物理状态

The analytic studies of the MITA procedure based on dynamics and the function of thermo-diffuse and thermo-conduction combine these three physic field systematically. Compared with situation function with thermo-balance method, the analytic studies based on dynamics have less parameters approximation, and more precision. Meanwhile, the discipline of the microwave energy absorbed by tissue is should studied also.

基于动力学和热扩散、传导方程的微波热致超声波机制解析解的分析，将上述三类物理场有机地结合在了一起，与基于热平衡的状态解析分析相比，这一方法更少地对三物理场所涉及的参数进行近似，能更准确地反映微波热致超声波机制。

Based on the flaw of the probability reliability model in the case of small amount of information,non-probability and mixed probability/non-probability reliability models are presented. When the uncertainty of the basic random variable is described by convex, analytical and numerical methods are constructed to calculate the convex of response variable. The infinite norm index, which is the minimal infinite norm distance from original coordinate point to the surface of the limit state in the standard interval space, is presented to measure the safety of the structure.

针对概率可靠性模型在小子样信息下的缺陷，建立了非概率可靠性模型及概率—非概率混合可靠性模型；给出了用集合来描述变量不确定性时，极限状态变量变化集合的解析解和数值迭代解法；提出了物理概念明确且十分易于工程应用的度量结构、机构安全程度的无穷范数指标，它是标准区间空间中坐标原点到极限状态表面的最小无穷范数距离。

By contrast, the type-B materialist must hold that the identification between consciousness and physical or functional states is epistemically primitive: the identity is not deducible from the complete physical truth.

作为对比，B类物质主义者必须认为在意识和物理或功能状态之间的同一，是认识论上基础的：同一不能通过完全的物理真而推导得到。

For example, we cannot copy an unknown state exactly because of "the no-cloning theorem"(no-deleting theorem), which is known as one of the most significant differences between classical and quantum information. Therefore to get to know what we can and cannot do in QIS or in quantum physics becomes an important and interesting problem. Particularly, in quantum communication and quantum cryptography, many novel schemes are based on the fact that nonorthogonal states cannot be discriminated determinately.

例如，经典信息中，编码状态是可以精确复制、区分的；而在量子信息中，由于叠加性的存在，使得非正交态不可区分，量子态不可复制、删除等；故而以往既成的观念都被打破，探讨在量子信息的框架下编码信息的估计、物理可实现的操作，以及这些量子体系在外界通过物理方法进行识别过程中的差异，是量子信息学、乃至物理学中的重要也很基本的问题。

Newton's first law of inertia, also known as the law, it sets out scientific and physical inertia of these two concepts, the correct interpretation of the state and the relationship between movement, and all objects have a state of constant movement to maintain its properties --- inertia, which is a basic law of physics.

牛顿第一定律又称惯性定律，它科学地阐明了力和惯性这两个物理概念，正确地解释了力和运动状态的关系，并提出了一切物体都具有保持其运动状态不变的属性——惯性，它是物理学中一条基本定律。

The real-time and on-line fault diagnosis and the observation of system states are realized by constructing a new reduced-order state observer for the augmented system with faults, and the physically unrealizable problem is solved.

然后通过构造一种新的含有故障的增广系统的降维状态观测器，实现了故障的实时在线诊断和系统状态的观测，解决了最优容错控制的物理不可实现问题。

In order to diagnose faults and to solve the physically unrealizable problems of the optimal fault-tolerant control law, a delay-free transformation approach was given for delayed measurements. The on-line fault diagnosis and the observation of system states were realized by constructing the reduced-order state observer for the augmented system comprising fault states.

为了进行故障诊断并解决最优控制的物理不可实现问题，给出了一种测量时滞的无时滞转换方法，并通过构造含有故障状态的增广系统的降维状态观测器，设计了在线诊断故障的故障诊断器并同时实现了系统状态的观测。

According to the internal force and external force of the cloth,the physical model is built.With this model,the dynamic simulation process of the cloth from non-balanceable state to balanceable state can be computed when collisions are not happened.

根据织物内部结构和外部受力的特点，建立物理模型，计算模型在没有碰撞的情况下，动态的模拟织物从非平衡的受力状态到平衡的受力状态之间的全过程。

Synthesized all above, the heat and mass transfer of charge bed is discussed in detail. After choosing seriously the former study results in this field, a whole temperature range process model for firing iron ore pellets containing solid fuel is established as well as its software is edited. The main physical chemistry reaction process within pellets and the heat statement can be calculated exactly with the process as long as the physical and chemical parameters of raw material are obtained through basic experiments. After finding out the reason of"temperature hysteresis"and"heat inertia"of the experimental induration device, a new kind of experimental induration device is designed. The"temperature hysteresis"of hot gas flow in the new device is avoided.

综合以上对焙烧球团矿时球团矿内各种物理化学反应过程的分析与研究的结果，仔细地分析研究了球团矿料层中的传热质现象，认真筛选了前人对填充床的传热传质的研究结果，提出了全温度范围球团矿焙烧过程模型，并编制了相应的计算机软件，只要通过基础实验，获得原燃料的基本物性参数（如化学反应速度常数，矿粉、煤粉的粒度及此表面积以及球团矿的导热性等），利用这一软件就能准确地计算出焙烧球团矿时球团矿内各种物理化学反应过程和料层内的热工状态。

In this paper, RIEMS(Regional Environment Integrated Modeling System)designed by TEA-RC(START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia)was used to run a 10-year simulation in East Asia to analyze and assess the statistical behavior of RIEMS by the means of analyzing mean climate, extreme events and inter-annual variability. NCEP reanalysis data are used as driving fields.

中文题名区域气候模式对东亚气候及其年际变率的模拟和分析副题名外文题名论文作者熊喆导师符淙斌研究员学科专业气候学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中国科学院大气物理研究所学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数72页关键词气候变化东亚气候区域气候模式年际变化区域环境系统集成模式馆藏号BSLW /2003 /P46 /9 本文用NCEP再分析资料作为驱动场来驱动中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域研究中心的区域环境系统集成模式，对于东亚地区进行连续十年积分，分析和考察RIEMS模式对东亚地区模拟能力的统计行为，其中包括平均气候状态、年际变率和极端气候等。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。