发出者。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。