特征方向

To represent the shape content of an image, the edge orientation autocorrelogram is used. To represent color features, local color cumulative histogram is computed, and to solve the problem of lacking the spatial knowledge of the histograms, we also extract the color moments of the partitions.

用边缘方向自相关图表示图像的形状内容；对于颜色特征，计算图像颜色的局部累加直方图，同时为了弥补其不包含颜色空间分布关系的缺点，又提取了分块的颜色矩，并利用高斯模型对各特征距离进行归一化，综合上述三个归一化距离，进行全局相似度量。

The color moments of partitions are extracted from the L(superscript *)a(superscript *)b(superscript *) color space to solve the problem that the global color moment excludes the color space distribution, the edge orientation autocorrelogram is used to represent the shape content of an image, and the feature distance is respectively computed. The Guassian model is used to normalize the feature. Based on the normalized distance, the global similarity measure is obtained, and the retrieval precision is improved by the weight value adjustment.

为了弥补全局颜色直方图不包含颜色空间分布关系，在La6颜色空间提取分块的颜色矩，同时利用边缘方向自相关图获得图像的形状内容，然后分别计算各特征的距离并利用Guassian模型进行特征归一化，综合上述各归一化距离，进行全局相似度量，最后采用了权值调整的相关反馈方法进一步提高检索精度。

The characteristic, difference and relation of the normal and inverse design are compared detailedly. The formula of the first and second class eigen sensitivity are given. For the horizotal vibration system of building structure, the sensitivity method and perturbation method are adopted to modify the dynamic characteristics. The inverse eigenvalue problem of Jacobi matrix and the positive, symmetry, band matrix are studied. The method of Evolutionany Computation is first used in the inverse design of building structure, the principal problems are studied. The features of aseismatic inverse design of building are analysed.

本文较详细地比较了正、逆设计的特点；给出了特征值和特征向量的一阶和二阶灵敏度分析公式；对于建筑结构水平振动系统，提出了结构动态特征的修改方法；对Jacobi矩阵及实对称带状矩阵的逆特征值问题进行了分析研究，首次将其引入建筑结构抗震逆设计中；首次将进化计算方法应用于建筑结构抗震逆设计中，对主要问题作了探讨；对建筑结构抗震逆设计的特点进行了分析，提出未来的发展方向和前景。

Thirdly, surrounding rock deformation and failure process of layered rock mass in high geo-stress was reappeared through the physical models with different dip angle of rock stratum, and the stress change and failure discipline in the direction of vertical to bedding plane was definitely determined.

根据共和隧道砂质页岩的力学性质，运用相似理论，构筑不同倾角层状岩体的物理模型，研究了高应力条件下层状岩体围岩应力变化及变形破坏过程特征，确定了层状岩体在垂直于层面方向上围岩应力变化规律及破坏形态，揭示了深埋隧道层状岩体的破坏机理；物理模型实验研究得到的围岩应力变化规律及破坏特征与数值模拟分析的结果基本一致，同时也验证了横观各向同性弹塑性本构模型的正确性。

New data of structural styles and geochronometry in the Dulong-Song Chay metamorphic dome indicate at least two epoches of major extensional tectonics: the D, deformation of the rising and exhumation of the dome occurred at 237-228 Ma; and the D2 deformation overprinted and re-deformed on the dome at 86-78 Ma. Of them, the D, deformation shows a consistent forming time, extensional direction and tectonic regime amongst the Dulong-Song Chay dome, South China block and the north margin of the South China Sea basin.

对位于华南地块西南缘的都龙－Song Chay变质穹隆体的研究表明，在中生代至新生代时期，至少经历了2期重要的伸展构造：D1期(237~228 Ma)穹隆的隆升与表露阶段，代表了印支期造山作用前的伸展构造；D2期(86~78 Ma)叠加和改造阶段，并有可能始于176~146 Ma，致使穹隆进一步隆升和表露。D2期构造在发育时间、伸展方向及变形方式等上既与华南地块同时期区域伸展构造特征相一致，也与南海盆地北缘早期扩张特征相一致。

Attempting to use research methods and achievements based on shape characteristic of choreoecology, and using anthropological fields study, and using anthropological field observation methods, we emphasize on clear analysis of the basic shapes and typical characteristics of "Temple VCham" and folk sacrificial dances in Qinghai. We try to have analysis and explanation on the living environment influenced by these religious ceremonies. We hope to make further progress in research in Chinese traditional and national dance studies.

本文试图较全面地运用舞蹈生态学形态特征提取的研究方法，并借鉴人类学田野考察的方法，着重对青海藏传佛教寺院羌姆舞蹈和民间祭礼舞蹈的基本形态、典型特征作出判断，对作为宗教祭祀仪式所由形成的生态环境因素给予一定的分析和阐释，从而在实证性的中国传统民族舞蹈研究方向上迈出实际的步伐。

Taking the example of Shizibao mine field ,this paper describes features of Ma'an coal measures.

