物种多样性

We put forward the introductive research between the human activities and the diversity of species and the results obtained in the paper is useful to enrich the content of landscape ecology and the protection of endangered species.

本文的创新在于：提出了栖息地增加对物种多度影响的模式、生境重叠的模式以及物种和环境之间相互作用(即环境容量的变化对物种多度的影响)的模式；开展了人类活动与物种多样性的初步研究，对丰富景观生态学和物种多样性的保护具有一定的学术意义和应用价值。

The first axis can basically reflect the elevation gradient variation and the second axis was closely relative to the relationship between water environment and the life form of constructive species.

随着社会的发展，生物多样性研究也越来越受到全球的关注，物种多样性作为生物多样性组成内容之一，是研究和保护生物多样性的基础和核心，深入探讨物种多样性的科学本质和变化规律，研究物种多样性及其生存环境的关系对于生物多样性保护具有重要价值。

The species diversity of Dipentodon sinicus communities in Yushe National Forest Park of Guizhou province was studied based on the quadrate method. The results showed that Rosaceae, Ericaceae, Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Theaceae, Lauraceae, Caprifoliaceae, Cornaceae were the dominant families in D. sinicus communities of Yushe National Forest Park. In the 10 sample plots, there were 8 which were absolutely dominated with D. sinicus population, the importance value came up to 135.69 on average, and it was far higher than the others. For D. sinicus communities, the abundance index (2.847), Simpson index (0.601), Shannon-Wiener index (1.523), probability of inter-specific encounter (0.601) and species evenness (0.569) of the tree layer were lower than those of the shrub layer (5.580, 0.830, 2.377, 0.829, 0.672, respectively) on the whole. It markedly showed a species diversity characteristic of the mixed broadleaved evergreen and deciduous forest in middle subtropics. In the 10 sample plots, the species diversity level of Q1 was the highest, followed by Q3, Q5 and Q6 was the lowest.

摘要运用样方法对贵州省玉舍国家级森林公园稀有保护植物十齿花群落的物种多样性进行了研究，结果表明：玉舍国家级森林公园十齿花群落以蔷薇科、杜鹃花科、壳斗科、桦木科、山茶科、樟科、忍冬科、山茱萸科等为优势科；10个样地中有8个样地以十齿花种群占绝对优势，其平均重要值高达135.69，远远高于其它种群；十齿花群落乔木层物种丰富度为2.847、Simpson指数为0.601、Shannon-Wiener指数为1.523、种间相遇机率为0.601、均匀度指数为0.569，总体上均小于灌木层(分别为：5.580、0.830、2.377、0.829、0.672)，表现为较明显的亚热带常绿落叶阔叶混交林的物种多样性特征。10个样地中，Q1的物种多样性程度最高，Q3次之，Q5和Q6最小，多样性程度最低，10个样地的物种多样性排序为Q1＞Q3＞Q9＞Q7＞Q2＞Q4＞Q10＞Q8＞Q5＞Q6。

The results showed:①the communities that stipa baicalensis is edificator had the highest species diversity, and the idea that stipa baicalensis communities were the local zone vegetation was supported;②the majority of studied communities were unsaturated in the species diversity, and the species diversity had a tendency to increate with the improvement of soil environment;③the relation of species diversity to community productivity was a one-humped function, that is, the species diversity of mediation productivity was highest;④the species diversity under intermediate disturbance was highest, and the intermediate disturbance hypothesis was supported;⑤the content of potassium in soil had probably an important function, or was an important following factor in the types of grassland community;⑥a new hypothesis on the forming mechanism of species diversity of community, Small Scale Competition and Random-Patch Dynamic Hypothesis, was put forward boldly.

通过上述研究分析得出如下结果：①以贝加尔针茅为建群种的群落物种多样性最高，从物种多样性角度证明该群落类型最适应本区气候和环境条件，应是本区的地带性群落；②绝大多数群落的物种多样性处于未饱和状态，随土壤环境的改善呈明显的增加趋势；③物种多样性与群落生产力呈单峰函数关系，即在中等生产力水平时物种多样性最高；④放牧中等干扰水平物种多样性最高，支持Connell的中度干扰学说；⑤偶然发现土壤钾含量可能在草地植被类型分化中起到重要作用，至少是一个重要的伴随因子；⑥大胆提出了群落物种多样性构成机制的新学说即小尺度竞争随机斑块动态学说。

