状态

Since the 1960s,the leading shipbuilding countries begin to study on the ship condition monitoring and trouble analysis, Nobodys engine-room shipping on duty appeared .certainly the condition monitoring and trouble analysts system also meets some question ,such as: only give alarm or show the actual value of the parameter, does not possess the function of analyzing and giving operator the direct suggestion function about the complicated trouble reason , Only monitor the present running conditions, does not possess the function of predicting equipment future and run reliability though trouble analysis technology makes good progress in these yeas, onboard the ship is still rare .aiming to improve the shipping safety, this paper make some research work on the ship engine-room, the main innovation are as follows:Firstly, this paper introduces and analyzes the research work and current situation on the condition monitoring, trouble analysis and safety assessment .especially in the maritime fields .

船舶机舱系统结构复杂，故障源多，征兆参数丰富，故障与征兆之间常常不存在简单的对应关系，而是相互影响，关系错综复杂。60年代以来，世界上先进的造船国家都相继开展了船舶机械状态监控和故障诊断的研究，出现了无人值班机舱船舶，但仍存在不足之处，如：只给报警提示或显示参数的实际值，不具备对复杂故障的原因分析并给操作者以直接的提示或建议功能；只监测当前的运行状况，不具备预测设备未来运行可靠性的功能；尽管近年来设备故障诊断技术得到了很大的发展，但真正能成功应用于实船的尚不多见。本论文以船舶机舱为对象，以提高船舶营运安全性为目标，来研究船舶机舱的安全控制技术，主要内容如下：首先，介绍和分析了状态监测、故障诊断和安全评估的研究内容和现状，尤其是在船舶领域的研究近况。

The mechanisms of feces control is followed:(1)Perception of oncotic pressure by anal activates the kinetic response of defecation control;(2)The tension of the internal sphincter muscle of anus makes it closed inmost of the time.(3)Tension of anal sphincter and puborectalis mantain the angle between rectum and anal canal and make anal canal closed during the relaxation of anal sphincter ;(4)adaptability of rectum makes rectum engorge in the cases of the not too high pressure of rectum .Destruction of any mechanism above will result in fecal incontinence .

正常人的大便节制主要通过下列机制调控：(1)直肠对膨胀压的感知，激发控制排便节制的动力学反应；(2)肛门内括约肌的张力，使肛管在大部分时间处于关闭状态；(3)肛门外括约肌和耻骨直肠肌的张力，使得在肛门内括约肌松弛期间，维持肛管直肠角的存在，并使肛管处于闭锁状态；(4)直肠适应性，使得在直肠内压不致过高情况下，允许直肠充盈，上述机制中一种或几种受到破坏，就可以引起大便失禁。

It comprises following steps: dissolving cross linker, functional monomer, mode molecule and initiator into pore-generating agent, getting mixing solvent; hypersonic de-gassing the mixing solvent; venting nitrogen after even mixing, sealing at nitrogen condition or vacuum condition; proceeding polymerization reaction, employing heat initiation for molecule engram polymer; grinding got molecule engram polymer after polymerization, sifting and removing mode molecule with organic solvent, checking with high efficiency liquid chromatography- ultraviolet until there is no mode molecule; vacuum drying and getting final product.

具体为：首先将交联剂、功能单体、模板分子和引发剂溶解在致孔剂中，得到混合溶剂；将混合溶剂超声脱气；混合均匀后，通入氮气，氮气状态或抽真空状态下密封；进行聚合反应，分子印迹聚合物采用热引发；聚合反应结束后，将合成的分子印迹聚合物取出研磨、过筛后用有机溶剂除去模板分子，通过高效液相色谱-紫外检测，直到检测不到模板分子；将除去模板分子的聚合物，真空干燥，得到利血平特异的分子印迹聚合物。

The experimental results showed that the absence of effective pollination in wild peonies under natural conditions, especially between different populations, was an important cause for the declining of seed adaptability, and that seed epicotyl dormancy is an important intrinsic factor in its sexual cycle which aggravated the scarcity of wild peony seedlings and populations in nature.

实验证明：在自然状态下野生牡丹缺乏充分的传粉，特别是居群间的传粉不足，导致其种子质量低下；而野生牡丹种子特殊的萌发特性，特别是严格的上胚轴休眠，则是导致其出苗率极低及自然状态下幼苗和种群稀少的重要内因。

The system equilibrium state changes with the system input.

本文认为控制系统的输入直接控制的是系统的平衡状态，而不是系统的输出和状态。

A widely used method for checking real-time systems is,according to the real-time property to be checked,to use a proper bi-simulation equivalence relation to convert the infinite-timed state space to a finite equivalence class space.

一个被广泛用于验证实时系统的方法是根据被验证的实时性质，使用适当的双向模拟等价关系使无限的状态空间转化为有限的状态等价类空间。

To do so, we define an equivalence relation with finite equivalence classes over state spaces of DTITL models.

通过定义DTITL无穷状态空间上的具有有限个数等价类的等价关系，把DTITL的连续状态模型离散化为一阶区间时序逻辑模型。

But the equivalent computation of algebraic equation must be performed to get state variables corrections.

但是，这些算法中的大多数是在实时潮流计算的基础上，利用其中间结果和线性系统的叠加原理，直接求解出事故后的状态变量，都需要通过网络方程求解整个网络状态变量的增量，计算量较大，难于满足紧急状态下快速安全性评估的实时性要求，国内外一系列因静态潮流问题引起的大停电事故就是例证。

By lifting the table control system, we propose the state space model of the lifted system and H〓-norm equivalent discrete system, subsequently, we discuss computational methods of the discrete controller. The analytic and design results indicate that the methods in this dissertation are feasible and effective.

推导给出了转台控制系统的提升化状态空间模型及H〓范数等效离散控制系统的状态空间模型，给出了离散控制器的详细计算方法，并对转台控制系统的频率响应和时间响应进行了分析。

Because all the states of the original nonlinear systems are not available for measurement, the high-gain observer is applied for estimating all states in the equivalent system.

因为所有原来系统中的状态是无法直接获得的，所以本论文利用高增益观察器来估测等效系统的状态。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。