特徵

In terms of the synoptic environment and precipitation characteristics, there were some common characteristics in these two cases. For instance, warm and moist air with the conditional instability atmosphere in the lower troposphere, it was associated with the highest equivalent potential temperature gradient and strong moisture contrast to below 700 hPa. The lower-level convergence was the major produced mechanism of MCS and the low-level southwesterly flow generated convective instability.

从综观环境条件与降水特徵显示，两个案共通特徵包括（1）低对流层属暖湿条件性不稳定大气，（2）最大相当位温梯度以及水气梯度分布於700 hPa以下，（3）低层辐合均为个案中MCS之重要激发机制，（4）有明显低层西南喷流，大气呈现对流性不稳定状态，（5）中层短波槽线的移入，以及（6）高层辐散分流场的存在，提供MCS发展的有利环境条件。

Depending on a reliable directional field, it can immediately extract some important features such as the center of whorl, ridge and furrow on fingerprint.

依据可靠、误差较小的方向场可以准确快速地找到诸如指纹螺旋中心等特徵，并且使快速提取指纹图中沟和脊的特徵成为可能。

After the human is detected and extracted, we then track body parts of the human by using appearances of these parts as the features and using particle filters as the tracking kernel. In the particle filter, we adopt color histograms as the appearance features and use a specific histogram mapping to enhance the discriminability between different objects. To form a robust tracker that can distinguish target objects from background objects that have color distribution similar to those of target objects, we calculate the target similarity from both the target object model and the background model.

当人体被侦测及切割出来后，接著我们使用人体部位外观当作特徵并且使用粒子滤波器作为核心来追踪此人体，我们采等化之颜色统计表当作粒子滤波器中使用的外观特徵以强化不同物体的鉴别率，为了建立可稳健区别目标物及背景物体的追踪器，我们同时使用目标的模型和背景模型来计算目标物的相似度，为了对抗背景及目标物的外观变化，背景模型及目标物模型都是可适应变化的。

In such doing, this dissertation serves as a step stone for papers of its counterparts to come, and, more importantly, it proposes a strategic alternative to the realization of models for image processing. This dissertation consists of three major parts. In the first part, detailed discussions and delicate analyses of academic papers on Cellular Neural Network will be provided in the hope of helping us see the potentiality of Cellular Neural Network in the applications of image processing. I will focus on the aforementioned limitations on hardware compilation as well. In the second part, I will put forth "texture analysis" as one basic model of analysis when we apply Cellular Neural Network to image processing. In this so-called texture analysis, a useful "spatial feature" is especially drawn to help us overcome possible problems of more complicated Cellular Neural Network applications in image processing."Spatial feature" also serves as a well-functioning mechanism for technology of image identification. In the last part of this thesis, I will look into a case study, where Cellular Neural Network is applied to help de-screen document image. Using it as an example, we will see how algorithms of Cellular Neural Network may be of marvelous use in applications in document image processing, since it would reduce a great deal of calculation and computation when applied to software compilation, yet opens up unlimited possibilities for higher-speed hardware compilation of high-level image processing.

这篇论文主要可以分为三大部分：在第一部份里，我们会详细地说明并讨论在过去到现在大部分将分子类神经网路应用於影像处理的相关文献及未来所有可能的发展和技术，另外也将分子类神经网路作一完整的介绍，除此之外，我们也会特别著重於分子类神经网路在影像处理相关应用理论的讨论以及其硬体实现化的考量；在第二部分里，我们提出了一个将分子类神经网路应用於影像辨识处理的基础分析—纹路分析，这是由於纹路分析的复杂性和普遍性会使得分子类神经网路於高阶影像处理的应用不会只局限在单一的影像处理技术，其中我们也提出了一个相当有用的空间特徵，此一特徵不但可以使复杂地高阶影像处理能够应用分子类神经网路，也为影像辨识技术提供了一个很好的辨识机制；在最后一部分里，我们也将文件影像分析做了一个完整的剖析，并以文件影像的去网点为例来说明在实际情况下的分子类神经网路的应用，如此演算法的开发也为文件影像处理提供了更多实际的应用，更考量了文件影像处理若以软体实现时的计算量负荷，而对未来高阶数位影像处理能够以硬体实现来提高处理速度提供了无限的可能。

The method is based on the greedy modular eigenspace scheme, which was designed to extract the simplest and the most efficient feature modules for high-dimensional datasets.

本方法为架构在之前我们提之『贪婪模组特徵空间』GME方法之上，GME方法是以抽取高维资料中最「简单」且最有「效率」的特徵模组而称著。

Finally, gene algorithm is considered to further select a subset of extracted eigenvectors from the set of eigenvectors that have larger correspondent eigenvalues. A projected eigenspace with optimized recognition rate can be generated for face recognition.

最后讨论以GA寻优演算法寻找对脸部辨识有最佳效果的特徵向量子集合并依此子集合组成低维度的特徵空间。

Moreover, the eigenvalue and eigenvector of a linear transformation are also the important topics.

还有线性转换的特徵值、特徵向量等，使学生对向量空间与线性转换有基本的认识。

The experiment used methods of sport biomechanics to investigate the electromyographic magnitude of eccentric and concentric phases under two different stretch amplitudes of drop jumps in order to understand neuromusculor characteristics of different stretch amplitudes of SSC movement.

本研究是利用运动生物力学的方法，探讨肌肉牵张缩短循环（stretch-shortening-cycle SSC）的典型动作drop jump 20、40和60cm之肌肉工作特徵，以便了解浅蹲和深蹲法的DJ跳法之离心和向心收缩二阶段的肌电活动特徵。

Reliability is a joint characteristic of a test and examinee group, not just a characteristic of a test.

信度是一个由测验及其受测者团体两者结合的特徵，并不只是测验本身单独的特徵。

Such Chinese characteristics as familism, authoritarianism, and personalism, long-term orientation, hard-working, etc., were discussed within the author's framework for analyzing Confucianism. Their relationship with corporate culture of family business were also examined.

作者以他对儒家思想的分析作为参考架构，讨论华人的家族主义、权威主义、人情主义、长程取向、勤奋工作等特徵，并讨论这些特徵与家族企业之企业文化间的关连。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。