物理过程

The present paper deals in detail with the origin, dynamics, geochemistry and physicochemistry of the ore forming fluids, in combination with the origin of ore forming matter, gold behaviour in the ore forming fluids, equilibrium ...

笔者通过哀牢山蛇绿混杂岩带典型金矿床的物质组成、成矿规律、蚀变及控矿作用的研究，对哀牢山金矿带的成矿流体来源，成矿流体动力学、地球化学及物理化学性质进行了详细地讨论；对金矿的成矿物质来源，金在成矿流体中的存在形式，迁移过程中平衡、失稳沉淀等进行了详细地分析和探讨。

Due to the physical properties exhibit extremely rapid variations with the change of temperature near the pseudocritical point, the heat transfer performance of supercritical fluids are very different from that of conventional refrigerants.

二氧化碳跨临界循环放热过程处于超临界区，由于在准临界点附近CO2 的热物理参数变化非常剧烈，超临界区流体的换热有别于传统制冷剂，气体冷却器的换热优劣对系统性能影响较大。

A set of quadruply coupled equations (fluid flow, convection-diffusion, energy conservation and mechanical equilibrium) with a number of cross-couplings and coupled constitutive relations is formulated to quantify the multi-physics of oil displacement by CO2 injection, implemented into and solved by using FEMLAB. FEMLAB is the first engineering tool that performs equation-based multi-physics modeling in an interactive environment. With FEMLAB, the coupled multi-physics model can be solved simultaneously. The applicability of this model has been demonstrated through an example of simulations for a two-dimensional reservoir of size 1000 m×1000 m with one injection and one production wells. Model results illustrate the significant importance of the cross-couplings between individual (thermal, hydrological, chemical and mechanical) physics.

首先，建立一套流、固、热、多相流等多场全耦合控制方程组及其相应的耦合本构关系；然后，采用FEMLAB为工具来模拟三次采油阶段CO2驱油过程中的流、固、热、物质守恒等多场之间的全耦合作用，是第一个人机交互式的基于偏微分方程组的多物理场耦合分析的工程工具，利用FEMLAB，该4个耦合方程组成的方程组可以一次同时被求解出来：最后，应用该模型来求解一个二维油田的驱油情况，数值计算结果表明，原位应力、注入温度、注入压力等因素对CO2的地下贮存效率、驱油速度等有重要影响。

Analysis of the dynamic process of core degradation, debris relocation within the reactor vessel, molten pool formation, reactor vessel melt-through and corium relocation into the core catcher is executed with the computer codes SCDAP/RELAP and MELCOR, and the reaction among the corium, the sacrificial material, and the metal material, as well as the thermal and hydraulic characteristic of heat exchanger is experimentally studied.

在田湾核电站堆芯捕集器的设计中，综合采用了压力容器外包容装置、非能动供水冷却堆芯熔融物包容体金属表面以及用&牺牲性&材料改善熔融物特性和降低热流密度等项技术；利用SCDAP/RELAP和MELCOR两个独立的程序包分析了压力容器内堆芯的损坏、碎片的分布、熔池的形成、压力容器熔穿和熔融物转移到堆芯捕集器等的动态过程，并对堆芯熔融物、&牺牲性&材料、金属材料等之间的物理、化学反应和热交换器的热工水力特性进行了实验研究。

In this paper, the area in focus is Sungo Bay, one of the most large-scale aquaculture areas in North China. From the view of physical, chemical and biologic, mechanism of sediment resuspension and its ecological effect is studied; Moreover, the wave-current coupling model and prediction model of suspended sediment concentration is built.

本研究以我国北方重要养殖海湾——桑沟湾为研究对象，从物理、化学、生物三个角度出发，研究了沉积物再悬浮的发生过程以及再悬浮介质-沉积物的源汇转换角色及其与养殖藻类的关系，构建了波流耦合模型和再悬浮颗粒物浓度预测数学模型。

Physical pro-cess, and the process can be rever

以通过物理处理的，而且这种过程是可以在加

Rules of m etal cutting process, f unction and p erformance of cutting tools, d riving

本知识\基本原理和基本方法，包括金属切削过程的物理现象及其规律，切削刀

Through simulation of the real process of thomcolumbar burst fracture and use of modem dynamics techniques, the present study was (1) to investigate the kinetic relationship between structural damage and impact energy absorption and dynamics mechanism of thoracolumbar burst fracture by quantitative analysis of various injured segments;(2) to explore the instability mechanism of L1 vertebral burst fracture and its injury threshold by three-dimensional analysis of the injured segment with stereophotogrammetry in combination of transient physical parameters, anatomy and image;(3) to explore the corresponding relationships between impact energy, geometry parameters and biomechanics by geometry and biomechanical analysis of thoracolumbar burst fracture, which may provide an objective standard for evaluation of spinal injury severity and experimental evidence for adoption of biomechanical treatment in clinic;(4) to evaluate the fixation effect of different instruments and the effect of intervertebral bone graft on segment fixation by analysis of the threedimensional stability of different internal fixation instruments and their decompression of the spinal canal, which may provide experimental evidence for therapeutical selection for thoracolumbar burst fracture in future; and finally to investigate the effect of various instrument fixation on dynamical characteristics by comparison and quantitative analysis of frequency and amplitude responses, which may provide certain theories and experimental evidence for application of vibration test to judge the stability of the spine.

本研究从胸腰段脊柱爆裂骨折发生的实际过程出发，以现代动力学检测及计算机多通道高性能数据采集分析系统等高新技术为基础，实时量化分析损伤节段的工程参数，揭示了结构破坏与能量吸收的变化规律，探讨了胸腰段脊柱爆裂骨折的瞬态损伤机制；利用三维立体摄像技术，对不同损伤程度的节段进行三维运动分析，结合瞬态物理参数、影像学和病理解剖，明确了〓椎体爆裂骨折的失稳机制及损伤阈值；通过对胸腰椎爆裂骨折的几何学变化及生物力学分析，明确了撞击能量与几何参数、几何参数与生物力学的相应关系，为评判脊柱损伤程度提供了客观标准，为治疗中采取适宜的生物力学方法提供了实验依据；通过对比分析不同内固定器械的三维稳定性和对椎管的减压作用，评价不同器械的复位固定作用，同时比较椎体间植骨对节段固定作用的影响，为今后临床胸腰段脊柱爆裂骨折的治疗选择提供依据；利用振动测试与分析技术，比较及量化分析了不同致伤状况的频幅响应特征，比较分析了各种器械固定对动力学特性的影响，为今后临床建立基于振动测试与分析技术判断脊柱稳定性的诊断方法，提供了一定的理论和实验依据。

The results indicate that the model has certain prediction ability for stratiform precipitation.

利用MM5中增加的双参数显式云物理方案模拟了西北地区一次层状云降水过程，模拟结果显示对小雨的预报评分较高，对中雨以上评分低而且位置有一定偏差，即对层状云降水模拟效果较好。

Since there are few studies on deep structure and dynamics progress of the Western Himalayan Syntaxis region, and also restricts from natural and political conditions, further studies and exploitations are needed on such key problems as the exchange of matter-energy at depth and its physical-mechanical process.

由于西构造结区深部结构和动力学研究工作尚少，而又因自然条件和政治环境的制约，故该区深部物质与能量的交换和其物理-力学过程等核心问题尚有待于加强研究和探索。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。