特性态

Soil samples were collected from a 17-year fertilization experiment site in southern Loess Plateau to study the effects of different fertilizations and fallowing on the characteristics of soil nitrogen mineralization, and the transformation of exogenous NO3(superscript -)-N in sterilized and non-sterilized soil samples.

以黄土高原南部17年长期定位试验不同处理土壤为研究对象，研究了不同肥料处理及撂荒条件下土壤氮素矿化特性、灭菌与不灭菌条件下不同肥力土壤对施入外源硝态氮转化的影响。

In the third part, modeling the shell of fan in finite element method, the mode analysis and harmonic analysis are carried out for two shell different in thickness.

第三部分建立了风机外壳的有限元模型，在ANSYS软件中对其做了模态分析和动力响应分析，分析了厚度不同的风机外壳的振动特性。

Digital simulation results show that when a step change in firing angle occurs, the first positive half-cycle time of VC will change suddenly and the subsequent electromagnetic transients appearing in the TCSC circuit will lead to overshoot and oscillations in the TCSC impedance. The range and duration of the oscillation will depend on the synchronization modes used and the manner in which the step change is introduced.

发现脉冲触发角阶跃变小时，电容电压的周期时间也突然变小，使得TCSC的导通角不会随着触发角的阶跃变化而发生突变，而是经过一个振荡过程逐渐达到稳态值，进一步揭示了电容电压同步方式下阻抗阶跃特性会出现过冲和振荡现象的原因。

The basic relationship between the the first half-wave peak value of transient current and the initial firing angles is found by means of analytical method.The practical method is put forward to determine the initial two-phase and the third phase firing angles with the limiting value and the space vector varying track of transient current.And then the subsequent series of firing angles with the even step are calculated by using the speed at the time of re-switching.The suppressive effect to the inrush current is verified with simulation and experiment of rapid soft re-switching control,by which the influence of different speed to rapid soft re-switching course is analyzed besides.3 To analyze the power loss for typical periodically variable running load and deeply study the energy-saving principle and control mode of the intermittent power supply approach. Futhermore,the novel integrated energy-saving control technique is developed on base of the intermittent power supply approach.

通过解析方法找到快速软投入初始触发角与瞬态电流首半波峰值加热板之间的基本关系，进而提出了由限流值和空间向量轨迹确定初始两相和第三相触发角的方法，并以固定步长均匀递减的方式由投入时转速计算出其它后续触发角；结合仿真和实验验证了快速软投入对冲击电流的抑制作用，并分析了不同转速下投入时对电源快速软投入过程的影响。3对典型周期性变工况负载特性进行能耗分析，深入研究断续供电节能机理和控制模式，并进一步发展了以断续供电为主的综合节能控制新技术。

The basic relationship between the the first half-wave peak value of transient current and the initial firing angles is found by means of analytical method.The practical method is put forward to determine the initial two-phase and the third phase firing angles with the limiting value and the space vector varying track of transient current.And then the subsequent series of firing angles with the even step are calculated by using the speed at the time of re-switching.The suppressive effect to the inrush current is verified with simulation and experiment of rapid soft re-switching control,by which the influence of different speed to rapid soft re-switching course is analyzed besides.3 To analyze the power loss for typical periodically variable running load and deeply study the energy-saving principle and control mode of the intermittent power supply approach. Futhermore,the novel integrated energy-saving control technique is developed on base of the intermittent power supply approach.

通过解析方法找到快速软投入初始触发角与瞬态电流首半波峰值之间的基本关系，进而提出了由限流值和空间向量轨迹确定初始两相和第三相触发角的方法，并以固定步长均匀递减的方式由投入时转速计算出其它后续触发角；结合仿真和实验验证了快速软投入对冲击电流的抑制作用，并分析了不同转速下投入时对电源快速软投入过程的影响。3对典型周期性变工况负载特性进行能耗分析，深入研究断续供电节能机理和控制模式，并进一步发展了以断续供电为主的综合节能控制新技术。

Lightened on the turbine valve controller designed with feedback linearization theory and introduced nonlinear tracking-differentiator, a novel nonlinear PID valve controller was proposed. This controller can fit not only to plant with some model error and random disturbance in variable, but also to the variety of the structure and operating conditions of power system. The transient and dynamic characters of the controller are both satisfactory when big and small disturbances added. The good performance, wide stable margin and heavy robustness of the valve controller proved that it is a great practical application to enhance the stability of power system.

结合反馈线性化法汽轮发电机组的汽门控制研究成果，引入非线性跟踪微分器和非线性度变换控制，进行了发电机组的非线性PID汽门控制器设计，该控制器不仅能适应一定的系统模型误差与变量的不确定性干扰，而且对于电网结构和运行工况的变化有着较强的适应能力，在受大、小扰动的情况下，呈现了较好的暂态特性和动态品质，具有较好的控制品质、较高的稳定裕度和较强的鲁棒性能，有利于进一步改善电力系统的稳定性，显示了其较强的实用性。

In this study, a spur gear coupled theory combined with a spinning composite flexible shaft theory, is used to develop a double spinning composite shafts model that are containing coupled by spur gears.

中文摘要本文主要目的，在结合复合材料旋转轴的理论与齿轮联结理论，导出含齿轮联结效应之双复合材料轴的运动方程式，并探讨系统的振动特性与暂态响应。

Based upon study of the gas flowrate changes of filler under various filling rates, submersion depth ,microporous and single orifice aeration ways,different aeration density and other conditions the hydraulics characteristics of HSL aerobic biological fluidized bed is studied,which provide good references for optimization design of HSL aerobic biological fluidized bed and similar reactors.

通过研究HSL好氧生物流化床在不同填料填装率、不同曝气水深、微孔曝气与单孔曝气两种不同的曝气方式、不同曝气密度等条件下的填料流气量，揭示了其水力学特性，从而为优化HSL好氧流化床及类似的反应器水力学流态提供有益的参考。

We report an organic bistable memory made of single organic layer embedded the ITO-structure and the Al electrode. And, we also fabricate the same device that interposes the inner metal film, Al. We compare with two kinds of OBDs.

主要的元件结构为在ITO玻璃基板跟铝电极中，嵌入一层有机发光材料Alq3，此元件具有发光和双稳态的两种特性；之后制作另一种结构的元件，在有机材料层中嵌入一层铝金属层。

For the purpose of researching the factors which affect the dynamic characteristic of mast of builder's hoist and analyzing the impact of different factors over system security, the authors of the paper applied the finite element method to build the model and made the modal analysis for mast which was installed with various installation distances or under different working conditions.

目的 探讨影响施工升降机导轨架结构动态特性的因素，分析不同因素对结构安全性的影响。方法采用有限元方法，建立了施工升降机导轨架等有限元模型，并对吊笼运行不同工况以及多种附着装置安装间距下的导轨架结构进行模态分析。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！