特征函数

The new method is a combination of characteristic approximation to handle the convection part, to ensure the high stability of the method in approximating the sharp fronts and reduce the numerical diffusion, a smaller time truncation is gained at the same time, and a mixed finite elementspatial approximation to deal with the diffusion part, the sealer unknown and the adjoint vector function are approximated optimally and simultaneously.

此方法即为对方程的对流项沿流体流动的方向即特征方向进行离散，从而保证格式在流动锋线前沿逼近的高稳定性，消除了数值弥散现象，并得到了较小的时间截断误差；另一方面，对方程的扩散项采用混合元离散，可同时高精度逼近未知函数及其伴随向量函数，理论分析表明，此方法是稳定的，具有最优的L~2逼近精度。

We give some equivalent characterizations of Bloch type functions in term of fractional derivative, via studying the relative of growth of the different order fractional derivatives of holomorphic function, including the form of supremum and limit, the form of integral and Carleson measure, which are the generalizations of some known results in the unit disc and in the unit ball.

我们从研究全纯函数分数次导数的增长性入手，利用分数次导数给出了它的一类刻画，包括上确界和极限形式的特征，积分形式的特征以及Carleson测度形式的特征，推广了单位圆盘和单位球上一些已有的结论。

In this approach, the integral operator kernel functions is used to realize the nonlinear map from the raw feature space of gear vibration signals to high dimensional feature space.

该方法通过计算齿轮振动信号原始特征空间的内积核函数来实现原始特征空间到高维特征空间的非线性映射。

The integral operator kernel functions is used to realize the nonlinear map from the raw feature space of gear vibration signals to high dimensional feature space.

该方法通过计算齿轮振动信号原始特征空间的内积核函数来实现原始特征空间到高维特征空间的非线性映射。

The results show that small world network model could explain the big change of intensiveness and connectedness in forming process. And individual selection value function could explain the stable intensiveness, connectedness in growing and mature process. Combined the both, the characteristics of the whole process could be reflected.

研究表明，小世界网络模型模拟的集群网络具有集群形成期网络整体密集性和连通性剧烈变化的特征，而个体选择价值函数模型可以解释集群网络的成长期、成熟期的密集性和连通性趋于稳定的特征，将2种演化规则相结合，则可以反映集群网络从形成期到成熟期的各生命周期特征。

In section four, we consider a normal π-subgroup in π-separable group, a normal set and a complex value class function space defined on G, using the B_π-character theory and character-triple isomorphism, and find a classical basis of this space such that it behaves as the set of irreducible Brauer characters, and satisfies the Fong-Swan property.

在第四节中我们考虑了π-可分群G中的一个正规π-子群，以及定义在G上的一个正规集和它上面的一个复值类函数空间，利用B_π-特征标理论和特征三元组同构，我们找到了这个空间的一个经典基，使得这个基具有类似于不可约Brauer特征标的集合的性质，并且满足Fong-Swan性质。

In this paper, the theory, algorithm, and experiment of automatic object detection and tracking are studied in depth. It is firstly pointed out that the essential of Mean Shift method is a special Newton-Gaussian method. A new method named Fast Mean Shift is established to stretch the conservative step of Mean Shift method. The convergence and validity of this new method are proved in theory. And it is also proved that the convergence speed of Fast Mean Shift is faster than that of Mean Shift. The contrast experiments of searching the maximum possibility density of random of data sets in plane and 3D space are done. The results show that this new method can reduce the iterations greatly. A new object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift is built to improve the object tracking performance, which is shown in the face tracking experiment with the tennis sequence provided by the Ohio State University, and the car tracking experiment with the car sequence provided by Kalsruhe University. The face trcking experiment with highly noised images show that the object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift has strong anti-jamming ability. A new fast color object detection technology based on characteristic color is established, which use characteristic color distribution to compute the characteristic color vector of any area in an image quickly. With the high performance search method, the fast object detection is achieved. At last, using object tracker based on Fast Mean Shift and color object detector based on characteristic color with the Kalman filter, PID controller, searial communication and other technologies, automatic object detection and tracking system with control system is built. The availability and anti-jamming ability of this system are verified by some object detection and tracking tests in different scenes.

