犯罪的人

According to the demand of nullum crimen sine lege, whichever crime should be punished only by a prescribed clause of criminal law. Under this circumstances, the focus of research on joint crime is how to find the link point between the fact of several persons participate in one crime and constitutive elements stipulated by the criminal law.

罪刑法定主义犯罪论体系下，研究共同犯罪问题的实质在于如何寻求多人参与犯罪的情况与刑法分则具体条文所规定的构成要件之间的连接点，将一系列不同于分则直接表述的犯罪修正形式解释的符合于构成要件主客观内容的要求，进而明确对共同犯罪人科处刑罚的规范基础。

The traditional justice against the criminal offence holds that crime is an act against the country that should be punished. The punishment is the pursuit of justice and the social denouncement of the crime. The punishment can be used to deter the criminal and the people who attempt to violate the social norms.

传统刑事司法认为犯罪是需要给予报应的针对国家的行为，犯罪必须接受惩罚，惩罚表达了社会对犯罪的谴责和对正义的追求，并且也可以用以威慑犯罪人和其他企图破坏社会规范的人。

Joint-crime is the most difficult, tangly and depressed issue in the theory of penal law.

在刑法理论中，"共犯"一词有两重含义：一是作为与单独犯罪相对应的共同犯罪这一形态的简称；一是对实施共同犯罪之人即共犯人的简称。

The behavior, characteristics and damnum of the crimes have some special particularities and the criminals are adolescent mainly. Precautious measures must be taken in the fields of legal system, moral and technologies. High technology must bring benefit to human being rather than do harm.

计算机犯罪的表现、特点及危害具有一定的特殊性，针对犯罪实施人主要是青少年这一现象，我们应从法制、道德、技术等方面采取相应的防范措施，我们应还需未雨绸缪，减少犯罪，使高新技术能真正造福于人类而减少其造成的危害。

This essay mainly discusses taxation professional crime in a narrow sense, which means that taxation authoritys personnel take advantage of their professional to for self-seeking misconduct, not collect or collect less tax or during selling invoices,setting off tax or drawing back, for favoritism or self interest, handle for units and persons while definitely knowing that they do not conform to laws, which brings serious loss to the interest of the country.

在犯罪主体方面，强调税务职务犯罪的犯罪主体除一般意义上的税务机关的工作人员外，对那些依照法律法规规定在税务机关行使行政管理权的人员，或者受税务机关委托代表税务机关行使税收执法权的人员，或者虽未列入税务机关的编制但在税务机关从事其他税收工作的人员，也可以成为税务职务犯罪的犯罪主体。

From the view of Criminology and Victimology the author study female family violence offense and firstly definite concepts of female family violence offense and family violence, then analyze the situation, characteristics and harm of female family violence offense, based on

笔者从犯罪学的角度研究女性家庭暴力犯罪，首先界定女性家庭暴力犯罪的概念及家庭暴力的概念，进而分析女性家庭暴力犯罪的现状、特点及危害，并在此基础上研究女性家庭暴力犯罪的原因及其由被害人到加害人的恶逆性转变，最后立足于防治女性家庭暴力犯罪，认为女性家庭暴力犯罪防治应该从以下四个方面着手，即女性家庭暴力犯罪的处遇、被害预防、加害预防及综合治理。

The author deviled the organizing offender into the type of being on the spot and behind the scenes, inside the bloe and outside the bloe, organizing and unorganizing according to whether the person to be on the criminal scene while crime to be committed.

现场的组织犯是犯罪的现场组织者，幕后的组织者已是犯罪的幕后组织者。犯罪集团的组织犯包括一般犯罪集团中的组织犯和黑社会组织中的组织犯。非集团中的组织犯包括犯罪团伙中的组织犯和二人特殊共犯中的组织犯。全部责任的组织犯对共犯者的犯罪承担全部责任，部分责任组织犯对共犯者的犯罪承担部分责任。

Joint-crime is the most difficult, tangly and depressed issue in the theory of penal law.

在刑法理论中，&共犯&一词有两重含义：一是作为与单独犯罪相对应的共同犯罪这一形态的简称；一是对实施共同犯罪之人即共犯人的简称。

According to article 25 of the criminal law of China:A joint crime is an intentional crime committed by two or more persons jointly;A negligent crime committed by two or more persons jointly is not to be punished as a joint crime;those who should bear criminal responsibility are to be punished separately according to the crimes they have committed.

我国刑法明文规定：&共同犯罪是指二人以上的共同故意犯罪；共同过失犯罪，不以共同犯罪论处。&这一方面在立法上承认有共同过失犯罪行为，另一方面又不确认其为共同犯罪，这与现实情况及共同犯罪的法理极不相称。

A study of nearly 10,000 male sex offenders in 15 American states found that 5% were rearrested for a sex crime within three years. A meta-analysis of 29,000 sex offenders in Canada, Britain and America found that 24% had reoffended after 15 years.

一项在美国十五个州搞的近10，000名男性性犯罪者的研究表明：5%的人在三年内因性犯罪而重新逮捕，一项对加拿大、英国和美国的29，000名性犯罪者所做的元分析表明：24%的人在15年后曾经重新犯罪。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。