状态坐标

The user and the caret see the user co-ordinates only, which are used in our implementation independent of the internal state of the gap.

用户和标记只看用户坐标，在我们的实现中它不受间隙的内在状态影响。

An algorithm of finding minimum circumscribed circle for the analysis of coaxial errors is proposed. The aim of the analysis together with FEM modeling is to overcome the difficulty of data collection on machinery in operation. An axis is divided into n-sections.

针对工作状态下机械零部件同轴度误差数据采集难的特点，结合有限元后处理，提出了一种通过求解一组投影圆心坐标的最小包容圆来实现分析同轴度误差的计算方法。

If the relation between wave function and spatial coordinate in different state of electrons is tried to express in a form of diagram, and also, the different diagrams in wave formation are obtained.

若设法将代表电子不同运动状态的各种波函数与空间坐标的关系用图的形式表示出来，还可得到各种波的图形。

Based on the mathematical model of three phase PWM rectifier, and use average state method and coordinate transformation to simplify it.

建立了三相PWM高频整流器的数学模型，并利用平均状态空间法和坐标变换使模型简化。

In consideration of the cyclic symmetry of displacement constraints of group blades, a skew boundary condition and a skew coordinate system are introduced to deal with the constraint condition of group blades or integral blades.

该模型考虑到成组叶片位移约束的周期对称性，引入了料边界条件和斜坐标系统来处理成组或整圈叶片的约束条件，从而可以准确地计算出三维复杂形状叶片组在动、静状态下的固有频率和振型。

The basic idea of the method is: take a diffeomorphism mapping and coordinate transformation to the nonlinear model, to get exact linearization model of the power system, with the state feedback. At last, optimal control method is adopted to design the chaos controller of the power system.

该方法基本路线为：对系统非线性模型通过微分同胚进行坐标变换，再采用状态反馈，完成对电力系统非线性模型的精确线性化处理，之后，采用最优控制方法，设计控制器。

Considering the vehicular SG cruise integrating model under braking condition influenced by some factors of nonlinearity, time-delay and the disturbance, a new nonlinear SMITH predictor is designed to compensate the time delays of control variable in advance. Furthermore, with the resort of pure delay operator, extension of the Lie derivative and the Lie bracket, some issues of SISO nonlinear system with time delays in state variable are resolved, which cover the input-output linearization, invertability of coordinate transformation and the disturbance decoupling problem.the staged transformation and design technique, the vehicle deceleration tracking control and the SG cruise disturbance decoupling control under braking condition are carried out effectively using proposed control method.

在建立制动工况下车辆走-停巡航系统集成模型基础上，针对其非线性、时滞特性以及目标车减速度干扰的影响，提出一种改进的非线性SMITH预估补偿方法，以消除控制变量时滞，并结合时滞算子、扩展李导数和扩展李括号方法，研究并解决了SISO状态变量时滞非线性系统的输入输出线性化、坐标变换的可逆性以及输出干扰解耦问题，实现了SISO时滞非线性系统的综合控制。

In this paper, the delay-coordinate method is adopted toreconstructed the space phase.

论文主要采用了延迟坐标状态空间的相空间重构法。

Firstly, based on the force acting on a single-particle, establish a discriminant formula of the sand threshold, and prove that the sand threshold belongs to the cusp catastrophe. Then establish the basic equation of the cusp catastrophe using coordinate transformation and catastrophe theory. Finally, while particle Reynold number and equivalend diameter are the state variables and Shields parameter is the control variables, we can obtain the model of cusp catastrophe of sand threshold, putting those variables into the basic equations of the cusp catastrophe. The model is derived from the mathematics, which has a certain mathematical theory foundation.

首先从单颗沙粒受力分析出发，建立沙床沙粒起动条件判别公式，进而证明了风沙起动属于尖点型突变；然后通过坐标变换和突变理论建立了尖点突变的基本方程；最后本文选择颗粒雷诺数和等效粒径作为控制变量，希尔兹参数作为状态变量，并把它们代入尖点突变的基本方程，经过拓扑变换得到风沙起动的尖点突变模型，并与前人的公式及实验数据进行比较。

For the purpose to figure out location and function relations of three-dimensional syphon's unfolded curve with any bend angle, any diameter and any section, and to make integration of design and manufacturing for three dimensional big-diameter syphon, methods of engineering mathematics and analytic geometry are provided. Syphon's unfolded curve function in three-dimensional station is analyzed and built; the corresponding MATLAB procedures are compiled at the same time.

为了解决弯管在弯曲角度、直径、节数等变化时的三维弯管展平曲线的坐标位置以及函数关系问题，以实现大直径弯管的三维设计与制造的自动化、一体化，通过利用工程数学及画法解析几何的方法，分析和建立了弯管在三维状态下的展平曲线方程，同时编写了相应的MATLAB程序。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了