本文对目标自动识别与跟踪进行了理论、计算、试验三方面的深入研究，主要包括：首次指出了目标跟踪技术中常用的均值迁移方法的本质为一种特殊的高斯-牛顿方法，改进了均值迁移方法步长取值保守的弱点，建立了快速均值迁移方法，证明了该方法的收敛性、有效性以及收敛速度优于均值迁移方法；进行了平面和3维随机分布数据集的最大概率密度搜索对比试验，试验结果表明，快速均值迁移方法大大减少了迭代次数；建立了基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法，利用俄亥俄州立大学提供的乒乓球序列图像和卡斯鲁厄大学的汽车序列图像，对人脸和汽车目标跟踪性能分别进行了对比试验，并进行了高噪声人脸图像目标跟踪试验，结果表明，基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法有效提高了目标跟踪性能，具有很强的抗干扰能力；建立了一种新型彩色目标自动识别方法，采用特征色彩分布函数实现了对任意图像区域特征色彩矢量的快速计算，建立了高效的搜索方法，实现了彩色目标的快速识别；将基于快速均值迁移方法的目标跟踪方法、基于特征色彩的目标识别方法与卡尔曼滤波、PID控制、串行通讯等技术结合，建立了带有控制系统的快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统，并在不同场景下进行了目标自动识别与跟踪试验，验证了快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统的有效性和抗干扰能力。

Probabilities of Specific Numbers Resulted from Sele calculation in The Book of Changes and Its Applications in Archaeology;2. So the upper bounds of maximum differential and linear characteristic probabilities for 4r-round ciph.

从而若设轮函数的最大差分和线性特征的概率分别为p和q，则4r(r≥2)轮广义Feistel密码的差分特征和线性特征的概率分别以p2r+1和q2r+1为其上界。

For this purpose, this paper presents a novel clustering algorithm for these mixed data sets by modifying the common cost function, trace of the within cluster dispersion matrix. The Genetic Algorithm is used to optimize the new cost function to obtain valid clustering result.

为此，该文提出了一种基于GA的模糊聚类新算法，通过改进聚类目标函数将数值特征与类属特征相结合，从而实现具有混合属性特征数据的聚类分析；通过引入GA算法能够快速得到全局最优解，而且不依赖于原型初始化。

The experimental results show the validness of the mechanism analyses.2. According to the generation mechanism of the leak acoustic signal, the characteristics of the leak acoustic signal are investigated. The auto correlation technology is adopted to descript the leak signal characteristics due to the ability to analyze the coherence of time series. A new procedure to identify the leak acoustic signal from the disturbed noises is proposed based on the conjunction of correlation and approximate entropy algorithm.3. The principle and application in leak location of the correlation and the adaptive filter techniques are introduced. The problems of the traditional leak location methods are analyzed.4. In order to establish the leak detection signal model, the leak acoustic propagation characteristics are investigated experimentally.

从泄漏声产生机理出发，分析了管道泄漏处湍流拟序结构与空泡间相互作用的机理，认为在该机理作用下，泄漏声信号产生过程具有&不可重复&的特征；由于相关函数具有分析时间序列拟序结构的能力，且近似熵从统计的角度区别时间过程的复杂性，因此，提出将信号相关分析和近似熵理论相结合的方法，提取泄漏声信号&不可重复&的特征，辨识管道泄漏故障发生；在实际检测现场，由于各种管内和管外固定声源噪声(如阀门噪声、工地施工噪声等)常导致泄漏误判和漏点定位错误，重点分析了管内固定噪声源的产生机理和特征，为复杂干扰环境下的泄漏辨识提供理论支持。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