犯罪

We should adhere to three points when judging "circumstance is slight and there is no need to sentence penalty": Minor crimes are limited to three years of imprisonment,short detention and being put under surveillance;the criminal act does not cause serio...

对&犯罪情节轻微不需要判处刑罚的&判断应该坚持以下三点：一是所犯的是轻罪，以三年有期徒刑、拘役、管制为限；二是犯罪行为没有造成严重后果；三是犯罪人的人身危险性小，再犯可能性不大。

" So that the organised crime market will consolidate itself around Sinaloa," says Mr Buscaglia. They're hoping to negotiate a decrease in violence with that one group.

因此有组织犯罪市场仍将以锡那罗亚集团为中心得以巩固，&布斯卡里亚说：&他们寄希望于与这一黑帮集团协商以降低暴力犯罪。

Some analysts doubt this."The government's strategy is to focus on the weakest groups, so that the organised crime market will consolidate itself around Sinaloa," says Mr Buscaglia."They're hoping to negotiate a decrease in violence with that one group."

一些分析家却对此表示质疑，&政府的策略着重于最弱的黑帮团伙，因此有组织犯罪市场仍将以锡那罗亚集团为中心得以巩固，&布斯卡里亚说：&他们寄希望于与这个剩下的强势黑帮集团协商以降低暴力犯罪。&

The law did not have effect until people committed duty crime. Therefore, it is a synectic subject for management and law to explore on preventing duty crime to accomplish an all-round combat in a view of management science.

所以，从管理科学的角度探讨职务犯罪的预防思路，以实现全方位地打击职务犯罪，改变目前这种被动局面，己成为管理学和法学等相关学科共同探讨的课题。

维持原判,Tindal CJ 提出了三条界定方式,沿用至今:"To establish a defence on the ground of insanity it must be clearly proved that, at the time of the committing of the act the party accused was labouring under such a defect of reason, from disease of the mind, as not to know the nature and quality of the act he was doing, or if he did know it, that he did not know he was doing what was wrong".

意为：犯罪之时，出于精神上的疾病；不了解所做之事的本质是何；不理解所做之事是不正当的。这其中第一条是必要条件，第二与第三条满足之一即可）。庭上要有人指认他的精神病史，并精神病学专家出庭作证。个人认为，这给法律的公正性加了许多水分。能够指认精神病史的，必定是熟识被告的亲朋好友，证据真实性有待查究。其次对于专家证据，一些权威总比另一些权威更具权威性，而法律是基于伦理道德以及常识的决断，不该被引入攀比权威的歧途。此外我个人认为，任何犯罪，小到行窃大到杀人放火，都是人类不正当的心理因素引发的过激的生理行为。我们怎么能为其中的一些人，由于他们的心理太过不正当，而对他们的生理行为从轻处决？物极而反么？即便如此，这条界线又该划在哪里才是合理的呢？

The history of the development of criminal law is a history from uncivilization to civilization, from unrecklessness to reason, from severity to lightening, from antagonism to dialogue. Restorative justice is a new criminal law system, which develops form North America and Australia in the 1970s. For those offenders, restorative justice involves accepting responsibility for their actions, by repairing any harm they caused instead of being punished; For those harmed, restorative justice puts an eye on their damage right. And restorative justice repairs the damage relationship and it will meet the human seek for the value of justice, order and ratio. The study of restorative justice has become a wide law topic, which the whole world pays close attention to. Especially in China, because China is trying to build the harmonious social environment.

刑法发展的历史是一部由野蛮到文明、由恣意到理性、由严厉到轻缓、由对抗到对话的历史。20世纪七十年代开始，从北美和澳大利亚等地发展起来的恢复性司法模式，以一种&向前看&的态度对待犯罪人过去的犯罪行为，关注被害人权利的保障，修复被犯罪破坏的社会关系，更好地适应了人类对公正、秩序和效率等价值的追求，于世纪之交成为备受国际社会和构建和谐社会语境下的中国关注的一大法律课题。

Except unital crime, the criminal subjectsinclude general and special ones in the penalckde.

我国刑法中的犯罪主体，除了单位犯罪外，可以分为一般主体和特殊主体。

The reform of unpenalize as an important one of the reform of criminal law in our country, whose aim is to perfect the protectionism, advocate to take the unpenal measures, converge the limited penal resources to be against the serious crime and preclude crime within the most limitation.

非刑罚化改革作为我国刑法改革的一项重要内容，旨在完善我国的保安处分措施，提倡运用刑罚替代措施，集中有限的刑罚资源打击严重犯罪，最大限度地预防犯罪。

The reform of unpenalize as an important one of the reform of criminal law in our country, whose aim is to perfect the protectionism, advocate to take the unpenal measures, converge the limited penal resources to be against the serious crime and preclude crime within the most limitation.

非刑罚化改革作为我国刑法改革的一项重要内容，旨在完善我国的保安处分措施，提倡运用刑罚替代措施，集中有限的刑罚资源打击严重犯罪，最大限度地预防犯罪。66。 1 到那日，耶和华必用他刚硬有力的大刀，刑罚1鳄鱼，就是那快行的蛇；刑罚鳄鱼，就是那曲行的蛇，并杀海中的大2鱼。

Statute mainly stipulates corroboration of testimony of witness in some kinds of crimes, but common law stipulates corroboration for accomplice, victims of sexual offences, andcorroboration of sworn and unsworn evidence of children, which mainly shows demand in procedure.

成文法着重于对几类犯罪行为中证人证言补强的规定，而判例法则侧重于规定共犯、性犯罪被害人及未成年人的证言的补强，其主要体现为程序上的要求。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！