物理过程

Shadow effect can not be neglected for thermal analysis of spacecraft,Accroding to the angle between solar light and antenna orbit plane and its orbit location,analytical geometry method was used for accurately calculating solar radiation heat flux distribution of reflector surfaces.To analyze the temperature field under heat flux,the formulations of net radiation flux density between two gray elements and the net flux density of gray surface under external thermal flux were deduced.Based on the characteristic of space environment,the nonlinear temperature distribution in transverse direction of reflector shell self radiation were considered,the finite element formulations were given for orthogonal material layered shell by Galerkin method.A layered element including a inner heat source layer was proposed,and the finite element formulation expressed by DOF of the inner heat source layer were put forward with temperature and heat flux boundarys between adjacent layer.

单馈反射面赋形天线是未来星载天线发展的一个重要形式，分析了基于物理光学、几何光学和几何绕射理论的理想反射面辐射场；介绍了基于几何光学的反射面天线赋形方法；针对赋形过程中辐射场的快速分析要求，比较分析了基于物理光学的Fourier-Bessel和Jacobi-Bessel级数展开方法以及GB展开分析方法；利用GB展开快速分析方法在20GHz频率下对0.6m口径的天线进行赋形分析，实现中国大陆的30dB增益覆盖，通过数值计算研究了固定增益期望下的口径尺寸随频率的变化，以及频率为20GHz的不同尺寸天线赋形后的覆盖目标区域最大增益的变化情况。

By the historical and methodological pondering over the development process of modern physics,based on the research work done by Arndt,Zurek,Brune,Myatt and so on,the problem of the wave-particle duality,the boundary between classic physicsand quantum physicsand the quantum decoherence of object particles is extended to the boundary of electromagnetic fields between classic and quantum in this paper.

本文通过对现代物理学发展过程的历史学与方法论反思，在阿恩特、哲瑞克、布鲁尼、莫雅特等人工作的基础上把实物粒子的波粒二象性、经典物理与量子物理的界限以及量子退相干问题推进到了电磁场的经典与量子界面上，并就反康普顿散射的经典理论与量子理论进行了比较研究，发现了洛仑兹-康普顿佯谬并设计了一个敏感而可行的双胜判决性实验。

In atomic vapor laser isotope separation, the metal is heated and melted by electron beam, and some atoms are on the metastable states. In order to analyse the influence of metastable states' deexcitation on vapor physical parameters, such as velocity, temperature, direct simulation Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the 2 D gadolinium evaporation from long and narrow crucible.

在原子法激光同位素分离工程中，金属受电子束的加热而熔化，有一部分原子处于亚稳态能级，为了分析在蒸发过程中亚稳态原子退激对原子蒸气的速度、温度等物理特性的影响，采用直接模拟蒙特卡罗法模拟钆原子蒸发过程，分析亚稳态原子退激过程对蒸气特性的影响。

By use of ANN model trained under normal circumstance, inner and outer bus fault can be distinguished clearly. For the research on bus protection theory based on function approximation ability of ANN, it is crucial to establish the functional relation between the input and the output of bus protection object.

在研究基于ANN函数逼近能力的母线保护原理的过程中，首先就母线保护物理对象的输入输出之间的函数关系进行了研究，将物理对象的输入定为母线上各回路电流互感器传变后的同一时刻二次检测电流，输出定为母线上各回路的一次侧同一时刻流过的电流之和。

Thirdly, surrounding rock deformation and failure process of layered rock mass in high geo-stress was reappeared through the physical models with different dip angle of rock stratum, and the stress change and failure discipline in the direction of vertical to bedding plane was definitely determined.

根据共和隧道砂质页岩的力学性质，运用相似理论，构筑不同倾角层状岩体的物理模型，研究了高应力条件下层状岩体围岩应力变化及变形破坏过程特征，确定了层状岩体在垂直于层面方向上围岩应力变化规律及破坏形态，揭示了深埋隧道层状岩体的破坏机理；物理模型实验研究得到的围岩应力变化规律及破坏特征与数值模拟分析的结果基本一致，同时也验证了横观各向同性弹塑性本构模型的正确性。

The method provided by this paper has a good changeability and wide adaptation, and can be used in products development and performance improvement effectively, to save the time and cost during the products research and development.

本文所采用的方法和提出的改进方案在整车研发中具有较强的可变性和广泛的适应性，对于产品开发和改进过程中减少物理样机的试制和物理试验的工作量都具有重要的价值。

The experiment results showed that the adsorption process of hydrolyzation and heated treatment production is chemisorption process going with physisorption process, the adsorption process of derivation production is chemisorption process.

结果表明，水解产品和热处理产品的吸附过程是化学吸附与物理吸附同时进行的过程，衍生产品的吸附过程是典型的化学吸附。

Based on the analysis of the features of virtual design, such as the combinations of quantitative design and qualitative design, parallel and serial design, green manufacturing-oriented design, the closed loop architecture of virtual design system, including the iterative steps of converse engineering and digital modeling, physical prototyping, physical testing, is proposed.