通过对井田地质特征、煤系地层、含煤性及控煤特征的简要分析，阐明煤层与煤系地层发育的正消长关系，断定马鞍煤系找煤方向主要应针对煤系地层厚的地段。

Taking the plate tectonics as leading theories, combining outcrop, seismic techniques, drilling and logging datum, inter-verifing manifold researching methods, The paper has amply researched the region. discussed the coupling relation of basin-mountain and the geodynamics system; analyzed geologic tectonic characteristics of the basin; confirmed superposed alteration in Mesozoic of the basin; recompartmentalized tectonic units of the researching region and the basin; studied the tectonic evolution of the basin since Mesozoic; ascertained four large tectonic layers and five tectonic evolution process stages in different ways of formation and tectonic alteration; established different tectonic stages、compages、models and sedimentary filled processes, based on the organic geochemistry and oil-gas geologic characteristics in middle Cenozoic of the basin, the conclusions have been summarized in the paper, such as:The primary source rock in lower Permian and subordinate source rock in upper Triassic are developed in the region with better quality, and secondary hydrocarbon is possible; The bearing system which is comparted by three large tectonic layers and two unconformity surfaces formed in Palaeozoic、upper Palaeozoic to Triassic and Cenozoic developing in the region, compounded with reservoirs of different lithology is developed in the region, while the property of tectonic fracture reservoir is better; Based on the analyzing petroleum accumulation elements and preserving conditions, the deep depressing belt in the north of Luoyang depression、Shiling-Yiyang folded fault belt in Yiyang depression and wide anticline belt in Yichuan depression are advantageous petroliferous region, Zhaizhen anticline in Luoyang depression and Shimen wide anticline on footwall of overthrust in Yichuan depression are optimum tectonic traps.

本文以板块构造理论为指导思想，采用露头区野外地质与盆地地震、钻井、测井资料密切结合，多种测试方法互检的研究方法，探讨了盆山耦合关系及其所控制的地球动力学系统；分析了研究区域和盆地地质结构构造特征，确定了中生代盆地的叠合改造性质，并重新划分区域构造单元和盆地构造单元，深入研究了洛阳—伊川盆地自中生代以来的构造演化；确定了成盆作用和构造改造作用的四大构造层和五期不同方式、方向的构造演化过程；建立了不同构造阶段的构造组合和样式及与构造相关的沉积充填过程；在此基础上通过多种有机地球化学指标，研究盆地中新生代油气地质特征，认为本区发育下二叠统区域主力烃源岩、上三叠统区域非主力烃源岩，两套烃源岩质量均较好，并具备二次生烃条件；认为本区发育古生界、上古生界—三叠系和新生界三大构造层、两个不整合界面分隔、不同岩性储集层叠置组合和构造裂隙型储集层的复式储集体系，其中构造裂隙型储集层储集性能较好；依据油气成藏条件和保存条件分析，认为洛阳凹陷北部深凹带、宜阳凹陷内石陵—宜阳褶断带以及伊川凹陷伊川宽阔背斜带为较有利含油气区，有利的构造圈闭是洛阳凹陷翟镇背斜和伊川凹陷的石门逆冲断层下盘的宽缓背斜

The new model adapts an operator like coherence enhancement diffusion for edge orientation, and defines eigenvalues based on edgers orientation such that the new tensor has positive diffusion coefficient in edge direction and negative diffusion coefficient in gradient direction.

采用类似相干增强扩散的边缘定向算子实现对边缘的定向，然后根据边缘定向的结果设置扩散张量的特征根，使扩散张量沿边缘方向为正向扩散以增强边缘，而垂直于边缘方向为逆扩散以锐化边缘。

Moreover, strong anisotropy is observed in the north and southcentral Tien Shan. Fast Pn velocity in the southcentral Tien Shan is nearly in NS directions, which is consistent with the SKS wave anisotropy concerning mantle flow. However, fast Pn velocity directions in the northcentral Tien Shan show a southward rotation variation. We estimate that it is probably related to the inserting of the crust of the Chu basin from the southern Kazakhstan platform to the central Tien Shan, which caused a change of stress fields and lithosphere deformation.

中天山北部和南部的各向异性也存在一定的差异，南部各向异性的快波方向为近南北方向，与SKS波的各向异性特征基本一致，反映了地幔物质的迁移方向；北部各向异性的快波方向呈向南凸出的旋转趋势，估计与哈萨克地台南缘楚河盆地地壳块体向天山挤入造成应力场的改变和岩石层变形有关。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。