犯罪

According to in what degree the parties in crime on employment participate the joint offence, the criminals in crime on employment can be divided into abettor and helper, and a comparative analysis on the different two forms of crimes is given.

第二部分主要研究了雇佣犯罪的形式问题，根据雇佣者参与共同犯罪的程度，将雇佣犯罪分为雇佣的教唆犯和雇佣的帮助犯，并对两种犯罪形式进行了比较的分析。

That system represents entirety, justice and preventiveness, Two-way penalty system is a general policy in national criminal law for punishing unit crimes. Adopting two-way penalty system for positional work unit economic crimes is in accordance with the basic spirit of national criminal law for unit crimes.

从主观要件来讲，单位共同犯罪各个主体必须要有共同的犯罪故意，即参与共同经济犯罪的每个单位或自然人通过意思联络，明知自己与其他单位或自然人配合共同实施犯罪会造成某种危害社会的结果，并决意参与共同犯罪，希望或放任这种结果发生的心理态度。

The crime is unconsummated by reason of factors independent of the will of the criminal element, namely, unconsummated crime is not absolutely provided with all the indispensable terms in the Criminal Law: Kinds of Offenses.

其中，犯罪既遂属于犯罪完成形态，其他情形属于犯罪未完成形态。在未完成形态中，犯罪未遂和犯罪中止较为常见，也容易引起理论和实践上争议与分歧。

The criminological school of Equality of men and women imposes strong criticism on traditional criminology for ignorance of women and queries the validity of misunderstanding and unjustness to women in such fields as criminal legislation, judicature, and law enforcement. Based on above reason, sex discrimination is put forward in criminology, which contributes a great deal to development of criminology.

男女平等主义犯罪学思想对传统犯罪学忽视女性的做法提出强烈的批判，并就刑事立法、刑事司法、犯罪处遇对女性的错误理解和不公平待遇提出质疑，在此基础上提出了犯罪学中的性别意识问题，这一点对犯罪学的发展意义重大。

One day, while about to hunt and gather, Gog scratches his head, turns to the rest of his cave-dwelling clan, and says,"You know… every time we go down to the watering hole between the time the sun is on the horizon and the time it's above us in the sky, one of us gets his head cracked open by some goon from the Big Rock Tribe."

哥格先分析相关数据、资料之间的关系（当然，这一过程是在哥格的头脑里进行的， 21世纪的犯罪情报分析专家也是这样作的），发现一种对他族人安全造成威胁的犯罪行为模式，接着分析和描述这种威胁其族人安全的犯罪行为模式（犯罪行为的地理位置或环境，时间及其他相关可疑因素），将他所发现的犯罪行为模式的分析结论传递给他的族人，最后还将他所找到的解决这一问题的对策也一并委婉地告诉了他的族人。

Money Laundering activities are great public hazards in international community. In order to attack and prevent from them in effect, many countries made criminal stipulations respectively. According Article 191 of Chinese criminal law, one should be given penalty if he intentionally launders illegal income from drug-related crimes or from crimes committed by mafias, terrorists or smugglers.

洗钱活动是国际社会的一大公害，为了有效地打击和预防洗钱活动，许多国家都采取了相应的刑事对策，我国立法机关也在《刑法》第一百九十一条规定了洗钱罪，即将明知是毒品犯罪、黑社会性质的组织犯罪、恐怖活动犯罪和走私犯罪的违法所得及其产生的收益而对之进行清洗的行为规定为犯罪。

It calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts,because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle,especially those requiting a vast network of fences.

有组织的犯罪团伙也直接参与：新技术为犯罪提供了无数的机会：如数据信息犯罪、偷窃服务项目、与财产有关的犯罪、工业破坏、与政治有关的破坏、对文化的破坏、针对个人的犯罪和与金融有关的罪行等。

One is division of labor classification method according to their different criminal behaviors in joint offence including principal criminals, conducting criminals, abettors and accessory criminals.

第一种观点认为，主犯分为三种具体的犯罪人，即在集团犯罪和属于共同犯罪的聚众犯罪中的首要分子，以及在集团犯罪和其他形式共同犯罪中起主要作用的犯罪人。

The major issues in current legislation for minors protection include: 1 Although some laws provide for the protection of lawful rights and interests of minors by institutions and individuals, these provisions only serve as recommendations/advocacies due to the absence of corresponding punishment rules against violators; 2 There are overlaps, duplications and even conflicts between existing laws/regulations on minors protection; 3 Long-term, effective measures are not available for effectively addressing certain concrete issues with regard to minors protection, and linkages are absent when multiple institutions are involved; and 4 Protection of substantial economic interests of minors is inadequate, which is yet to be strengthened in legislation.

目前未成年人保护的立法方面存在的主要问题是：1、《未成年人保护法》及其配套设施缺乏有效对接，对未成年人权利的法律保护不健全或者不匹配。2、对涉嫌违法犯罪的未成年人的相关保护还存在很多欠缺，对涉嫌违法犯罪的未成年人被免于处罚后缺乏后续措施，不能有效防止未成年人重新违法犯罪，对涉嫌违法犯罪的未成年人进行讯问时的法定代理人或监护人在场制度的相关法律规定不统一、不健全，对涉嫌违法犯罪的未成年人适用社区服务令、暂缓判决等处罚形式缺乏相应的国内法依据等。3、对未成年人财产权利的保护还存在不足，需要在立法方面得到加强。

This chapter highlights Sutherlands original concept of white-collar crime.

重点论述了萨瑟兰的白领犯罪原始概念，并在此基础上结合时代背景对西方白领犯罪概念研究发展的历史脉络进行了梳理，指出职业犯罪和公司犯罪是当代西方白领犯罪研究的两大支柱。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。