本文在分析机械产品虚拟设计定性与定量相结合、串行与并行相结合、面向绿色制造的设计等主要特征的基础上，构造了一个包含反求工程与数字化建模、物理原型、物理测试等环节在内的机械产品虚拟设计可迭代框架，并以鼠标外模的虚拟设计过程为例对这一框架进行了详细说明。

The quality of interior environment in nursing home residents will become one of the attention-getting subjects due to the gradual increase of aging populations This paper directs at the research of nursing home's interior environment factors in Tainan We use the standard of international practice to analyze the intrinsical data of environmental monitoring and establish the characteristics which from environmental physical reaction of nursing home The research items are air environments (PM10 CO CO2 formaldehyde TVOC) temperate environments and light environment (illumination average brightness daylight factor) etc There are the inductive conclusions of this research: 1 In basic medicine the clinical diagnosis means the theory and technique about physical examination with patients The definition of clinical diagnosis in architecture should be the diagnosis of building preserve and improve the feasible way to extend building's service life and assure the residents of the healthy quality of interior environment The object of clinical diagnosis in architecture is not only to ensure the use of structure and environment quality but also keep the structure and environment quality in sustainable; therefore creating an efficient system of preserving plan is needed 2 It is an accurate and technical circumstance which about improving remedying and reconstructing the problems of structure space This circumstance includes finding questions ensuring causation ascertaining ultimate strength evaluating environment quality estimating the necessary of restoration and implementing on a suitable way Furthermore when reconstructing and ameliorating the appearance of structure space it should be respected and the memories of it should be preserved 3 In clinical diagnosis of environment quality of space the question of physical environment and the deficiencies of structure must be separated The structure space of construction and the high quality of space should be inspected strictly then observed the crucial reason that can find out any invisible and hidden causes The diagnosis of construction is to observe the reason of destroyed structure The environmental diagnosis of indoor and outdoor is to find out the crucial reason that influences health 4 In order to decrease the iterant problems the construction and environment of space should be diagnosed However the destruction by natural strength and artificial using by human are important causes that can affect the service life of construction Searching the cause of disease just like curing the patient which includes inspection diagnosis cure and prevention We tested the thermal conductivity of siding material in this research and then found out the roof east vertical face and west vertical face have most radiant heat especially the construction of RC The characteristics of opaquely outer casing have relations with the thermal conductivity of wall to wiz the ability of heat insulation Therefore increasing the efficiency of heat insulation and decreasing the endoergic factor of insolation are very important to temperate environments

而随著国内老年人人口逐渐增加，逐渐迈向高龄化之同时，对於高龄者使用空间之室内环境品质相关议题之探讨，亦成为未来我们需加以关注之议题之一。主要为针对台南某安养中心室内环境因子进行检测调查工作，利用现场室内环境测定以取得有效的实测数据；再藉由汇整相关国际评估基准，并进行实测数据比对分析，建立老人安养中心对物理环境反应之特性。并以前期相关研究文献回顾与老人安养中心实测案例现场的实验，来了解不同空间物理环境特性之影响，并将结果回馈实际建筑及室内设计之用。调查工作项目包含：空气环境之PM10、CO、CO2、甲醛、TVOC；温热环境之室内温度、相对湿度、人体PMV、PPD；光环境之照度、均齐度、昼光率等因子调查。本研究结果可归纳以下几点结论： 1 所谓临床诊断医学乃相对於基础医学而言，是指实际与病人接触的医疗及护理行为中牵涉到的理论和技术；而建筑的临床诊断的定义应为建筑本体与室内外诊断、维护及改善所有可行的方式来延长建筑物的寿命，并确保人与室内环境空间品质的健康。建筑临床诊断目的为确保结构体与环境品质能继续使用，而能维持所需要的效能及承受能力。一个有效的维护计画体系是必须建立的 2 在建筑空间之问题改善、治疗与修复执行中，是一个精确与技术性的事项，其中包含找出问题、确定原因、评估结构应力强度、评估环境品质、评估修复与改善必要性、选择及执行一个适当的过程。其改善与修复也必须尊重建筑空间原有色彩与形貌，并保留原有记忆及文化。 3 在临床诊断中空间环境品质中，物理性环境问题与结构构件缺陷必须分别判断，诊断建筑空间之结构与空间舒适品质必须详细观察其症结性问题，才能发现任何隐藏及有潜伏性缺陷的原因。建筑本体诊断是观察出建筑本体之破坏原因，而是内外空间环境诊断目的在於的找出影响健康因素之症结性问题。 4 建筑本体与空间环境之预防评估目的为降低与抑制问题的再发生。然而，自然力的破坏与人为使用因素皆是影响建筑生命期之主要因素，找出病源问题就如同医生对病人的处理，包含了侦查、诊断、治疗以及预防。 5 本研究以外墙材料热传导率测试结果发现，屋面与东西向立面是承受辐射热最多的地方，尤以 RC 的建筑更甚，不透明部分的外壳能特性主要与壁体的热传透率即隔热能力有关，但是承受来自日射的吸热影响，因此增加隔热性能与降低日射吸热因子是对温热环境是非常重要的。

For example, we cannot copy an unknown state exactly because of "the no-cloning theorem"(no-deleting theorem), which is known as one of the most significant differences between classical and quantum information. Therefore to get to know what we can and cannot do in QIS or in quantum physics becomes an important and interesting problem. Particularly, in quantum communication and quantum cryptography, many novel schemes are based on the fact that nonorthogonal states cannot be discriminated determinately.

例如，经典信息中，编码状态是可以精确复制、区分的；而在量子信息中，由于叠加性的存在，使得非正交态不可区分，量子态不可复制、删除等；故而以往既成的观念都被打破，探讨在量子信息的框架下编码信息的估计、物理可实现的操作，以及这些量子体系在外界通过物理方法进行识别过程中的差异，是量子信息学、乃至物理学中的重要也很基本的问题。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了