Sympegma regelii community, a rangeland desert vegetation, has the highest Shannon-Winner species diversity indices (1.706); the communities of Haloxylon ammodendron and Ephedra przewalskii, which have obvious feature of desert vegetation, are in the middle in species diversity indices (0.875-0.890); the communities of Calligonum mongolicum, Populus euphratica, Tamarix ramosissima and Glycyrrhiza inflata, characterized by desert forest of which saline desert bushes and saline meadows are scattered in the communities, have lowest value of the species diversity indices (0.079-0.495). 3 The structure of desert plant community is dominated by the bush layer. The species diversity indices of bush layer (0.769-1.451) is much higher than that of herb layer (0.193-0.254), and the diversity in herb layer is strongly influenced by bush layer. 4 The species diversity of desert plant communities shows a gradient of change with respect to longitude, latitude and elevation. For example, rangeland plant Sympegma regelii, with a high level of diversity indices (1.706), is in transition to desert plants Haloxylon ammodendronn community (with a low level of diversity indices of 1.379) in a longitude gradient and to saline Tamarix ramosessima community (with a low level of diversity indices of 0.376) in a latitude gradient. Calligonum mongolicum community, with a low level of species diversity (0.819), is in transition to Ephedra przewalskii (with a low level of diversity indices of 0.890) and Haloxylon ammondendron community (with the diversity indices of 0.645) in an elevational gradient.

群落Shannon-Wiener物种多样性水平表现为合头草群落最高(1.706)，具有草原化荒漠植被类型的成分；梭梭群落、膜果麻黄群落居中(0.875~0.890)，荒漠植被类型特征明显；沙拐枣群落、胡杨群落、多枝柽柳群落、胀果甘草群落较低(0.079~0.495)，荒漠林、盐地沙生灌丛及盐化草甸植被均有零星分布。3荒漠植物群落结构层次中，灌木层占居主导地位，群落灌木层物种多样性水平(0.769~1.451)远远大于草本层(0.193~0.254)，且草本层物种多样性受灌木层影响较大。4荒漠植物群落物种多样性分布格局表现为经向、纬向和海拔梯度的变化，经向、纬向变化为物种多样性水平较高的草原化植物合头草群落(1.076)向物种多样性水平较低的荒漠植物梭梭群落(1.379)和盐化植物多枝柽柳群落(0.376)的过渡，海拔梯度则呈现低水平的沙拐枣群落(0.819)到高水平的膜果麻黄群落(0.890)向低水平的梭梭群落(0.645)变化。

According to species richness, Shnnon-Weiner indexand sterve of diversity-area, we study on the dynamics of species diversity of the secondary succesional communities of evergreen broaded-leaved forests on Jinyun mountain about ten years.

采用物种丰富度S和物种多样性香农指数H、物种均匀度指数J以及多样性-面积曲线研究缙云山常绿阔叶林次生演替序列物种多样性近十年的变化。

Furthermore, the zoogeographical analysis shows that the fauna in the areas, of 300~600 m is greatly related to that of 600~900 m. So, the areas of 600~900 m are most important to conserve amphibians and reptiles.

因此，保护好海拔600~900 m区段的物种多样性成为保护该地物种多样性的关键，并可以有效地降低电站的建设对物种多样性的影响。

The research about species diversity of desert plant shows that diversity index is higher in co-dominant community.

通过对荒漠植物群落物种多样性特征研究表明，共优种群落的物种多样性指数较单优种群落的物种多样性指数高。

Results on the effects of grazing by sheep on species and functional group diversities had not led to consensus in different communities: species richness, species diversity, diversities of life forms and water ecological type groups decreased with grazing intensity increased except in the Leymus chinensis + forbs community.

放牧对4种群落物种和功能群多样性的影响随不同的群落而表现不同：物种丰富度、物种多样性、生活型多样性和水分生态类型多样性除羊草杂类草群落外随放牧强度的加大而降低，但适度放牧增加了羊草杂类草群落的上述多样性指标。

Abundance index and other indicators of forest Mangdangshan Mountain Nature Reserve, and a comparative analysis of species diversity.

福建南平茫荡山与万木林森林群落物种多样性比较分析摘要本文以物种多样性指数、均匀度、丰富度指数等指标对茫荡山与万木林自然保护区的群落物种多样性进行比较分析。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。