特征参数

There are distinct ultrastructural changes in the detrusor biopsies of the children with NDOA, and they can be used to predict urodynamic dysfunction.

NDOA患儿的逼尿肌有特征性超微结构改变，且与其尿动力学参数有很好的相关性。

In chapter Ⅰ, a historial review of structure control is given; In chapter Ⅱ, A discussion of the controllability and observablity of flexible structures is given, Two kinds of controllability and observablity index are defined, and applied to actuator allocation; chapter Ⅲ considers the reduction of high order flexible structure mode; the content of chapter Ⅳ is about the basic problem of distributed parameter control system design. It is proved that a stable controllor in mode space may be unstable in real use in distributed paramater systems, also, by closed loop mode concept, a pole assignment method of flexible structure controllor design is given; chapter Ⅴ is about the low-authority controllor design, it is pointed out by use of high order eigenvalue/eigenvector perturbation, a better controllor can be designed; chapter Ⅳ considers flexible structure reduced order control; chapter Ⅶ disscusses the basic problem of flexible structure computer control, analyses discreate controllablity and observablity and its computing, the sample period and coefficient wordlength; chapter Ⅷ is on the problem of low flexibility compensation; chapter Ⅸ is a design example.

在第一章简要回顾了挠性结构控制的历史，并且指出控制中的一些问题；第二章讨论了挠性结构的能控性与能观性，定义了两类能控性程度和能观性程度指标，还将能控性程度概念应用于执行器位置的确定；第三章论述了高阶模型的降价问题，比较了适于挠性结构模型降阶的方法，指出其适用范围；第四章内容是分布参数系统设计的基本问题，首先证明在模态空间中设计的稳定的控制器在实际分布系统上可能是不稳定的，进而根据闭环模态的概念，获得挠性结构控制器设计的极点配置方法；第五章的内容是关于低权控制器的设计问题，指出利用特征值高价摄动和特征向量的摄动，可以设计出更加完善的低权控制器；第六章讨论挠性结构降阶控制问题；第七章讨论挠性结构计算机控制的基本问题，分析了时间离散化模型的能控性和能观性及其计算问题，讨论了采样周期选择和系数字长问题；第八章讨论低挠性结构的补偿问题；第九章的设计例子用来说明第二章和第四章的结果。

The case-based reasoning system mainly use object-oriented method, case expression is based on the exploitation a property of the case , use value vicinity to calculate the similarity coefficients, exert two learning way to modify the case, dividedly save the case parameter and the case model.

本系统的基于实例推理模块主要采用面向对象的方法根据实例的属性特征对实例进行表示，采用权值邻近法计算相似度进行刀具实例检索，运用两级学习方式进行实例修改学习，并且把实例参数与实例模型分开保存。

This paper proposed robust characteristic function for real-time flood forecasting system,and established the dynamitic monitor module for rainfall error,and researched dynamitic robust estimation for AR model parameters.

把抗差估计理论引入实时洪水预报系统，提出适合于实时洪水预报系统的抗差特征函数，建立降雨误差的动态监控模式，研究实时修正模型参数的动态抗差估计，结合洪水预报模型，形成具有水文学特点、抗差性强的实时洪水抗差预报系统。

By time-varying filtering, we realize the signal selectivity and interference suppression, especially for the signals with time-varying power spectrum. It is shown herein that conventional eigenstructure based methods are lower dimensional special case of the time-frequency subspace fitting method. The closed-form array response estimation algorithms for blind source separation in wireless communication is also developed in the dissertation by exploiting the data structure of second-order statistics of the array output in the presence of multipath. The proposed method achieves array response estimation with little constraint on signal property and propagation environment such as scatters or angular spread. Moreover, the array utilized here can be of arbitrary geometry and even uncalibrated. Since the closed-form solution is obtained, no misconvergency may occur and large amount of computation can be saved. The equivalent feed model and corresponding optimization designation are proposed to realize the downlink multi-user selective transmission. By coherent and non-coherent superposition of the electromagnetical field, multiple beams can be formed using a single array, so that each co-channel user signal is transmitted in each beam and will not interfered with each other. The proposed system scheme implements the digital beamforming and the channel allocation in the base band, therefore is suitable for the utilization of the radio software technology. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model are proved by the RF experiment.

在窄带条件下，GSC－SSF方法还可以提高阵列的虚拟孔径，从而提高估计的性能；可以证明，Cyclic DOA 和SC-SSF方法可看作该方法的特例或近似； 3、提出了二维GSC－SSF方法和宽带谱相关DOA矩阵方法，利用信号的循环平稳特性解决了宽带条件下二维 DOA 估计问题，并具有阵元数少、计算量较小的特点； 4、提出了时频子空间拟合和宽带时频DOA估计算法，将联合时频分析的理论和方法引入到阵列信号的空间谱估计研究中，利用时变滤波实现信号选择性测向和干扰抑制，特别适合于谱时变信号；可以证明传统特征结构法可看作是时频子空间拟合方法的特例； 5、提出了多用户环境下阵列响应的估计方法——CARE方法，该方法对信号结构和传播参数（主要是散射源分布与角度散布）的约束较少，适用于各种几何结构的阵列甚至未校准的阵列，能够直接得到阵列响应的闭式解，因此计算量小、稳健性好，不存在收敛问题； 6、提出了针对多用户下行选择性发送的阵列等效激励模型、优化设计方法及其系统实现方案，通过空间场的相干叠加与非相干叠加使得单一阵列能够形成多个波束，并保证各波束内的用户信号各不相同且相互干扰最小；其系统方案具有在基带实现数字波束成形、信道分配并便于软件无线电实现的特点，其有效性已得到外场实测数据的证实。

The formulas from an interface relaxation equation for the calculation of specific relaxation time and capacitance dispersion frequency are related to the electrophysics parameters of the grain and grain boundary.

界面驰豫方程确定的特征驰豫时间和电容弥散频率计算式，与晶粒和晶界的电物理参数相关，弥散频率的计算值与实验结果定性相符。

The characters, types, valid parameters, examinable methods and influence factors are summa-rized for π-π interaction. In addition, some introduction is made for evolution of π-π interaction in the field of self-assembly, asymmetric catalysis, organic semiconductor, and so on.

本文对π-π作用的特征、形式、有效参数和表征方法等作了比较全面的综述，同时小结了影响π-π作用的一些重要因素，最后还概述了近年来π-π作用在超分子组装、不对称催化、有机半导体材料等领域的研究进展。

Firstly, pressure, enthalpy, temperature and velocity of pure water at different location of hydrothermal circulation system are described. Density and viscosity of fluid are calculated from temperature and pressure using properties of pure water. Secondly, influences of formational anisotropy and crack zone on hydrothermal circulation are analyzed.

首先讨论了热液循环系统不同部位的压力、焓、温度、水流的密度、粘度及流动速度等参数的特征，其次分析了地层非均质性、裂缝带的存在对热液循环流场的影响，最后分别模拟了近临界状态及侵入体存在情况下的热液循环。

Minimum Classification Error criterion based estimation algorithm is proposed to estimate subword feature fusional parameters.

提出基于最小分类错误准则方法求取子词特征融合参数。

Calling of their features and inputting parameters interactively can sculpt the fusional solid model of the feed system and plastic.

通过浇注系统和塑件特征的调用，采用人机交互输入参数的方法进行浇注系统与塑件一体化三维实体建模。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。